Questions and Answers
According to the quote, the Enlightenment encourages people to ________________ for themselves.
Think
Under what circumstances does John Locke think it would be acceptable for the people to overthrow the government?
If the government violated the social contract
Locke argued that all humans are born with what natural rights?
Life, liberty, property
Which act could be considered an acceptance of the social contract?
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John Locke believed that natural rights come from the government.
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What did philosophers of the Enlightenment have faith in, believing it could answer questions and solve problems?
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Which term is synonymous with 'natural rights,' according to Enlightenment philosophers?
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John Locke helped develop the idea of a social contract between citizens and the?
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According to Thomas Hobbes, what is the purpose of government control over citizens?
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What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand?
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Study Notes
Enlightenment Overview
- Immanuel Kant emphasized the importance of using one's own reason, encapsulating the essence of the Enlightenment movement.
- Enlightenment thinking encourages individuals to critically assess and think for themselves.
John Locke's Contributions
- Locke argued that citizens have the right to overthrow the government if it violates the social contract.
- He posited that all humans are inherently entitled to natural rights: life, liberty, and property.
- Locke believed that these natural rights are not granted by the government, but are inherent to all individuals.
Social Contract Concept
- The social contract entails mutual obligations between citizens and the government, exemplified by following traffic laws in exchange for road access.
- Locke's social contract theory plays a crucial role in the formation of modern democratic principles.
Philosophical Beliefs
- Enlightenment philosophers held a strong belief in human reason as a means to answer existential questions and resolve societal issues.
- The term "universal rights" is synonymous with "natural rights," reflecting the shared understanding among Enlightenment thinkers.
Government's Role According to Hobbes
- Thomas Hobbes asserted that the foremost purpose of government is to ensure safety and security for its citizens.
- Enlightenment philosophers sought to understand the principles that govern natural rights and human behavior within society.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the Enlightenment through these flashcards. Explore key concepts like Immanuel Kant's encouragement of reason and John Locke's ideas on governance. Perfect for understanding the foundations of modern political thought.
