169 Laws in Medicine 1973

Questions and Answers

What is the time frame for reporting cases of child abuse by medical personnel?

48 hours from knowledge of the incident (correct)

72 hours from knowledge of the incident

One week from knowledge of the incident

24 hours from knowledge of the incident

Which entity is required to report cases of child abuse observed during medical examination?

The Department of Health (DOH)

The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) (correct)

The medical practice board

The local government unit (LGU)

What is the consequence for administrators failing to report suspected child abuse?

Loss of medical license

Mandatory training on child welfare

A fine not exceeding two thousand pesos (correct)

Imprisonment for a term of 6 months

Which branch of medicine is specifically involved in elucidating legal matters according to the provided content?

Legal medicine Signup and view all the answers

What role do attending physicians and nurses have regarding suspected child abuse cases?

They must report their findings to higher authorities Signup and view all the answers

What kind of institutions are mentioned as having a duty to report cases of child abuse?

Hospitals, clinics, and similar institutions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of judicial authorities in relation to medico-legal matters?

To determine the constitutionality of laws Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Medical Jurisprudence' primarily refer to?

A branch of law concerning the practice of medicine Signup and view all the answers

Which body is responsible for amending or repealing laws in the Philippines?

The Bicameral Congress Signup and view all the answers

What happens to bills passed by Congress if they are not signed by the President?

They are automatically vetoed Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Lex Scripta' refer to in the context of law?

Laws that are defined and codified by legislation Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Article III, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution in the context of medical law?

It establishes the rights of medical practitioners Signup and view all the answers

What year was the Philippine Medical Act first passed?

1959 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common task performed by Congress concerning medical laws?

Drafting and passing bills related to medical regulations Signup and view all the answers

What type of fingerprint impression is created by intentional actions such as pressing or rolling the fingers?

Real impressions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of impression is categorized as being unobservable without additional processing?

Latent impressions Signup and view all the answers

What kind of identification could NOT be used as a form of vouched identification?

Printed name on apparel Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of chance impression?

Real impressions Signup and view all the answers

Which category of foreign bodies could provide identification information?

Dust in clothing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used for scientific human body identification?

Fingerprinting Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes plastic impressions?

Impressions on soft or moldable surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a typical source of identification records?

Insurance agencies Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary mechanism of action for the drug discussed?

GABAa receptor blocker (non-competitive inhibition) Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is least likely associated with this drug?

Nausea Signup and view all the answers

What initial reaction does the drug cause before CNS depression?

CNS stimulation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is NOT a behavioral observation associated with the drug's effects?

Improved attention span Signup and view all the answers

What subjective sign could indicate potential deception during interrogation?

Peculiar feelings in the stomach Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the rights that must be communicated to a person before interrogation?

Right to speak freely without restrictions Signup and view all the answers

What type of cognitive impairment is commonly reported as a side effect of the drug?

Difficulty in thinking Signup and view all the answers

What physiological effect is associated with the drug leading to respiratory issues?

Shallow breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a responsibility of a medical jurist regarding victim examination?

Determine the guilt or innocence of the accused Signup and view all the answers

Which document outlines the framework of government policies related to civil rights in the Philippines?

Constitutional Law Signup and view all the answers

Under which act are immediate and adequate notices of rights provided to victims?

Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Board-licensed physician in the context of medical jurisprudence?

To document and testify on medical findings Signup and view all the answers

What term is used when amendments to the constitution are proposed through a public initiative?

People's Initiative Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of a medical jurisdiction in practice?

Testifying in court as a medical expert Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the definitions of a medical jurist's duties?

Verifying medical insurance claims Signup and view all the answers

Which act was established in 1992 for the protection of children against abuse and exploitation?

Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act Signup and view all the answers

What is a minor role offered to medical professionals under medical jurisprudence?

Providing therapy to victims Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the changes proposed to the constitution through assemblies or conventions?

Charter Change Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is primarily used to determine the age of ossification centers in relation to legal age assessment?

Union of bones and epiphyses Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of blood droplets provides insight into the height from which they fell?

Size of the splash Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of blood solubility tests in forensic examinations?

Determination of blood type Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the appearance of Tardieu spots in a post-mortem examination?

Increased capillary pressure Signup and view all the answers

What does the angle of blood splatter indicate in a forensic analysis?

Distance to the source Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to assess the impact strength of blood droplets on various surfaces?

Size and shape measurement Signup and view all the answers

What does a blood droplet falling at a 90-degree angle typically indicate?

High velocity impact Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a recent blood droplet concerning its behavior in saline?

Soluble and bright red Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of determining the duration from death to interment?

To assess the condition of skeletal remains for legal documentation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the determination of duration from death to interment?

Type of coffin used Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is NOT commonly used to estimate the height of an individual during forensic analysis?

Calcaneus Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of soft tissues would be crucial for determining the time since death?

Presence or absence of tissues adhering to bones Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is prominently used to determine the sex of skeletal remains?

Pelvis Signup and view all the answers

Which method is effective in analyzing the degree of erosion in bones to estimate the time elapsed since death?

Visual inspection Signup and view all the answers

What factor impacts the determination of the duration from death to interment significantly?

Environmental temperature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a relevant factor assessed during the examination of skeletal remains?

Weight of the deceased Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected duration of rigor mortis in a deceased body?

Starts at 2-3 hours and fully at 12 hours Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of maggots in a body indicate regarding the time of death?

Death occurred more than 24 hours ago Signup and view all the answers

When does livor mortis typically start after death?

3-6 hours post-mortem Signup and view all the answers

When does post-mortem clotting typically occur?

6-8 hours post-mortem Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time required for a meal to be digested into feces post-mortem?

3-4 hours Signup and view all the answers

At what stage does decomposition typically begin post-mortem?

24-48 hours Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Legal Medicine and Child Protection

Application of clinical and paramedical sciences to address legal matters.
Medical professionals must report child examinations or treatments for abuse to the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) within 48 hours.
Failure to report suspected child abuse may incur a fine of up to ₱2,000.

Responsibilities of Medical Professionals

Health workers must document any signs of physical, emotional, or psychological injuries.
Medical professionals are required to provide free medical certificates for victims.
Records of examinations must be safeguarded, and victims can access them at reasonable cost.
Victims should be informed of their rights and remedies under relevant laws, such as the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004 (RA 9262).

Legal Framework and Medical Jurisprudence

Specialized knowledge that blends legal principles with medical practice is essential for medical jurists.
Medical ethics, bioethics, and legal medicine intersect with statutes like the Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act (RA 7610).
Medical jurisprudence governs the rights, duties, and obligations of medical practitioners.

Sources of Laws in the Philippines

Sources include Constitutional Law, which establishes civil rights and responsibilities, including provisions for possible amendments (referred to as Charter Change).
Laws can originate from the Bicameral Congress and must be signed by the President; they can also be vetoed.

Medical Ethics

The Code of Medical Ethics outlines the standards for medical practice in the Philippines.
Medical practitioners must navigate the balance between legal obligations and patient care.

Psychological Indicators of Potential Deception

Subjective signs may include sweating, color changes, and dryness of mouth.
Other observed behaviors could involve fidgeting and nervousness, reflecting the subject's psychological state during a testimonial situation.

Fingerprinting as Identification

Fingerprinting is a key scientific method for identifying individuals.
Types of fingerprint impressions include:
- Real impressions: Produced purposefully through rolling or pressing.
- Chance impressions: Occur incidentally without intent, classified as visible, plastic, or latent based on their observability.
Importance of forensic identification methods in legal medicine and criminal investigations.

Handwriting Analysis

Bibliotics: The scientific study of handwriting analysis, helping to verify authenticity and authorship.
Graphology: Analysis of handwriting for psychological insights and personality traits.

Determining Time of Death

Duration from Death to Interment: Determined by examining soft tissues and bone erosion.
Soft Tissue Disappearance: Typically, all soft tissues in a grave decompose within one year.

Skeletal Remains Analysis

Bones for Height Measurement: Femur, humerus, tibia, and radius are used for estimating height.
Bones for Sex Determination: Key bones include pelvis, skull, sternum.

Post-Mortem Changes

Rigor Mortis: Begins 2-3 hours after death, peaks at 12 hours, resolves in 24-48 hours.
Livor Mortis: Appears 3-6 hours post-mortem.
Decomposition Timeline: Begins 24-48 hours after death.

Evidence of Time of Death

Entomology: Presence of maggots indicates over 24 hours post-mortem.
Digestion Analysis: Last meal digestion typically converts to feces in 3-4 hours.
Post-Mortem Clotting: Occurs 6-8 hours post-mortem; blood coagulates initially, then decoagulates.

Bloodstain Analysis

Direction of Bloodstains: Tail of a blood stain points opposite to the source based on splatter angle and velocity.
Vertical Drop Impact: Blood falling at a 90-degree angle causes a distinct splash pattern.

Legal Determination of Age

Ossification Centers: Age can be assessed by the appearance of ossification centers.
Bone Union: Observing the union of bones and the closure of epiphyses aids in age estimation.
Cranial Sutures: Obliteration of cranial sutures is a further method of determining age based on development.

Blood Examination

Solubility Test: Recent blood droplets dissolve in saline, turning bright red upon heating to 75 degrees Celsius.
Tardieu Spots: Pinpoint spots signifying ruptured capillaries due to increased pressure.

Summary of Time-Based Post-Mortem Hallmarks

Recognizes physiological changes that denote elapsed time since death, essential in forensic investigations.

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Description

Explore the 169 series of 1973, which focuses on the intersection of medicine and legal matters. This quiz delves into the application of clinical and paramedical sciences in legal contexts and the responsibilities of healthcare professionals. Test your knowledge on this specific branch of medicine.