1010 Bio Application Questions Flashcards

Questions and Answers

If you travel to a foreign country and notice that people are having great difficulty seeing in low light conditions, what vitamin is probably lacking in their diet?

Vitamin B

Vitamin D

Vitamin C

Vitamin A (correct)

If you have been trapped inside for 3 straight weeks, what vitamin deficiency might you be suffering from?

Vitamin D (correct)

Vitamin A

Vitamin C

Vitamin E

Where does the iodine in your body come from?

The thyroid produces it; also comes from fish, salt, etc.

Is your blood pressure higher in a capillary or a venule in your systemic circuit?

Capillary Signup and view all the answers

If you have too little glucose in your bloodstream, what will your liver break down?

Stored glycogen Signup and view all the answers

Oxygen that is found in your interstitial fluid came from where?

A capillary in the systemic circuit Signup and view all the answers

If you don't have enough iron in your diet, what might you be suffering from?

Anemia Signup and view all the answers

Why is it a bad idea to turn the heater on in an old beat-up car when it is sitting in your garage?

Releases carbon monoxide Signup and view all the answers

Why is a high white blood cell count an indicator that you may not be healthy?

Indicates Infection Signup and view all the answers

Where will the carbon dioxide that is made by your cells in respiration go?

It is exhaled Signup and view all the answers

If you have type O blood, who can you receive blood from?

O+ can receive any blood, O- can ONLY have O- Signup and view all the answers

A test reveals that you have only anti-A antibodies. What type of blood do you have?

Type B blood Signup and view all the answers

A mother with type A blood and a father with type A blood have a child that does not have type A blood. Is that possible, or was the baby switched at the hospital? What type of blood does the baby have?

It's possible that the baby has type O Signup and view all the answers

An Rh- woman and an Rh- father have a child. Is it possible for the baby to have erythroblastosis fetalis?

False Signup and view all the answers

If you take your blood pressure, and it reads 180/100, should you be excited or worried?

Worried Signup and view all the answers

Blood is in an arteriole in the pulmonary circuit. Is that blood high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

Low oxygen, high CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Other than fighting infection, what are some other important functions of your lymphatic system? (Select all that apply)

Deal with cancer cells Signup and view all the answers

Blood is flowing through your tricuspid valve. Is carbon dioxide high or low?

High CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Blood is flowing through the aortic semilunar valve. Is carbon dioxide high or low?

Low CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Blood is in the lungs. What is the last valve that blood flowed through?

Pulmonary semilunar valve Signup and view all the answers

Blood is going through the aorta. Where is it going next?

Rest of the body Signup and view all the answers

If the AV node is malfunctioning, it will affect the contraction of what part of the heart?

Your right and left ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What is the digestive function of the appendix?

Signup and view all the answers

Is blood that is in the capillaries in your liver high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

If you are at the start, you will be high in oxygen; if you are at the end, high CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Is blood that is in your capillaries in your pulmonary circuit high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

High oxygen Signup and view all the answers

How are the circulatory and lymphatic systems linked?

Returns water, blood, and plasma back into blood circulation Signup and view all the answers

Your blood is not clotting properly. What type of cells/cell fragments are not functioning properly?

Platelets Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood vessel is your pulmonary trunk?

Pulmonary artery Signup and view all the answers

If your lymphatic system becomes blocked, that will prevent the transport of what?

White blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Where does the carbon dioxide in your pulmonary capillaries go?

Alveoli Signup and view all the answers

If blood is in your right atrium, what is the last blood vessel it flowed through?

Superior and inferior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

What does your large intestine absorb?

Water and salt Signup and view all the answers

Why do you have valves in your veins? If they break, what happens to you?

Helps return blood to the heart; varicose veins Signup and view all the answers

What causes a heart attack and what can you do to help prevent that?

Occurs when an artery that sends blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked. 1. Exercise 2. Healthy eating 3. No smoking 4. Manage stress 5. Regular health screening Signup and view all the answers

If you are not making enough Vitamin K, then what part of your body is probably malfunctioning?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

If blood is in a venule in your pulmonary circuit, is it high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

High oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What causes cirrhosis of the liver?

Chronic alcohol abuse, Hepatitis B or C Signup and view all the answers

Where does the oxygen in your blood come from?

Alveoli of lungs Signup and view all the answers

Why didn't blood transfusions work very consistently before the twentieth century?

Because back then, no one really knew that you aren't supposed to mix certain blood types Signup and view all the answers

What are the folds in the walls of the small intestine?

Plicae circulares Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a part of the large intestine?

Ileum, jejunum, and duodenum Signup and view all the answers

Where in the heart is O2 high and CO2 low?

Left side Signup and view all the answers

When the heart contracts, where is pressure the highest?

Contracting ventricles Signup and view all the answers

The large intestine concentrates and stores feces.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the connective tissue in the heart called?

Pericardium Signup and view all the answers

In the circuit diagram, where would O2 be HIGH?

Pulmonary vein Signup and view all the answers

If your thyroid swells and you have a goiter, what might you want to include more of in your diet?

Seafood and iodized salt Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following would you find high levels of carbon dioxide? (Select all that apply)

The tricuspid valve Signup and view all the answers

Blood is in an arteriole in your arm. What is the last valve it went through in the heart?

Aortic semilunar valve Signup and view all the answers

Carbon dioxide is in your alveoli. Where did that carbon dioxide come directly from?

The capillaries Signup and view all the answers

If blood flowed backwards into your left atrium, it would be because _ didn't close properly and would cause a .

The bicuspid valve, murmur Signup and view all the answers

When blood flows through a vein, it is:

Signup and view all the answers

Blood is flowing through your tricuspid valve; what will happen when it leaves that side of the heart?

Will flow into the pulmonary circuit Signup and view all the answers

If the SA node ceased to function in your heart, what would happen?

Prevent the atria from contracting, prevent ventricles from contracting, prevent an impulse from starting in your heart Signup and view all the answers

If an Rh- mother and an Rh- father have a child, then it could not have erythroblastosis fetalis.

True Signup and view all the answers

You are at the juncture of an arteriole and a pulmonary capillary; the blood there is:

Is high in carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

When a substance is in the cecum, where is it going directly next?

The ascending colon Signup and view all the answers

The carbon dioxide in your interstitial fluid just came from your:

Cells Signup and view all the answers

You are in charge of a kitchen at an orphanage in an undeveloped country where children have Kwashiorkor syndrome. What are they lacking in their diet?

Protein Signup and view all the answers

If someone infuses extra red blood cells into their blood, this would:

Improve oxygen delivery to cells Signup and view all the answers

An arteriole in the pulmonary circuit would be:

High in carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

If carbon dioxide is in the alveoli, then where did it directly come from?

A capillary Signup and view all the answers

The most concentrated source of energy for the body is:

Fats Signup and view all the answers

What nutrient provides a quick source of energy?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What nutrient provides 9 essential amino acids?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

When the stomach swells from a lack of proteins, this condition is called:

Kwashiorkor Signup and view all the answers

What minerals must be obtained from food and liquids?

Minerals such as sodium, calcium, iron, iodine Signup and view all the answers

What vitamin is stored in the large intestine?

K Signup and view all the answers

The vitamin found in greens, carrots, and pumpkin that causes night blindness when lacking is:

A Signup and view all the answers

What vitamin is important for pregnant people?

Folic acid Signup and view all the answers

What does the liver store? (Select all that apply)

Vitamins Signup and view all the answers

What is scarring of the liver called?

Cirrhosis Signup and view all the answers

What does the liver produce?

Bile Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Rapid internal transport to and from cells Signup and view all the answers

Where are erythrocytes produced?

Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Hemoglobin is a _____ based protein.

Iron Signup and view all the answers

Hemoglobin carries and .

O2 and CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What are white blood cells called?

Leukocytes Signup and view all the answers

White blood cells are _ but less _ than red blood cells.

Larger, numerous Signup and view all the answers

Do leukocytes have a nucleus?

True Signup and view all the answers

Lymphocytes produce:

Antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Platelets are cell:

Fragments Signup and view all the answers

The four blood types are:

A, B, AB, O Signup and view all the answers

Blood types are identified by the type of:

Antigens Signup and view all the answers

What is the allele for Rh antigens?

D/d Signup and view all the answers

What antigens are present in type A blood?

Antigen A Signup and view all the answers

What antibodies are present in type O blood?

Anti-A and Anti-B Signup and view all the answers

What is the fetal condition involving Rh antibodies called?

Erythroblastosis fetalis Signup and view all the answers

What must be the phenotypes of mom, dad, and baby for erythroblastosis fetalis to occur?

Mom: Rh-, Dad: Rh+, Baby: Rh+ Signup and view all the answers

Arteries carry blood _____ from the heart.

Away Signup and view all the answers

Veins carry blood _____ the heart.

To Signup and view all the answers

Which circuit interacts with the lungs?

Pulmonary Signup and view all the answers

Which circuit goes to the rest of your body?

Systemic Signup and view all the answers

The pulmonary circuit is the _____ loop.

Short Signup and view all the answers

side of the heart → lungs → - side of heart.

Right, left Signup and view all the answers

The pulmonary circuit _____ oxygen to/from blood.

Adds to Signup and view all the answers

The systemic circuit starts at which side of the heart?

Left Signup and view all the answers

What is the main artery of the body?

Aorta Signup and view all the answers

What is the heart's connective tissue called?

Pericardium Signup and view all the answers

Upper chambers of the heart are called:

Atria Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vitamins and Nutrients

Vitamin A deficiency can cause difficulties seeing in low light conditions.
Insufficient Vitamin D may result from prolonged indoor confinement and can affect bone health.
Iodine is sourced from the thyroid and dietary sources like fish and iodized salt.
A lack of iron in the diet can lead to anemia, characterized by reduced red blood cell counts.

Blood Circulation and Pressure

Blood pressure is higher in capillaries than in venules due to resistance in smaller blood vessels.
Stored glycogen in the liver is broken down when blood glucose levels are low.
Oxygen in interstitial fluid originates from capillaries in the systemic circuit.
Carbon dioxide produced by cellular respiration is exhaled from the lungs.

Blood Types and Transfusions

Type O blood can receive donations from O+ and only O- for compatibility.
Presence of only anti-A antibodies indicates Type B blood.
Two Type A parents can produce a Type O child due to recessive alleles.
Erythroblastosis fetalis is not possible with both parents Rh-.

Heart Functionality and Structure

High blood pressure readings (180/100) denote concern; ideal is 120/80.
Blood in the pulmonary circuit's arterioles is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide.
Functions of the lymphatic system include fluid level management, reacting to bacteria, and absorbing dietary fats.

Digestive and Absorptive Processes

The large intestine absorbs water and salts, concentrating and storing fecal matter.
Lack of protein in the diet leads to Kwashiorkor syndrome, affecting children's health in underdeveloped areas.

Liver Functions and Health

Liver diseases such as cirrhosis stem from chronic alcohol use or hepatitis infections.
The liver produces bile and stores glycogen, iron, and vitamins.
Insufficient Vitamin K affects liver function, vital for blood clotting.

Blood Composition and Function

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are generated in red bone marrow and contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and carbon dioxide.
White blood cells (leukocytes) are larger than red blood cells and are crucial for the immune response.
Platelets are cell fragments necessary for blood clotting.

Cardiovascular System Overview

Arteries transport blood away from the heart; veins carry blood toward it.
The pulmonary circuit connects to the lungs, while the systemic circuit serves the rest of the body.
The aorta is recognized as the body's main artery and initiates systemic blood flow.
The heart's upper chambers consist of the atria, responsible for receiving blood.

Blood Type Genetics

Four main blood types are A, B, AB, and O, identified by their distinct antigens.
Type O blood carries anti-A and anti-B antibodies and can only accept type O blood.
An Rh- mother and Rh+ father can produce a child with Rh+ blood, leading to possible complications in pregnancy.

Blood Vessel Structure

Valves in veins prevent backflow; malfunctioning valves can result in varicose veins.

Specialized Medical Conditions

Heart attacks occur when arteries supplying the heart become blocked; prevention includes exercise, healthy diet, and avoiding smoking.
Erythroblastosis fetalis arises from specific Rh compatibility conditions during pregnancy.

Summary of Knowledge Areas

Understanding vitamin roles, the circulatory and digestive systems, blood health essentials, and proper heart function is crucial for maintaining overall health.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on essential vitamins and their sources with these flashcards. Each card poses a practical scenario related to vitamin deficiencies and nutrition. Perfect for biology students looking to enhance their understanding of dietary health.

1010 Bio Application Questions Flashcards

Questions and Answers

If you travel to a foreign country and notice that people are having great difficulty seeing in low light conditions, what vitamin is probably lacking in their diet?

If you have been trapped inside for 3 straight weeks, what vitamin deficiency might you be suffering from?

Where does the iodine in your body come from?

Is your blood pressure higher in a capillary or a venule in your systemic circuit?

If you have too little glucose in your bloodstream, what will your liver break down?

Oxygen that is found in your interstitial fluid came from where?

If you don't have enough iron in your diet, what might you be suffering from?

Why is it a bad idea to turn the heater on in an old beat-up car when it is sitting in your garage?

Why is a high white blood cell count an indicator that you may not be healthy?

Where will the carbon dioxide that is made by your cells in respiration go?

If you have type O blood, who can you receive blood from?

A test reveals that you have only anti-A antibodies. What type of blood do you have?

A mother with type A blood and a father with type A blood have a child that does not have type A blood. Is that possible, or was the baby switched at the hospital? What type of blood does the baby have?

An Rh- woman and an Rh- father have a child. Is it possible for the baby to have erythroblastosis fetalis?

If you take your blood pressure, and it reads 180/100, should you be excited or worried?

Blood is in an arteriole in the pulmonary circuit. Is that blood high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

Other than fighting infection, what are some other important functions of your lymphatic system? (Select all that apply)

Blood is flowing through your tricuspid valve. Is carbon dioxide high or low?

Blood is flowing through the aortic semilunar valve. Is carbon dioxide high or low?

Blood is in the lungs. What is the last valve that blood flowed through?

Blood is going through the aorta. Where is it going next?

If the AV node is malfunctioning, it will affect the contraction of what part of the heart?

What is the digestive function of the appendix?

Is blood that is in the capillaries in your liver high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

Is blood that is in your capillaries in your pulmonary circuit high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

How are the circulatory and lymphatic systems linked?

Your blood is not clotting properly. What type of cells/cell fragments are not functioning properly?

What type of blood vessel is your pulmonary trunk?

If your lymphatic system becomes blocked, that will prevent the transport of what?

Where does the carbon dioxide in your pulmonary capillaries go?

If blood is in your right atrium, what is the last blood vessel it flowed through?

What does your large intestine absorb?

Why do you have valves in your veins? If they break, what happens to you?

What causes a heart attack and what can you do to help prevent that?

If you are not making enough Vitamin K, then what part of your body is probably malfunctioning?

If blood is in a venule in your pulmonary circuit, is it high in oxygen or low in oxygen?

What causes cirrhosis of the liver?

Where does the oxygen in your blood come from?

Why didn't blood transfusions work very consistently before the twentieth century?

What are the folds in the walls of the small intestine?

What is NOT a part of the large intestine?

Where in the heart is O2 high and CO2 low?

When the heart contracts, where is pressure the highest?

The large intestine concentrates and stores feces.

What is the connective tissue in the heart called?

In the circuit diagram, where would O2 be HIGH?

If your thyroid swells and you have a goiter, what might you want to include more of in your diet?

In which of the following would you find high levels of carbon dioxide? (Select all that apply)

Blood is in an arteriole in your arm. What is the last valve it went through in the heart?

Carbon dioxide is in your alveoli. Where did that carbon dioxide come directly from?

If blood flowed backwards into your left atrium, it would be because _____ didn't close properly and would cause a ____.

When blood flows through a vein, it is:

Blood is flowing through your tricuspid valve; what will happen when it leaves that side of the heart?

If the SA node ceased to function in your heart, what would happen?

If an Rh- mother and an Rh- father have a child, then it could not have erythroblastosis fetalis.

You are at the juncture of an arteriole and a pulmonary capillary; the blood there is:

When a substance is in the cecum, where is it going directly next?

The carbon dioxide in your interstitial fluid just came from your:

You are in charge of a kitchen at an orphanage in an undeveloped country where children have Kwashiorkor syndrome. What are they lacking in their diet?

If someone infuses extra red blood cells into their blood, this would:

An arteriole in the pulmonary circuit would be:

If carbon dioxide is in the alveoli, then where did it directly come from?

The most concentrated source of energy for the body is:

What nutrient provides a quick source of energy?

What nutrient provides 9 essential amino acids?

When the stomach swells from a lack of proteins, this condition is called:

What minerals must be obtained from food and liquids?

What vitamin is stored in the large intestine?

The vitamin found in greens, carrots, and pumpkin that causes night blindness when lacking is:

What vitamin is important for pregnant people?

What does the liver store? (Select all that apply)

What is scarring of the liver called?

What does the liver produce?

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Where are erythrocytes produced?

Hemoglobin is a _____ based protein.

Hemoglobin carries ____ and ____.

What are white blood cells called?

If blood flowed backwards into your left atrium, it would be because _ didn't close properly and would cause a .

Hemoglobin carries and .

White blood cells are _ but less _ than red blood cells.

Vitamins & Minerals Overview: Vitamin D and E