Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of Vitamin C in the body?
What is the primary function of Vitamin C in the body?
- Stimulating growth
- Acting as a coenzyme
- Essential for proper collagen formation (correct)
- Producing energy
What is the primary cause of Kwashiorkor?
What is the primary cause of Kwashiorkor?
- Vitamin C deficiency
- Deficiency of proteins in diet (correct)
- Excessive energy intake
- Lack of carbohydrates in diet
What is a characteristic symptom of scurvy?
What is a characteristic symptom of scurvy?
- Bleeding in mucus membranes (correct)
- Enlarged liver
- Edema
- Moon face
What is the definition of malnutrition?
What is the definition of malnutrition?
What is Marasmus?
What is Marasmus?
What is an example of secondary malnutrition?
What is an example of secondary malnutrition?
What is the primary cause of obesity?
What is the primary cause of obesity?
What is the name of the disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B12?
What is the name of the disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B12?
What is the primary function of vitamin A in the body?
What is the primary function of vitamin A in the body?
What is the consequence of vitamin D deficiency in infants?
What is the consequence of vitamin D deficiency in infants?
Which of the following is a characteristic of fat-soluble vitamins?
Which of the following is a characteristic of fat-soluble vitamins?
What is the primary source of vitamin E in the diet?
What is the primary source of vitamin E in the diet?
What is the consequence of vitamin A deficiency in the eyes?
What is the consequence of vitamin A deficiency in the eyes?
Which of the following vitamins is an antioxidant?
Which of the following vitamins is an antioxidant?
What is the role of vitamin K in the body?
What is the role of vitamin K in the body?
What is the primary source of vitamin B1 (thiamine)?
What is the primary source of vitamin B1 (thiamine)?
What is the result of a severe deficiency of vitamin B1?
What is the result of a severe deficiency of vitamin B1?
What is the function of vitamin B2 (riboflavin)?
What is the function of vitamin B2 (riboflavin)?
What is the primary source of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)?
What is the primary source of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)?
What is the result of a severe deficiency of vitamin B6?
What is the result of a severe deficiency of vitamin B6?
What is the role of intestinal bacteria in vitamin K synthesis?
What is the role of intestinal bacteria in vitamin K synthesis?
What is the name of the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin K?
What is the name of the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin K?
Study Notes
Water Soluble Vitamins
- Vit B12 (cyanocobalamine) has a growth-stimulating effect and is found in whole grain cereals, liver, and produced by some microorganisms.
- Vit B3 (niacin) acts as a coenzyme and is found in whole grain cereals, excluding maize; its deficiency leads to pellagra (glossitis, gastrointestinal disturbance, and skin lesions).
- Vit C (ascorbic acid) is a constituent of all cells, essential for proper collagen formation, and required for normal wound healing; its deficiency leads to scurvy (bleeding in mucus membranes, bone and teeth).
Malnutrition
- Malnutrition is a disorder due to lack of adequate balanced diet; it can be primary (failure to eat a normal diet) or secondary (increased diet requirements, decreased absorption, or metabolic abnormality).
- Protein or energy malnutrition can lead to Kwashiorkor (protein deficiency) or Marasmus (chronic deficiency in total energy intake).
Kwashiorkor
- Symptoms include edema (moon face), ascites, and enlarged liver.
Marasmus
- Chronic deficiency in total energy intake results in starvation and underweight.
Vitamins
- Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for correct growth and health.
- They are divided into two groups: fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble (B group and C).
Fat Soluble Vitamins
- Vit A is necessary for vision in dim light and is found in animal fats, liver, eggs, fish-liver oils, and yellow plants; its deficiency leads to night blindness, xerophthalmia, and hyperkeratosis.
- Vit D controls the deposition of calcium and phosphorus in bones and is found in exposure to direct sunlight, cod-liver oils, and synthesized by bacteria in the intestinal tract; its deficiency leads to rickets in infants and osteomalacia in adults.
- Vit E is an antioxidant, necessary for fertility, and is found in vegetable oils; its deficiency leads to habitual abortion, sterility, and menstrual disorders.
- Vit K is necessary for maintaining prothrombin levels and promoting clotting; it is synthesized by bacteria in the intestinal tract and found in many vegetables; its deficiency leads to hypoprothrombinaemia in newborns.
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Description
This quiz covers the functions and sources of water-soluble vitamins B12 and B3, including their effects on health and deficiency diseases.