1872 Cavite Mutiny PDF

Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 1872 CAVITE MUTINY “Mut i ne ” - Revolt  J a n u a r y 2 0 , 1 8 7 2 , a b o u t 2 0 0 F i l i p i n o m i l i t a r y...

Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 1872 CAVITE MUTINY “Mut i ne ” - Revolt  J a n u a r y 2 0 , 1 8 7 2 , a b o u t 2 0 0 F i l i p i n o m i l i t a r y p e r s o n n e l of F o r t S a n F e l i p e A r s e n a l in C a v i t e , P h i l i p p i n e s , s t a g e d a m u t i n y w h i c h in a w a y l e d to t h e P h i l i p p i n e R e v o l u t i o n in 1 8 9 6.  T h e 1 8 7 2 C a v i t e M u t i n y w a s p r e c i p i t a t e d by t h e r e m o v a l of l o n g - s t a n d i n g p e r s o n a l b e n e f i t s to t h e w o r k e r s s u c h as t a x ( t r i b u t e ) a n d f o r c e d l a b o r e x e m p t i o n s on o r d e r f r o m t h e G o v e r n o r G e n e r a l R a f a e l de I z q u i e r d o.  R a f a e l I z q u i e r d o r e p l a c e d G o v e r n o r G e n e r a l C a r l o s M a r i a de la T o r r e s o m e m o n t h s b e f o r e in 1 8 7 1 a n d i m m e d i a t e l y r e s c i n d e d T o r r e ’ s l i b e r a l m e a s u r e s and i m p o s e d his i r o n - fi s t ru le. SPANISH VERSION  Jo s e M o n t e r o y V i d a l - a p r o l i f i c S p a n i s h h i s t o r i a n d o c u m e n t e d the e v e n t a n d h i g h l i g h t e d it as t h e a t t e m p t of t h e I n d i o ' s to o v e r t h r o w S p a n i s h g o v e r n m e n t in t h e P h i l i p p i n e s.  G o v e r n o r G e n e r a l I z q u i e r d o - R e p o r t to t h e K i n g of S p a i n m a g n i f i e d t h e e v e n t a n d m a d e u s e to i m p l i c a t e t h e n a t i v e c l e r g y , w h i c h w a s t h e n a c t i v e in t h e c a l l f o r s e c u l a r i z a t i o n.  The 18 7 2 C a v i t e M u t i n y was p r e m e d i t a t e d , a big c o n s p i r a c y of a l l e d u c a t e d l e a d e r s , m e s t i z o s , l a w y e r s a n d a n d r e s i d e n t s of M a n i l a a n d C e b u. A l l e g e d l y a p l a n to l i q u a t e h i g h r a n k i n g S p a n i s h o f f i c i a l s and ki l l f r i a r s. SPANISH VERSION  J a n u a r y 2 0 , 1 8 7 2 – T h e d i s t r i c t of S a m p a l o c c e l e b r a t e d t h e F e a s t of t h e V i r g i n L o r e t o a n d t h e r e w e r e s o m e f i r e w o r k s d i s p l a y , it is s a i d t h a t t h e C a v i t e ñ o s m i s t o o k it as t h e s i g n a l to c o m m e n c e w i t h t h e attack.  2 0 0 m e n w e r e l e d by S e r g e a n t L a m a d r i d a t t a c k e d S p a n i s h o f f i c e r s at t h e a r s e n a l. S o m e S p a n i s h o f f i c e r s w e r e k i l l e d. S g t. La M a d r i d w a s a l s o k i l l e d. O t h e r s w e r e s e n t e n c e d to d e a t h a n d h a r d labor. 1|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay  I z q u i e r d o , a f t e r l e a r n i n g t h e u p c o m i n g a t t a c k , he o r d e r e d the r e i n f o r c e m e n t of t h e S p a n i s h f o r c e s in C a v i t e to q u e l l t h e r e v o l t.  The r e v o l u t i o n was e a s i l y c r u s h e d b e c a u s e the M a n i l e ñ o s who w e r e e x p e c t e d to h e l p di d n o t a r r i v e. T h e C a v i t e ñ o s e x p e c t e d t h e m , h o w e v e r , they did not ar r i v e.  In t h e e n d t h e G O M B U R Z A w e r e k i l l e d a n d s e n t e n c e d. F o u r l a w y e r s w e r e s u s p e n d e d f r o m t h e p r a c t i c e of l a w , a r r e s t e d a n d s e n t e n c e d to l i f e i m p r i s o n m e n t at t h e M a r i a n a s I s l a n d. 4 l a w y e r s - J o P a T a - A n t R e g i - J o s e – Pi  J o a q u i n P a r d o de T a v e r a  An t o n i o Ma. Re g i do r  Jo s e Basa  Pio Basa GOVERNOR-GENERAL RAFAEL DE IZQUERDO  He w a s o p p o s e d to a n y h i n t of r e f o r m i s t or n a t i o n a l i s t i c m o v e m e n t s in the P h i l i p p i n e s.  He w a s in o f f i c e for le s s than two y e a r s , b u t he w i l l be r e m e m b e r e d f o r h i s c r u e l t y to t h e F i l i p i n o s a n d t h e b a r b a r i c e x e c u t i o n of t h e t h r e e m a r t y r - p r i e s t s b l a m e d f o r t h e m u t i n y : F a t h e r s M a r i a n o G o m e z , Jo s e B u r g o s , and J a c i n t o Z a m o r a , la t e r c o l l e c t i v e l y c a l l e d “GOMBURZA.” FILIPINO VERSION C a v i t e M u t i n y s t a r t e d a f t e r t h e P o l i c i e s of I z q u i e r d o ( a b o l i t i o n of p r i v i l e g e s a n d p r o h i b i t i o n of t h e f o u n d i n g of t h e s c h o o l of a r t s a n d t r a d e ). 2|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay Privile ges before:  The F i l i p i n o l a b o r e r s and s o l d i e r s are e x e m p t e d fr o m p a y i n g ta x e s.  Exe m p t ed from forced labor (Polo y Ser vi cio) F a l l a - P a y m e n t if y o u w a n t e d to be e x e m p t e d f r o m f o r c e d l a b o FR. PEDRO PELAEZ  F r. P e d r o P e l a e z a d v o c a t e d f o r t h e s e c u l a r i z a t i o n of F i l i p i n o p r i e s t s a n d is c o n s i d e r e d t h e " G o d f a t h e r of t h e P h i l i p p i n e R e v o l u t i o n. "  F r. P e l a e z d i e d a v i c t i m of t h e g r e a t e a r t h q u a k e.  S e c u l a r i z a t i o n M o v e m e n t : " n a t i o n a l i z i n g " t h e C a t h o l i c C h u r c h by r e p l a c i n g t h e friar s with native secular pr ie s t s.  R e t e l l s t h e s t o r y of A p o l i n a r i o de la C r u z , a n a t i v e w h o wa s r e j e c t e d f o r p r i e s t h o o d by S p a n i s h f r i a r s b e c a u s e j u s t b e c a u s e he is a F i l i p i n o or I n d i o.  M e n t o r of F r. B u r g o s GOMBURZA  GOMBURZA - Filipino priests charge with se d i t i o n and treason:  MARIANO GOMEZ  JOE BURGOS  JACINTO ZAMORA  T a g g e d as t h e m a s t e r m i n d s of t h e C a v i t e M u t i n y.  T h e y w e r e s e n t e n c e d a n d w e r e pu t i n t o t r i a l a n d h a d G a r r o t e in p u b l i c on F e b r u a r y 17, 1872.  G a r r o t e - K i l l i n g s o m e o n e by s t r a n g u l a t i o n w i t h i r o n w i r e or c o r d SUMMARIZATION: FILIPINO VERSION  It is a s i m p l e m u t i n y by t h e n a t i v e F i l i p i n o s s o l d i e r s a n d l a b o r e r s of t h e C a v i t e a r s e n a l w h o t u r n e d o u t to be d i s s a t i s f i e d w i t h t h e a b o l i t i o n of t h e i r p r i v i l e g e s. SPANISH VERSION 3|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay  It is an attempt of the Indios to o v e r t h r o w th e Spanish government. UNRAVELINGTHETRUTH T h e r e w e r e a f e w b a s i c f a c t s t h a t r e m a i n e d c o n s i s t e n t a c r o s s t h e t w o n a r r a t i v e s of t h e 1872 Mu tin y:  After Gen. I z q u i e r d o re v o k e d their ri gh ts, t h e r e wa s discontent a m o n g t h e a r s e n a l w o r k e r s as w e l l as m e m b e r s of t h e n a t i v e a r m y.  Gen. Izquierdo implemented s t r i c t and rigorous rules that ca u s e d Filipinos to f l e e and turn a w a y f r o m the S p a n i s h a d m i n i s t r a t i o n in despair.  T h e C e n t r a l G o v e r n m e n t f a i l e d to c o n d u c t an i n v e s t i g a t i o n i n t o w h a t a c t u a l l y o c c u r r e d , i n s t e a d r e l y i n g on r e p o r t s f r o m I z q u i e r d o a n d t h e f r i a r s , as w e l l as p u b l i c o p i n i o n. UNRAVELINGTHE TRUTH  T h e f r i a r s ' h a p p y d a y s w e r e n u m b e r e d in 1 8 7 2 , w h e n t h e S p a n i s h C e n t r a l G o v e r n m e n t d e c i d e d to d e p r i v e t h e m of t h e i r r i g h t to e n g a g e in g o v e r n m e n t i s s u e s as w e l l as t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i o n a n d m a n a g e m e n t of s c h o o l s , c a u s i n g t h e m to m a k e d e s p e r a t e e f f o r t s to e x t e n d t h e i r s t a y a n d d o m i n a n c e.  F i l i p i n o c l e r g y m e m b e r s a c t i v e l y j o i n e d in t h e s e c u l a r i z a t i o n c a m p a i g n in o r d e r to e m p o w e r F i l i p i n o p r i e s t s to t a k e f u l l c o n t r o l of p a r i s h e s t h r o u g h o u t t h e c o u n t r y , s u b j e c t i n g t h e m to t h e f r i a r s ' w r a t h.  F i l i p i n o s w e r e a c t i v e p a r t i c i p a n t s at t h e t i m e a n d r e s p o n d e d to w h a t t h e y s a w as i n j u s t i c e s UNRAVELINGTHETRUTH  T h e e x e c u t i o n of G O M B U R Z A w a s a f a i l u r e on t h e p a r t of t h e S p a n i s h a u t h o r i t i e s , b e c a u s e it e n d e d F i l i p i n o r e s e n t m e n t a n d e n c o u r a g e d F i l i p i n o p a t r i o t s to d e m a n d r e f o r m s and e v e n t u a l i n d e p e n d e n c e. The 18 7 2 C a v i t e M u t i n y may ha v e h a d s e v e r a l s t o r i e s , b u t o n e t h i n g is c e r t a i n : it c l e a r e d t h e g r o u n d f o r a h i s t o r i c 1898. 4|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 5|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 6|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 7|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 8|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 9|Page MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 10 | P a g e MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 11 | P a g e MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY  Readings in Philippine History Paul Jey C. Maggay 12 | P a g e MIDTERM COVERAGE: Controversies in Phil History. THE CAVITE MUTINY