Untitled document (1).pdf

English Notes Phrases No subject + verb No complete meaning Part of a clause or sentence article, preposition, or noun. acts as a noun, adjective, or an adverb. EX : “A smart guy” guy is the main focus, noun + “Extremely beautiful” beautiful is the main...

English Notes Phrases No subject + verb No complete meaning Part of a clause or sentence article, preposition, or noun. acts as a noun, adjective, or an adverb. EX : “A smart guy” guy is the main focus, noun + “Extremely beautiful” beautiful is the main focus, adjective. 1. Prepositional Phrases These may act like an adjective (modify pro/nouns) or adverbs (modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) REVIEW PREPOSITIONS / “The cat __ the box” To is a preposition, except when the next word is a verb. starts with a preposition, ends with the next noun (pptl) which is called the object of preposition. 1. Participial Phrases looks like a verb, acts like an adjective starts with a participle, may include an object + modifier present - ing, past -ed must be close to the word they’re modifying object of the verbal 1. Gerund Phrases Look like a verb, acts like a noun starts with a gerund and may include an object + modifier always ends in “-ing” you can often replace the gp with words “this/that/someone/something” 1. Infinitive Phrases “to + verb” looks like a verb, acts like an adj, adv, or noun. Clauses Verb + Subject may or may not give complete meaning “She loves me.” Gives complete meaning, independent clause. “When I came back.” Incomplete thought = dependent clause. A dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction (as, before, if, when, after, so, hence, therefore, since, because, so that, etc.” Sentence Verb + Subject + Predicate (what is said about the subject) Complete meaning “She loves me.” This is also a sentence, an independent clause is a complete sentence. “Everyone is extremely beautiful.” 1. Declarative Sentence - Expresses a statement/opinion. 2. Imperative Sentence - Gives command or request. 3. Interrogative Sentence - Asks question. 4. Exclamatory Sentence - Expresses emotion.