Progressive Era Review Sheet PDF

Review Sheet: Progressive Era KEY Introduction: 1. What were the problems brought on by industrialization and Urbanization? A. Child Labor B. Meat Industry C. Political Corruption 2. Define reform. achieving greater fairness through change 3. What were the...

Review Sheet: Progressive Era KEY Introduction: 1. What were the problems brought on by industrialization and Urbanization? A. Child Labor B. Meat Industry C. Political Corruption 2. Define reform. achieving greater fairness through change 3. What were the goals of the progressives? To improve the lives of the average American by solving their social, political, and economic problems. 4. What methods were used by the progressives to meet these goals? photography, books, cartoons, magazines, protests Social Reforms: 1. Who were the leaders of the women’s rights movement? Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Carrie Chapman Catt, Alice Paul 2. What was its greatest success? th 19 Amendment: Gave women the right to vote. (W) 3. What were some examples of how African Americans were being denied equal rights in America at the turn of the century? denied voting rights, lynchings, education opportunities limited *African Americans do not achieve equality during the Progressive Era 4. What were the differences between WEB Dubois and Booker T. Washington’s goals for African Americans to achieve equality in America? Booker T. Washington argued African Americans should gradually seek equality through education and learning a trade WEB Dubois argued that African Americans should demand equal rights 5. What area did muckraker Upton Sinclair focus on in his book? disgusting conditions of the meat packing industry 6. What were Ida B. Wells’ progressive goals? end lynching in the South, equality for African Americans 7. What conditions did Jacob Riis expose in his book? What was the name of it? Tenement Living-overcrowded, dirty “How the Other Half Lives” 8. What conditions did Lewis Hine expose in his work? Child Labor-young children in the fields, mines, factories, mills who were not attending school and faced harsh working conditions 9. What were the results of his muckraking efforts? Child Labor Laws -working papers at the age of 14 -Min wage -limited hours 13. What were the results of the temperance movement? (amendment) 18th Amendment: Made alcohol illegal to make and sell. (A) Political Reforms: 1. What is a political machine? A political group that gives out favors in return for votes. 2. What types of politically corrupt things did Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall do? Stuffing the ballot/bullying people to vote for them Stealing money from the people 3. What method did Thomas Nast use to expose this political corruption? Political Cartoons- Immigrants could not read, but they could understand the meaning of the pictures. 4. What was wrong with the spoils system? Politicians giving a job to a friend or loyal supporter - bribing people for the vote means people less likely to be deserving of the position 5. How does the Civil Service Commission fix this problem? Pendleton Civil Service Act: The Civil Service Commission was set up for applicants to take a test in order to get a government job. 6. What was the focus of Lincoln Steffens work, “The Shame of the Cities? political machines /corruption in the cities 7. What other types of political reforms were created to make the government more democratic?  A. Civil Service Commission B. Initiative C. Primary D. Recall E. Referendum 8. What nickname did Teddy Roosevelt get during the Progressive Era? Why? Trustbuster for his strenuous efforts to break up industrial combinations under the Sherman Antitrust Act. 9. What was Roosevelt’s Square Deal program all about? domestic program -promise to battle large industrial combinations, or trusts *Goal: balance the interests of consumers, laborers, and business people 10. What other reforms are Teddy Roosevelt associated with? Conservation-Protected the nation’s wilderness- set aside land for parks Economic Reforms: 1. What steps did Roosevelt, Wilson and Taft take to control big business? Clayton Antitrust Act: Made trusts illegal. Interstate Commerce Act: Regulated the railroad. Pure Food and Drug Act: Made sure your food and medicine had labels and was good for the people. Sherman Antitrust Act: Made trusts illegal. 2. What was the focus of Ida Tarbell’s book? Expose the Standard Oil Trust 3. What amendment was added to the Constitution to spread the cost of running the government among more people? 16th Amendment: Tax on income (your salary) (T) 4. What was the 17th amendment? 17th Amendment: Direct election of senators (S)  5. What steps did Wilson take to reform the banking system? Reform trusts and banking- Clayton Antitrust Act Federal Reserve Act 6. What was the result of the Election of 1912? Because the Republican votes were split between the Republican Party (Taft) and the Bull Moose Party (Roosevelt)