Progressive Era Reforms

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Questions and Answers

What were the problems brought on by industrialization and Urbanization?

Political Corruption (correct)

Meat Industry (correct)

Child Labor (correct)

Define reform.

achieving greater fairness through change

What were the goals of the progressives?

To improve the lives of the average American by solving their social, political, and economic problems.

What methods were used by the progressives to meet these goals?

photography Signup and view all the answers

Who were the leaders of the women's rights movement?

Alice Paul Signup and view all the answers

What was the greatest success of the women's rights movement?

19th Amendment: Gave women the right to vote. Signup and view all the answers

What were some examples of how African Americans were being denied equal rights in America at the turn of the century?

denied voting rights, lynchings, education opportunities limited Signup and view all the answers

What were the differences between WEB Dubois and Booker T. Washington's goals for African Americans to achieve equality in America?

Booker T. Washington argued African Americans should gradually seek equality through education and learning a trade. WEB Dubois argued that African Americans should demand equal rights. Signup and view all the answers

What area did muckraker Upton Sinclair focus on in his book?

disgusting conditions of the meat packing industry Signup and view all the answers

What were Ida B. Wells' progressive goals?

end lynching in the South, equality for African Americans Signup and view all the answers

What conditions did Jacob Riis expose in his book? What was the name of it?

Tenement Living-overcrowded, dirty, "How the Other Half Lives" Signup and view all the answers

What conditions did Lewis Hine expose in his work?

Child Labor-young children in the fields, mines, factories, mills who were not attending school and faced harsh working conditions Signup and view all the answers

What were the results of Lewis Hine's muckraking efforts?

minimum wage Signup and view all the answers

What were the results of the temperance movement? (amendment)

18th Amendment: Made alcohol illegal to make and sell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a political machine?

A political group that gives out favors in return for votes. Signup and view all the answers

What types of politically corrupt things did Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall do?

bullying people to vote for them Signup and view all the answers

What method did Thomas Nast use to expose this political corruption?

Political Cartoons Signup and view all the answers

What was wrong with the spoils system?

Politicians giving a job to a friend or loyal supporter - bribing people for the vote means people less likely to be deserving of the position Signup and view all the answers

How does the Civil Service Commission fix this problem?

Pendleton Civil Service Act: The Civil Service Commission was set up for applicants to take a test in order to get a government job. Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Lincoln Steffens work, “The Shame of the Cities”?

political machines /corruption in the cities Signup and view all the answers

What other types of political reforms were created to make the government more democratic?

Initiative Signup and view all the answers

What nickname did Teddy Roosevelt get during the Progressive Era? Why?

Trustbuster for his strenuous efforts to break up industrial combinations under the Sherman Antitrust Act. Signup and view all the answers

What was Roosevelt's Square Deal program all about?

domestic program-promise to battle large industrial combinations, or trusts, *Goal: balance the interests of consumers, laborers, and business people Signup and view all the answers

What other reforms are Teddy Roosevelt associated with?

Conservation-Protected the nation's wilderness- set aside land for parks. Signup and view all the answers

What steps did Roosevelt, Wilson and Taft take to control big business?

Interstate Commerce Act Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Ida Tarbell's book?

Expose the Standard Oil Trust Signup and view all the answers

What amendment was added to the Constitution to spread the cost of running the government among more people?

16th Amendment: Tax on income (your salary) Signup and view all the answers

What was the 17th amendment?

17th Amendment: Direct election of senators Signup and view all the answers

What steps did Wilson take to reform the banking system?

Reform trusts and banking - Clayton Antitrust Act, Federal Reserve Act Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Election of 1912?

Because the Republican votes were split between the Republican Party (Taft) and the Bull Moose Party (Roosevelt) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction

Industrialization and urbanization caused problems like child labor, a corrupt meat industry, and political corruption.
Reform aims to achieve greater fairness through change.
Progressives sought to improve the lives of average Americans by addressing social, political, and economic issues.
Progressives used various methods, including photography, books, cartoons, magazines, and protests.

Key figures in the women's rights movement include Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Carrie Chapman Catt, and Alice Paul.
The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote.
African Americans faced denial of equal rights, including voting rights, lynchings, and limited educational opportunities, at the turn of the 20th century.

Political Reforms

A political machine is a political group that rewards support with favors.
Tammany Hall and Boss Tweed engaged in corruption, including ballot stuffing, bullying voters, and misappropriating funds.
Thomas Nast used political cartoons to expose political corruption.
The spoils system, where politicians rewarded supporters with jobs, was problematic due to the possible lack of merit.
The Pendleton Civil Service Act aimed to address this through a merit-based system.
Lincoln Steffens's work, "The Shame of the Cities," focused on political corruption in urban areas.
Other reforms aimed to improve governance.

Economic Reforms

Roosevelt, Wilson, and Taft sought to control big business.
The Clayton Antitrust Act, Interstate Commerce Act, and Pure Food and Drug Act were implemented.
Ida Tarbell's work exposed the Standard Oil Trust.
The 16th Amendment introduced federal income tax.
The 17th Amendment established the direct election of senators.
Wilson reformed the banking system with the Federal Reserve Act.

Other

Other muckrakers, like Upton Sinclair (meatpacking), Ida B. Wells (lynching), and Jacob Riis ("How the Other Half Lives"), exposed societal issues.
Child labor was a significant concern, and legislation was introduced and enacted to limit hours and employment.
The temperance movement's result was the 18th Amendment, which made alcohol illegal.
The election of 1912 resulted in a split in Republican votes between Taft and Roosevelt, weakening the party's strength.

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Description

Explore the key social and political reforms of the Progressive Era, focusing on figures like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Learn about the fight for women's rights, the challenges faced by African Americans, and the corruption within political machines. This quiz will test your knowledge of the major changes during this transformative period in American history.