RAATI Comprehensive Exam PDF

RAATI COMPREHENSIVE EXAM BRAVO 2ND PLATOON LEADER PUP ROTC UNIT CORPS OF CADET - C/PVT VINCE BENEDICT R GAPASIN 4CL CORPS COMMANDER COMMANDANT - C/COL PETER JOSHUA F FRONDOZO 1CL - MAJ JOVEN B PUYONGAN (INF) PA DEPU...

RAATI COMPREHENSIVE EXAM BRAVO 2ND PLATOON LEADER PUP ROTC UNIT CORPS OF CADET - C/PVT VINCE BENEDICT R GAPASIN 4CL CORPS COMMANDER COMMANDANT - C/COL PETER JOSHUA F FRONDOZO 1CL - MAJ JOVEN B PUYONGAN (INF) PA DEPUTY CORPS COMMANDER ASSISTANT COMMANDANT CORPS PERSONNEL OFFICER(S1) - MAJ IREL V ALMANON (RES) PA CORPS OPERATION OFFICER(S2) CORPS LOGISTIC OFFICER (S4) NSTP DIRECTOR - C/LTC KAREN M DIMACULANGAN 1CL - ROVELINA B JACOLBIA CORPS ADJUTANT ADMIN NCO CORPS PROVOST MARSHAL OFFICER (5) - CPL RENIEL M VERRALO (INF) PA CORPS CIVIL MILITARY OFFICER (7) - C/MAJ KYAN KATHLEEN DELA ROSA 2CL CHAIN OF COMMAND COLOR COMMANDER - C/MAJ RUT G CANTOS 2CL COMMANDER IN CHIEF - FERDINAND ROMUALDEZ MARCOS ALPHA COMPANY COMMANDER - C/2LT GYELLE VINCENT MONTEFALCON JR BARTOLAZO 4CL SECRETARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE ALPHA EXECUTIVE OFFICER - HON GILBERT C TEODORO JR - C/2LT ANGELIKA JANE R DATIO 4CL CHIEF OF STAF, AFP ALPHA GUIDON BEARER - GEN ROMEO S BRAWNER JR PA - C/2LT JEFFERSON G CALAG 4CL COMMANDING GENERAL PHILIPPINE ARMY BRAVO COMPANY COMMNANDER - LTGEN ROY M GALIDO PA - C/2LT EDHMARX DE CASTRO MACASINAG 4CL GROUP COMMANDER, NCRRCDG,RCPA BRAVO EXECUTIVE OFFICER - COL FERDINAND REY G GA - C/2LT JEROME LEE G CALAG 4CL MNSA(ART) PA BRAVO GUIDON BEARER - C/PVT JOHN CARLO R TABURA 4CL ALPHA 1ST PLATOON LEADER - C/PVT KOBE B DELA CRUZ 4CL ALPHA 2ND PLATOON LEADER - C/PVT MON GABRIELL C FLORES 4CL BRAVO 1ST PLATOON LEADER - C/PVT JOHN RAYMOND S PAITAN 4CL LEGAL BASIS (RA 7077/ RA 9163) 22 JUN 1898 – THE PHILIPPINE NAVY WAS CREATED BY THE REVOLUTIONARY REPUBLIC ACT RA 7077 ARMY. - The Citizen Armed Force of the THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN HOSTILITIES Philippines Reservist Act, approved by BETWEEN 1898 AND 1899 FURTHER President Aquino in 1991, establishes DEMONSTRATED THE FILIPINO the legal basis for its development, SOLDIERS BEST IN TERMS OF HONOR, administration, organization, training, VALOR, LOYALTY, DUTY AND SOLIDARITY DESPITE THE maintenance, and utilization. OVERWHELMING SUPERIORITY OF THE ENEMY FORCES. REPUBLIC ACT RA 9163 08 AUG 1901 – AN INSULAR POLICE - The National Service Training FORCE KNOWN AS THE PHILIPPPINE Program (NSTP) Act of 2001 amends CONSTABULARY, WAS ORGANIZED. RA 7077 to establish a program for 07 FEB 1905 – THE PHILIPPINE MILITARY Tertiary Level Students, promoting ACADEMY (PMA) WAS ESTABLISHED. civic consciousness and patriotism among the youth. 21 DEC 1935 – THE NATIONAL DEFENSE ACT WAS ENACTED OFFICIALLY TO CREATE THE AFP. AFP ORGANIZATION THE DEFENSE OF BATAAN AND CORREGIDOR FROM THE OUTBREAK OF BRIEF HISTORY WORLD WAR II UNTIL 09 APR & O6 MAY 1942 RESPECTIVELY AGAINST THE 27 APR 1521 - “THE BATTLE OF MACTAN” JAPANESE INVASION, THE ACTIVE PHIL WHERE LAPU-LAPU, THE GUERILLA MOVEMENT & THE ACKNOWLEDGE FATHER OF THE AFP, SUCCESSFUL ANTI-HUK CAMPAIGN FIRST SIGNALED OUR LOVED FOR ALSO BEST EXEMPLIFIED THE FILIPINOS FREEDOM. SOLDIERS HEROISM & LOVE OF “THE DAGOHOY REVOLT” – IN 1744, COUNTRY. THE MUSLIM RESISTANCE & OTHER 01 JUL 1947 – THE PHIL AIR FORCE WAS SIMILAR UPRISINGS AGAINST SPANISH ESTABLISHED. COLONIALISM WHIHC CONTINUE OUR THE AFP HAD PARTICIPATED IN FIGHT AGAINST DOMINATION. INTERNATIONAL PEACE KEEPING 07 JUL 1892 – THE FOUNDING OF THE EFFORTS AS ITS COMMITMENT TO THE KATIPUNAN BY ANDRES BONIFACIO, UNITED NATIONS SUCH AS: THE PHIL CONSIDERED AS THE FATHER OF THE EXPIDITIONARY FORCE TO KOREA PHIL ARMY, WHICH EXEMPLIFIED (PEFTOK) IN THE EARLY 50’s; THE PHIL FILIPINO SOLIDARITY. AIR FORCE CONTINGENT IN CONGO, 22 MAR 1897 – THE TEJEROS AFRICA IN THE EARLY 60’s; AND THE CONVENTION PROCLAIMED OFFICIALLY PHIL CIVIC ACTION GROUP (PHICAG) IN OUR DESIRE FOR COMPLETE SOUTH VIETNAM IN THE 60’s. INDEPENDENCE AND GAVE BIRTH TO 22 – 25 FEB 1986 – THE AFP HAS THE PHIL ARMY. VIGOROUSLY PURSUED A NATIONAL 12 JUN 1898 – THE INDEPENDENCE WAS RECONCILIATION EFFORT FOR PEACE DECLARED AT KAWIT, CAVITE & FOR THE AND PROGRESS. FIRST TIME THE PHIL FLAG WAS FURLED & OUR NATIONAL ANTHEM WAS PLAYED. AFP FUNCTIONS ORGANIZATION AND Deputy Chief of Staff, AFP (DCSAFP) MISSION Chief of the AFP Joint and Special (Administrative and Technical) at GHQ is one REGULAR FORCE who exercises general supervision of GHQ. The standing army, comprising regular officers, Joint Staff, AFP (JSAFP) enlisted personnel, reserve officers, and NCOs, General staff of the AFP composed of is the country's standing army used to combat heads of different Joint Staf is f offices and the internal and external security threats. DCSAFP has general supervision over them. RESERVE FORCE The AFP Joint Staff The following are the prime For the times of war or state of national responsibility of the AFP Joint Staff; emergency and widespread rebellion and state DCS for Personnel, J1 – The Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, J1 assist the CSAFP in the of lawlessness attainment of AFP personnel objectives, to include command and staff, direction, coordination, control, recruitment and retention of Officers and Soldiers, as well as civilian employees. DCS for Intelligence, J2 – Responsible for Mission of the AFP the formulation of intelligence policies, plans and “To protect the people and secure the programs, and exercise control over all military sovereignty of the state and the integrity of the intelligence units/offices in the AFP. national territory” DCS for Operation, J3 – Responsible for planning, coordination and supervision of all FUNCTION OF THE AFP operations of the AFP. DCS for Logistics, J4 – Advises the CSAFP on matters pertaining to logistical needs of the AFP armed forces uphold sovereignty, support the units, to include the supervision, coordination and Constitution, defend the country, promote evaluation of the approved plans, policies and national aims, and perform other duties as procedures pertaining to logistics. assigned by law or higher authority. DCS for Plans, J5 – In charge with the preparation of long range policies and plans of the THE GENERAL HEADQUATERS AFP. DCS for Civil Military Operation, J6 – Chief of Staff, AFP (CSAFP) Assist and advises the CSAFP on the conduct of The Commanding General of AFP, civil relation activities of the AFP and build up strong responsible for military strategy and operations, home defense in all areas of the country. DCS for Retirees & Reserve Force Development, executes President's commands and advises J7 – Plans and formulate policies pertaining to the the Secretary of National Defense on the development of all Reservist and Retirees of the National Security Program. AFP Vice Chief of Staff, AFP (VCSAFP) Designated Deputy Commanding General of the AFP is the one who assists the Chief of Staff, AFP and performs the duty of Chief of Staff, AFP in his absence. THE SPECIAL STAFF The Chief Nurse, AFP (CNAFP) – Assist the The Special Staff of the AFP is consist of two CSAFP in the formulation of policies and in the (2) staff groups which advises the CSAFP on planning, coordination and supervision of all matters matters pertaining to their specialized fields of pertaining to the Nurse Corps, AFP and Nursing service or activity. Service. The Quarter Master Graves Registration The Adjutant General (TAG) – Maintains Company (QMSGRC) – Provides service for the and manages official records of the AFP. proper disposition of deceased AFP personnel and the operation and maintenance of AFP, cemeteries. The Provost Marshall General (TPMG) – Advise the CSAFP on promulgation/enforcement of The Chief of Engineers (TCE) – Supervise all laws, orders and regulations for maintenance of construction required for the National defense order and discipline. including land and seacoast. Defenses the maintenance of such construction and operation of Chief Special Services (CSS) - The all utilities, except those that may be specially, Special Service plans and supervises programs to assigned to other services by the CSAFP direct all develop and maintain the physical and mental works pertaining to the design and construction of well-being of the personnel and provide buildings, structure, airfields, land and seacoast entertainment sport and recreational activities for the defense and utilities of the AFP. AFP. Chief Historical Activities – The Chief Military THE UNIFIED AREA COMMAND history plans, coordinates, supervise and executes The Unified Area Command, composed the historical programs of the AFP. of ground, air force, and naval Chief Chaplain Service (C, CHS) – The C, CHS components, is organized by AFP GHQ advises the Chief of Staff, AFP on religious moral to address specific peace and order character guidance in the AFP. issues in specific areas. Chief, AFP Management Information Center (C, AFPMIC) – Provide management information necessary in the formulation of the policies and in Northern Luzon Command, AFP (NOLCOM) decision making, particularly for strategic planning, operations and management control areas. Southern Luzon Command, AFP (SOLCOM) The Judge Advocate General (T, JAG) – Serves as the Chief Law Officer of the AFP (Military Visayas Command, AFP (VISCOM) Establishment) and the Chief legal adviser of the Secretary of national defense on military matters, he Western Command, AFP (VISCOM) supervises the system military justice throughout the AFP. Southern Command, AFP (SOUTHCOM) 1. Eastern Mindanao Command The Surgeon General (TSG) – Plans coordinates, and supervise all activities of the Medical Service for (EASTMINCOM) the C of S, AFP to achieve maximum result for 2. Western Mindanao Command efficient service. (WESTMINCOM) The Chief Communication Electronics (TCCE) – Assist the CSAFP in the formulation of policies, preparation of plans and supervision of communication-electronics activities of the AFP. Address the security threats in: The Chief Dental Services (TCDS) – Plans, - Seat of the National Government coordinates and supervises the activities of the AFP - Metro Manila Area Dental Service for the CSAFP.  - Southern Luzon in Lucena City, Ø Conduct research, develop doctrines, Batangas procedures, tactics, techniques and - Visayas region in Cebu City, Cebu organizations; and procure weapons. - Western Philippines and South China Ø Develop, supply, equip, and maintain bases Sea and other installations including lines of - Puerto Prinsesa City, Palawan communications. - Mainland Mindanao and the Philippines’ Ø Operationally assist each other in the southern Islands successful accomplishment of their respective - Zamboanga City functions. AFP-Wide Support & Separate Units PHILIPPINE ARMY (AFPSSUs) Mission a. AFP Logistics Commands (AFPLC) “To recognize, train, equip and provide Army b. Intelligence Service AFP (ISAFP) forces for the conduct of prompt and sustained c. AFP Medical Center (AFPMC) security operations independently or jointly with d. Philippine Military Academy (PMA) other AFP units in order to accomplish the AFP e. AFP Joint Command and Staff College mission.” (AFPJCSC) f. Communication Electronics and Information The organization prepares land forces for System Service AFP (CEISSAFP) ground war prosecution, organizing, training, g. AFP Centralized Construction center (AFPCCC) and equipping army forces into infantry h. AFP Research and Development Center divisions, Engineer Brigades, Light Armor (AFPRDC) Brigades, Special Forces Regiments, and Scout i. AFP Finance Center (AFPFC) Ranger Regiments. j. AFP Dental Service (AFPDS) k. Commissary and Exchange Service PHILIPPINE AIR FORCE (AFPCES) Mission l. AFP Mapping Center (AFPMC) m. Civil Relations Service (CRS) “To conduct of prompt and sustained air n. AFP Reserve Command (AFPRESCOM) operations in order to accomplish the AFP o. Presidential Security Group (PSG) p. Office of Ethical Standard and Public mission.” Accountability (OESPA) The organization prepares air forces for war prosecution, utilizing three air divisions, a THE AFP MAJOR SERVICES heavy airlift, helicopter, fighter, strike, and several air bases, along with PAF support units. Common Functions of AFP Major Services PHILIPPINE NAVY Ø Ensure that the Major Service Reserve The Philippine Navy, comprising the Forces are in a high state of readiness. Philippine Marine Corps, Naval Fleets, Coast Ø Provide adequate, timely, and reliable service Guard, Naval Districts, and various PN-Wide intelligence for AFP. support and separate commands, is responsible Ø Organize, train and equip necessary forces for sustained sea operations. for assignment to the unified area commands. Ø Prepare and submit AFP the budget for their Army Reserve Command (ARESCOM) respective services approved by the Department of National Defense. Vision “A competent trainor and a committed Citizen-Army builder” Mission “To develop, organize, train. equip, provide and administer a highly mobilizable Reserve Force as an integral component of the total Army in the defense of the state and to participate in socio-economic activities” The organization aims to integrate Army reservist units into the Philippine Army for national emergencies and state defense, develop strategies for Reserve Force Operation, and perform other tasks as directed by higher headquarters. AFP COMPONENTS The AFP has two (2) major components, namely: The Regular and Reserve Component. REGULAR COMPONENTS Consist of all standing forces as directed by the What is AFP? President. The President may attach to the standing forces or may assigned to duty with any component The Philippine Armed Forces (AFP), comprising of the standing forces such members of reserves the Philippine Army, Navy, and Air Force, is officers and trainees as he may deemed necessary. responsible for safeguarding the people and defending the nation's sovereignty. RESERVE COMPONENTS Consist of numbers of the reserve AFP Core Values unit in the major services of the AFP wide-support - 5 AFP Core Values and separate units and affiliated reserve units as the Honor, Loyalty, Valor, Duty, Solidarity President may authorize. The organization, Reserve Land, Sea and Air Units, shall in so far as practicable, be that of the presentable of 1. Honor organization and equipment (TOE) or table of - Honor is a crucial value for soldiers, distribution (TD) of the unit forces of the major promoting dignity, worth, and integrity services. through truthfulness, sincerity, honesty, credibility, and integrity, which are essential for being remembered. 2. Loyalty - Loyal to our nation and obey and respect the constitution while careful in  supporting the chain of command and - The salute is a military courtesy, executed by orders of those legally appointed over us. raising the right hand until the forefinger 3. Valor touches the eyebrow or headgear brim. It - Personal bravery the ability to overcome involves extended palms, horizontal upper arm, and a return salute. fear which enables soldiers to c with arry out their missions that may seem RULES IN RENDERING THE SALUTE impossible. The courage, calmness and presence of mind while under pressure 1. The salute is required on the military installation, 4. Duty during and outside office hours. - Having the value of obedience and 2. The salute is rendered at a distance of standard execution despite difficulty and about six (6) paces which is the saluting distance or danger. Personal act of responsibility in about thirty (30) paces which is the recognition carrying out assigned tasks to the best of distance, while the reporting distance is three (3) your capabilities paces. 5. Solidarity 3. The salute must returned by those entitled - It is the unity among individuals and what to it. The salute is not rendered while running; it is binds the rest of comrades- -arm in s either rendered at halt or at walk. 4. It is not proper to salute with a cigarette, which makes the group strong and cigar, pipe or other articles. unified. 5. The salute is rendered only but once if the senior remains in the vicinity and no conservation take place, the junior salutes again when they part. PEOPLE WHO ARE ENTITLED TO THE Military Courtesy and Discipline MILITARY SALUTE Courtesy in military life is crucial for a. All commissioned officers of the AFP, both male and female. maintaining discipline and orderliness, as it b. All commissioned officers of the Armed involves good manners and politeness, Force of allied nations only. ensuring respect and order within the c. Civilian high officials and foreign dignitaries organization. during military parade and honors MILITARY COURTESY DEFINED WHEN TO SALUTE: ONE SALUTE UNDER THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS a. It is the expression and manifestation of consideration for others. a. When meeting a senior officer. b. It is a special act and ceremonial b. When the national colors passes by. procedure which is required of the members of the c. When the national anthem is being played. military service. d. When reporting. c. It is an act of politeness, civility and e. After conversing with an officer. respect to the personnel of the d. Military organizations accord to one WHEN NOT TO SALUTE another. a. While at work – if a cadet is working and is FORMS OF COURTESY called by an officer, the cadet stops working, reports to the officer and salutes. However if he was not called by the officer he does not have to salute. THE SALUTE  b. Standing by a horse or leading a horse – a d. Is generally indicated in an individual or unit cadet who is standing beside or pulling a horse he by smartness of appearance or action, cleanliness does not salute however, if he is mounted on the of dress, equipment or quarters. horse then, he must salute. e. Is the individual or group attitude that c. When indoors – a cadet does not salute ensures the prompt obedience to orders and indoors except when reporting to an officer or when initiation of appropriate actions in the absence of the cadet is on duty or acting as the sentinel. orders. d. When carrying articles on both hands– or f. Is the condition that exists when a man being occupied making saluting impractical. accepts organizational control over his behavior. e. When riding in a fast moving vehicle – and the others is dismounted, the salute is not rendered. WAYS TO DEVELOP MILITARY DISCIPLINE The exception to this is when the vehicle is clearly marked as HQ to indicate a General Officer, and a. REWARDS OR AWARDS – are positive when saluting is part of the ceremony. The markings incentives in exalting obedience and which is given of the General are normally seen with HQ or stars. to deserving personnel. b. TEAMWORK – is an orderly and effective MISTAKES IN SALUTING group action brought about by military discipline. a. Bowing the head as the salute is given. c. MILITARY DRILLS – are primary means to b. Bringing the hand down before the develop military discipline. acknowledgement. d. PUNISHMENT – is one of the methods of c. Holding arm awkwardly high or sagging imposing discipline in a command. too low. d. Saluting while double timing. ASPECTS OF DISCIPLINE e. Avoid the gaze of person being a. Punishment saluted. b. Obedience f. Saluting with cigar/ cigarette or pipe in c. Self-Control – the most constructive form of the mouth. military discipline which involves personal g. Saluting when chewing gum or candy responsibility that goes beyond the threat of in the mouth. punishment or mere obedience. MILITARY DISCIPLINE MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE Discipline is essential in all aspects of life, - The most important aspect in including military organizations. Cadets learn a correspondence is to convey the message to the sense of obligation to themselves, comrades, receiver or reader in a conversational manner. commanders, and their organization, aiming for efficiency in battle. Discipline is the greatest factor DEFINITION OF TERMS distinguishing the Armed Forces from other 1. Correspondence - is a written communication organizations, leading to more severe punishments which conveys information and ideas to the for lapses. Without discipline, an armed mob would reader or addressee not exist, and discipline is crucial for maintaining the 2. Military Correspondence - a military integrity of the Armed Forces. communication that concerns almost every subject composed mostly of letters, endorsements and MILITARY DISCIPLINE DEFINED messages. a. Is the state of order and obedience within a command CHARACTERISTICS OF CORRESPONDENCE b. It is the mental attitude and state of training 1. Accuracy - Information cited in a letter must be which renders the obedience and proper conduct factual; based on the statement of true instinctive under all conditions. facts. c. Is primarily developed by military drill. 2. Brevity - Letter must be brief; short as possible but must contain important details prepared in logical order b. USAGE - It is used for the 3. Clarity - easy understanding, the words are correspondence with the Major Services as well as simple and common to the reader the 4. Dignity - must command respect and should AFPWSSUs/UCs. reflect authority c. STYLE - It is dignified, direct and accurate; the tone is formal and courteous; MEANS OF COMMUNICATIONS nicknames are avoided. 1. Personal contact or through d. SIZE OF THE PAPER - A4 (8.27”x11.69”) telecommunications, electronic mail, SMS, MMS, e. FONT & FONT SIZE - Arial, 12 digital and social communications such as: Viber, f. MARGIN Messenger, Skype, WhatsApp, and other Top – 0.75 inch from the top edge of the means of communications. paper. 2. Official written communication is more Top – (second page) 1.25 inch from the top preferable than electronic means such as STLs, edge of the paper. SDFs, DFs, Radio Message, Written Report formats, Left – 1.25 inch Military, Civilian, Endorsement Letters Right – 0.75 inch and Memoranda. Bottom – 1.25 inch 3. Direct Communication with Headquarters of g. PLACEMENT Major Services, Major Commands or separate units 1) Heading and address – upper third of the communicate directly with offices/units of the sheet of paper General Headquarters, AFP on subject matters 2) Body of the Letter – lower two-thirds of the concerning solely of activities of the headquarters. sheet 4. Routing Through Channels - the routing of 3) Complimentary Ending – it follows the communication through commands, units or body of the letter offices expected to exercise control, take action or h. THREE MAIN ELEMENTS OF A LETTER be concerned with the subject matter. 1) HEADING – All of the 5. Prompt Reply - A communication should be materials/information above the first line of the body answered promptly. In the case of unusual comprise the delay, an acknowledgement should be made to heading. (Letterhead/Office of Origin, File include the date when the reply was forwarded Reference, Date, Subject, Channels, Address of the recipient, Attention address) CLASSIFICATION OF CORRESPONDENCE 2) BODY – The message itself, the (Whether Military or Non-Military) substance of the letter (References, Date/Time, Paragraphing/Numbering, Abbreviations) 1. FORMAL (Letter and Indorsement) 3) COMPLIMENTARY ENDING – This refers 2. INFORMAL (Df, Rs, Radio Message) to the information located below the last 3. MISCELLANEOUS (Conference Minutes, Briefing paragraph of the body (Command or Authority Line, Notes / Kits, After Conference Report, Signature, List of enclosures, Copies Memorandum) furnished to other offices FORMAL CORRESPONDENCE 2. ENDORSEMENT LETTER: a. DEFINITION - A reply or a forwarding 1. MILITARY LETTER (SUBJECT-TO-LETTER) statement added to a military letter. Endorsements a. DEFINITION - The accepted format in show facts relative to a definite case stated in the corresponding with other commands both on and off basic letter. As to content, an the post, addressed to the Commander of higher endorsement is meant to furnish information, headquarters or to the subordinate units. As comment or recommendation on the matter at much as practicable, the body should be short Hand. enough to fit the two (2) pages.  b. USAGE - When required as a prescribed format or by the addressee, otherwise, the MISCELLANEOUS correspondence would take the form of a civilian 1. MINUTES OF CONFERENCE - The official letter or military letter whichever is written record of a meeting. Minutes serve Appropriate. as a permanent record of the topics considered, c. SIZE OF THE PAPER - A4 (8.27”x11.69”) conclusions reached, actions taken, d. FONT & FONT SIZE - Arial/12 and assignments given. e. MARGIN: 2. DOT POINT BRIEF - It is a short summation of Top – 0.75 inch from the top edge of the paper. the key point that you want to Top – (second page) 1.25 inch from the top edge of present/brief. the paper. 3. AFTER CONFERENCE REPORT – A written Left – 1.25 inch report rendered by individual who have Right – 0.75 inch attended a conference informing his/her Bottom – 1.25 inch Commander on what transpired during the f. ELEMENTS OF ENDORSEMENT LETTER: conference. The report includes who is the Presiding 1) HEADING (Number, File Reference, Officer, the attendees, the matters Identification of Subject, Designation of discussed and the result/action or recommendations Originating Office, Date, Designation of Addressee) 4. MEMORANDUM- The prescribed publication 2) BODY - The body of an endorsement are pertaining to matters that are directive, prepared in the same way as the military advisory or informative in nature, the term of which Letter. either is temporary or permanent in 3) COMPLIMENTARY CLOSE - The duration complimentary close of an endorsement letter is prepared in the same way as the military letter. g. CONTINUATION PAGES - For continuation pages, if any, the file reference endorsement number, date and subject are written. 7 RULES OF THE ARMY WRITING STYLE The rules pertaining of dividing materials between 1. Put the main point up-front (B-L-U-F) pages in military letter shall apply. 2. Write short paragraphs. 3. Write short papers. (1 to 2 pages long) INFORMAL CORRESPONDENCE 4. Prefer active sentence 5. Use mostly short, conversational words. 1. DISPOSITION FORM (DF): A means of 6. Write short sentence. (average of 15 words) communication among staff offices and between 7. Be correct, credible and complete. the staff offices and the Commander. THE 15 – 15 – 1 – 2 RULE USAGE: Applicable for the following purposes: - Writing should not have more than 15 1) Giving instruction; percent long words. 2) Transmitting orders, policy, advice of - Your sentences should average around 15 information; words in length. 3) Requesting action, instruction, policy, - Paragraph should not be more than 1-inch opinion; deep. 4) Tracing action of check or follow-up - Paper should not be over 2 pages long. implementation of orders; and 5) Recording comment, coordination and ON THE BODY OF CORRESPONDENCE recommendations including a brief summary - “Effective army writing transmits a clear when action recommended is prepared for approval message in a single rapid reading and its and signature of a higher generally free of errors in grammar, mechanics and commander. word usages “ 2. ROUTING SLIP - A slip of paper that specifies a - “Good army writing is concise, organized and route for the documents to circulate. right to the point “  - A tribute by Gen Douglas McArthur whe MILITARY JUSTICE SYSTEM he claimed:”Give me 20,000 Filipino Soldier and i’ll conquer the world” HUMAN RIGHTS TRADITIONS OF DUTY - As a dedicated public servant CIVIL MILITARY OPERATION (CMO) - Deep sense of responsibility - Self-sacrifice RANKS, RATES,RATING,UNIFORM INSIGNIA TRADITION OF HONOR - Personal dignity - Self-worth - Supreme sacrifice to win freedom TRADITION OF SOLIDARITY - UNITY - Work together through thick and thin - Work as a part of the team - Partner of the people to attain national objectives TRADITION OF LOYALTY - LOYALTY SHOWN TO - The nation - The constitution - The commander in chief - Seniors - Peers - Juniors CUSTOMS Accepted practices realized through continued usage that take the force and effect of a Common Law.​ MILITARY CUSTOMS Salute MILITARY CUSTOMS AND TRADITION - (Definition) Flag Raising Ceremony - honor to the flag. TRADITON OF VALOR Flag Retreat Ceremony - Gallant defense of Bataan and - sound of evening gun. Corregidor against the Japanes Imperial The Three Volley Over Graves Army  - Sign of respect and gestures of outside his major service farewell to a departed customarily call on his Major comrade-in-arms. Service Commander. The White Flag of Truce Upon arrival or departure, - Signal of temporary cessation of officers from overseas hostilities. mission or foreign schooling The Wearing of Decorations pay a call to their respective - Display of honorably earned Major Service Commander. decorations in the performance of Officers assuming foreign post duty as part of their uniform. or coming back from such The Raising of Right Hand in the Oath assignment call on the Chief Courtesy of the Post of Staff and the Secretary of An officer of any of the armed services National Defense. visiting at a military post or one who resides in its vicinity is often extended the “Courtesy of the Post” Officers assuming command by the commanding officer after the prescribed positions or similar key official call has been made. It includes the privilege positions call on their of accommodation at the Officer’s Mess if the visit is immediate commanders, for short duration and the privilege of membership, including Major Service if the stay in the vicinity is extended. Commander. They do the same prior to a transfer or relief from duty. ◆ Presentation of Recruits to Colors Newly promoted officers – Recruits are presented to the colors customarily call on their Major for the purpose of signifying Service Commanders. Usually acceptance and welcome into the done in groups of the same organization. rank. ◆ Farewell Tendered to a Departing Officer Senior officers who are the – A reception or other suitable unit subject of all these calls may function, is usually given by the unit’s be extremely busy to attend or officers and ladies in honor of the receive callers. It is always a departing officer and his family. sign of courtesy and goodwill ◆ Ceremony Tendered to a Retiree to have manifested an intention to pay such a call. – In recognition of his long, faithful and honorable service to the AFP. Officers assuming command positions or similar key ◆ Trumpet or Bugle Calls positions call on their – The sounds of these calls rejuvenate immediate commanders, every system of a soldiers body to including Major Service continue performing the things as Commander. They do the signaled by each call. same prior to a transfer or ◆ Courtesy Calls relief from duty. – The following are some of the Newly promoted officers significant courtesy calls in the customarily call on their Major military: Service Commanders. Usually An officer who has been done in groups of the same rank. detailed outside of and is rejoining his major service or Senior officers who are the has been reassigned to units subject of all these calls may  be extremely busy to attend or – Children of the org. are given gifts receive callers. It is always a and entertained. sign of courtesy and goodwill ◆ Rank Has Its Privilege (RHIP) to have manifested an intention to pay such a call. – Whenever a choice is to be made, ◆ Call of Newly Promoted Generals/ Flag such as selection of billets or quarters or electing means of Officers transportation, the option of selection – Officers promoted to star ranks call follows rank, with the senior given on the Major Service Commanders, the privilege to select first. Chief of Staff, AFP and the Secretary ◆ Visiting the Sick of National Defense after taking oath of office before the – A military personnel who is sick in the Commander-in-Chief. hospital is visited by available officers – Calls on the major Service and EPs of the unit if permitted by the doctor in order that his needs are Commanders are usually attended. accompanied by some arrival and departure honors. ◆ Survivor Assistance to Bereaved Family ◆ New Years Call on the Commanding – When any member of a unit dies, an officer is immediately designated by the CO to render any Officer possible assistance to the bereaved family. – Officers make a formal call upon their CO during the New Year’s day. ◆ I wish” and “I desire” Statement – This wish or desire has all the force of direct ◆ Happy Hour order. – A special form of unit officer ◆ Place of honor comradeship which has been – The place of honor is on the right. developing and spreading in recent – Accordingly, when a junior walks, years. rides, or sits with a senior he takes – Officers gather at their local club for a position abreast and to the left of the beer and conversation. Usually held senior. on Fridays. ◆ Use of the Word “Sir” or “Ma’am” ◆ Military Weddings – It is used in military conversation by – These customs are generally the the junior officer in addressing the same for all faiths. They vary only a senior, and by all soldiers in chaplains of one different churches addressing officers. incorporate other procedures to add – It precedes a report, a query, and color and tone. follows the answer of a question. ◆ Patronage of the Officer’s Club and EP’s Club House THE OFFICER’S CODE – Enables officers and EPs to spend their off duty ◆ Official Statements social and recreational life in said centers. – An officer’s official statement, ◆ Ceremonies at Holiday Dinners whether written or unwritten without – Practice during Christmas and New reservation, making false official Year’s day, in which the CO visits statement is not only contrary to troops during meal time or prior to military ethics but is also punishable the serving of the meal. under the Articles of War. ◆ Christmas Holiday Entertainment ◆ Responsibilities  – It is an officer’s duty to prepare himself professionally for higher responsibilities. Spanish Occupation – The rank of an officer carries with it Rajah Soliman: Muslim leader commensurate responsibilities. - year 1570: he resisted the spaniards – When he accepts commission, it is efforts to land in manila. his duty to prepare himself for higher - year 1571: Legaspi conquered manila responsibilities. and made it as the capital of the Philippines. ◆ Tact and Foresight – An officer must not only discreet in Diego Silang: displayed his exemplary the exercise of his duties but must military leadership style and tactic in be prepared to perform his task defeating the spaniards. skillfully under all circumstances. Filipino soldiers were also organized to fight for spain and to support some expedition. ◆ Personal Appearance Marcel H. De Pilar, Graceano Lopez Jaena – An officer at all times appears neat and Jose Rizal: Famous propagandist their and clean. works nurtured the national spirit. Nothing destroys the respect and confidence of Andres Bonifacio: Father of the Philippine subordinates than the shabbiness of their superiors. Army ◆ Welfare of Enlisted Men - founder of "Katipunan" on 7 July 1892 – The welfare of the enlisted men and 23 August 1896: The Cry of Pugad Lawin signaled the start of the Philippine Revolution their families should be the against spain paramount concern of an officer. Magdalo led by Aguinaldo and yhe Magdiwang led by Bonifacio 22 March 1897: Tejeros Convention resolved conflict between 2 factions MILITARY TERMS AND Aguinaldo won the Residency and this PHRASEOLOGIES occasion also gave birth to Philippine Army MILITARY ORDINANCE CORE VALUES OF DEVELOPMENT SELF DEVELOPMENT PHILIPPINE MILITARY HISTORY Perceived Self - is composed of a set of self-cognitions regarding one’s traits, Pre - Spanish Occupation competencies and values. It is reinforced First recorded organized resistance against through feedback. foreign aggressor - during the Battle f mactan The Ideal Self - represents the set of traits, - when: 2 April 1521 competencies and values an individual would - where: Visayas like to possess. - Lapu-Lapu: father of AFP Self Identities - are those aspects of the - summary: lapu-lapu fought against individual’s self-concept that are derived from spaniards led by Magellan. the social categories to which he or she - the foreigners lost in the battle and perceives him/herself as belonging to. Social Magellan was killed. identities link individuals to reference groups,  which establish a set of role expectations and norms that guide the individual’s behavior within Socio-cultural theory (Russian psychologist each of the social identities. Lev Vygotsky) - proposes that a full understanding of Self Esteem - is the evaluative component of development is impossible without taking into the self-concept. It is the function of the distance account the culture in which children between the ideal self perceived self. develop. Values - are the beliefs, which we hold to be true Ecological Theory. - those noble ideals we struggle to attain and - The Ecological model, the major proponent implement in our daily lives.. Derived from the of which is Urie Bronfenbrenner, seeks to natural and moral laws and not from an explain individual knowledge, development, individuals opinions and feelings. and competencies in terms of the guidance, Values Education - is based on a rational support, and structure provided by society understanding of the human person, specifically and to explain social change over time in on understanding of the Filipino as a human terms of the cumulative effect of individual being in society and his/her role in the shaping of choices (Berger, 2000). society and the environment. Humanism Theory. - The humanistic perspective contends that people have a natural tendency to make THEORIES OF VALUES FORMATION decisions about their lives and control behavior. Psycho-Analytic Theory (Sigmund Freud) Evolutionary Theory. suggest that unconscious forces act to - The Evolutionary Theory stresses that determine personality and behavior. To Freud, behavior is strongly influenced by biology, is the unconscious is that part of the personality tied to evolution, and is characterized by about which a person is unaware.. critical or sensitive periods (Santrock, 1999). Behaviorist View (John B. Watson). The ETHICS AND MORAL EDUCATION behavioral perspective suggest that the keys to understanding developing are observable behavior and outside stimuli in the environment. Ethics – comes from the Greek word ethos, If we know the stimuli, we can predict the meaning character or custom. behavior. Morality Social-cognitive learning theorist Albert The term morality can be used either: Bandura - when we see the behavior of a model being rewarded, we are likely to imitate that 1. Descriptively to refer to a code of conduct behavior. Behavior is learned through put forward by a society and that it is used as a observation and imitation, not conditioning guide to behavior by the members of that through reinforcement or punishment. society. Cognitive Theory. - The cognitive perspective focuses on the 2. Normatively to refer to a code of conduct processes that allow people to know, that, given specified conditions, would be put understand and think about the world. The forward by alL rational persons for governing the cognitive perspective emphasizes how behavior of all moral agents. people internally represent and think about the world.