System Analysis and Design Module 1 PDF

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN  Module 1 Introduction to System Analysis and Design Information system  Information systems are interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control,...

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN  Module 1 Introduction to System Analysis and Design Information system  Information systems are interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization. Major Types of Information System  Enterprise Computing Systems  Transaction Processing Systems  Business Support Systems  Knowledge Management Systems  User Productivity Systems Major Types of Information System  Enterprise Computing Systems  Refers to information systems that support company-wide data management requirements. Ex: airline reservation, credit card billing  Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems provide cost-effective data access for users and managers throughout the company. Major Types of Information System  Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)  Transaction Processing (TP) systems and Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems are called operational systems because they process data generated by day-to-day business operations. Ex: customer billing, accounts receivable, warranty claim processing. Major Types of Information System  Business Support Systems  Provide job-related information support to users at all levels of a company  Management Information System (MIS) Major Types of Information System  Knowledge Management Systems  Sometimes called expert systems because they simulate human reasoning by combining a knowledgebase and inference rules that determine how the knowledge is applied. Major Types of Information System  Knowledge Management Systems  A knowledge base consisting of a large database allows users of find information by clicking menus, typing keywords, or entering text questions in normal English phrases. Major Types of Information System  Knowledge Management Systems  Inference rules are logical rules that identify data patterns and relationships.  Fuzzy logic allows logical inferences to be drawn from imprecise relationships. Major Types of Information System  User Productivity Systems  Provide employees at all organizational levels with a wide array of tools that can improve quality of job performance Ex: LAN, WAN, email, video conference Information System Users Information System Users Information System Users Organizational Structure Top Management Top managers develop long-range plans, called strategic plans that define the company’s overall mission and goals. Information System Users Organizational Structure Middle Management Middle managers focus their goals on a shorter time frame, usually ranging from one month to one year. They develop plans to achieve business objectives in a process called tactical planning. Information System Users Organizational Structure Lower Management Supervisors and team leaders oversee operational employees and carry out day-to-day operational plans. Information System Users Organizational Structure Operational Employees Operational employees primarily use TP systems to enter and receive data they need to perform their jobs. A trend, called empowerment, gives employees more responsibility and accountability. Information Technology Department The information technology (IT) department develops and maintains a company’s information systems The IT group provides technical support Information Technology Department Application Development – Team may include users, managers and IT Staff members Systems Support and Security – Deployment team User Support – Help desk or information center (IC) Information Technology Department Database Administration – Database design, management, security, backup, and user access Network Administration – Includes hardware and software maintenance, support, and security Web Support – Webmasters Information Technology Department Quality Assurance (QA) – Reviews and tests all applications and systems changes to verify specifications and software quality standards – Is a separate unit that reports directly to IT management. System Analyst Position A systems analyst investigates, analyzes, designs, develops, installs, evaluates, and maintains a company’s information systems On large projects, the analyst works as a member of an IT department team Smaller companies often use consultants to perform the work. The System Analyst Position A systems analyst investigates, analyzes, designs, develops, installs, evaluates, and maintains a company’s information systems On large projects, the analyst works as a member of an IT department team Smaller companies often use consultants to perform the work The System Analyst Approach to Problem Solving Research and understand the problem Verify the benefits of solving the problem outweigh the cost Define the requirements of solving the problem Develop a set of possible solutions Decide which solution is best and make a recommendation Define the details of the chosen solution Monitor to make sure that you obtain the desired result The Systems Analyst Position Responsibilities Translate business requirements into practical IT projects to meet needs Required Skills and Background Solid communication skills and analytic ability Business knowledge and technique The system analyst needs to know the following: What business function does the organization perform? How are organizations structured? How are organizations managed? What type of work goes on in organization? People knowledge and Skills It is critical that the analyst understand how people Think Learn React to change Communicate Work Integrity and Ethics System analyst are expected to uphold the highest ethical standards when it comes to private proprietary information they might encounter on the job Typical Job Titles Programmer analyst Business system analyst System liaison System Consultant System Support Analyst System Designer Software Engineer System Architect Web Master Web Developer