Media and Information Literacy Grade 11/12 PDF

11/12 Media and Information Literacy Quarter 1 – Module 1: Media and Communication Media and Information Literacy – Grade 11/12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) Quarter 1 – Module 1: Communication and Media First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 s...

11/12 Media and Information Literacy Quarter 1 – Module 1: Media and Communication Media and Information Literacy – Grade 11/12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) Quarter 1 – Module 1: Communication and Media First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Development Team of the Module Writers: Jenelyn A. Abico Editors: Dawn Hope S. Almuena, Mary Joy M. Velasco Reviewers: Evelyn C. Frusa PhD, Rolex H. Lotilla, Arvin M. Tejada Illustrator: Layout Artist: Angelou D. Samillano Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director Crispin A. Soliven, Jr., CESE - Schools Division Superintendent Robert J. Montero, Ed, CESE - ASDS Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM Gilda O. Orendain - REPS – Subject Area Supervisor Belen Fajemolin, Ph.d - CID Chief Evelyn C. Frusa, Ph.d - Division EPS In Charge of LRMS Bernardita M. Villano - Division ADM Coordinator Carlo M. Melendres – EPS, Senior High School Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893 E-mail Address: [email protected]\  11/12 Media and Information Literacy Quarter 1 – Module 1: Communication and Media Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Media and Information Literacy with Grade 11/12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Communication and Media ! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. 2 For the learner: Welcome to the Media and Information Literacy - Grade 11/12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Communication and Media ! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. 3  Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! 4  What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Media and Communication. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. This module will focus namely on:  LO 1 –Describes how communication is influenced by media and information After going through this module, you are expected to: a) Define communication, media and information; b) Recognize communication as a social process ; c) Describe the nature of communication and the concepts related to it; and d) Conclude how media affects human living through an information chart. 5 Definition of Terms Media It refers to any physical object used to communicate media messages. Communication The act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to express or exchange information, ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else. Communication Model Are diagrams that make you understand the process at a glance. They are like maps that guide you in the understanding how communication works in different settings. Information Knowledge of specific events or situations that has been gathered or received by communication, intelligence or news. Media Literacy The ability to read, analyze, evaluate and produce communication in a variety of media forms. Social Media Forms of electronic communication through which people create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, etc. 6  What I Know Let us determine how much you already learned. Instruction. Select the letter only of the correct answer and write it in a separate sheet of paper. 1. It refers to the process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures. A. elements C. process B. communication D. model 2. The factor that affects the flow of information which can appear as a noise is called_________?. A. context C. barrier B. message D. feedback 3. The plural of medium, also known as ways to communicate information. A. media C. information B. message D. context 4. Whose model of communication below uses One-way communication ? A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Berlo D. Shannon-Weaver 5. Field of experience being part of the communication, was introduced by? A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Berlo D. Shannon-Weaver 6. A speaker centered model as the speaker has the most important role in it and is the only one active. A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Transactional D. Shannon-Weaver 7. This model has been originally intended to show how radio and telephone technologies function. A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Transactional D. Shannon-Weaver 8. It is reaction, response, or information provided by the receiver. A. Barrier C. Receiver B. Feedback D. Context 9. It is the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands. A. Barrier C. Encoding B. Channel D. Decoding 10. It is the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal, or the use of senses in which the encoded message is conveyed. A. Medium C. Receiver B. Channel D. Feedback 7  Lesson 1 Media and Communication Media and other information providers play a central role in information and communication processes. Nowadays, media become the common outlet of self- expression and creativity. Its huge influence spreads speedily across the globe. The connection between technological advances and people’s connectivity created a huge impact to the lives of today’s generation. This module covers all the above mentioned concepts. What’s In In your Oral Communication subject, Communication is a process in which individuals interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. (Wood, 2004). It can also be described through its nature as follows: Communication is a process that changes as the communicators’ environments a process and needs change. Communication is It involves within systems of interrelated and interacting parts. systematic Communication Symbols, verbal (with words) or nonverbal (without words), are is symbolic the basis of language. Notes to the Teacher Provide additional hand-out for the learners to easily grasp the lesson. 8  What’s New Activity 1: Fill in the table below of the estimate number of hours you spent in each media or information provider from previous week. Weekly Interaction Log with Information and Information Providers Media and Information Provider Number of Hours in a week Youtube Facebook Television Books Others What is It COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA Communication refers to the process of conveying or sharing information. Since then, it is often described as a natural ability of an individual to socialize with others. In the 21st century world, communication has become “more social” due to the emergence of technology. Media are defined as sources of credible and current information created through an editorial process determined by journalistic values. To the extent that media become an important part of every society’s communication system, their institutional make-up can mesh with a variety of non-media information providers, such as libraries, museums, archives, Internet information providers, other information organizations and citizens who produce their own content. With the emergence of technological platform of communication, delivery of the message increased its speed resulting to some grapevine form of communication. To clearly understand how communication happens, it is appropriate to take a look on the following communication models. 9  Shannon-Weaver’s Communication Model (1948) Image source:http://communicationtheory.org/shannon-and-weaver-model-of-communication/ Known as the mother of all communication models, the Shannon –Weaver model (1949) depicts communication as a linear or one-way process consisting of the five elements: a source (producer of message); a transmitter (encoder of message into signals; and a destination. This model has been originally intended to show how radio and telephone technologies function. This model has been criticized for missing one essential element in the communication process: feedback. Without feedback, the speaker will not know whether the receiver understands the message or not. Osgood- Schramm Model Of Communication (1954) Image source: http://communicationtheory.org/osgood-schramm-model-of-communication/ The Schramm model of communication (1954), which seeks to explain how meaning is transferred between individuals, corporations, and others, is the most commonly taught and widely used theory of communication. Schramm modified Shannon- Weaver model by adding field of experience, defined as “life experiences, attitudes, values, and beliefs that each communicator brings to an interaction and that shape how messages are sent and received.” (McCornack, 2010, p.10, as cited in “Osgood- Schramm model, “2015) 10  Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication (1960) Image source: http://communicationtheory.org/berlos-smcr-model-of-communication/ In 1960, David Berlo postulated Berlo’s Sender-Message-Channel-Receiver (SMCR) model of communication from Shannon Weaver’s Model of Communication (1949). He described factors affecting the individual components in the communication making the communication more efficient. The model also focuses on encoding and decoding which happens before sender sends the message and before receiver receives the message respectively. Berlo’s Model has mainly, four components to describe the communication process. They are sender, message, channel and receiver. Each of the component is affected by many factors. Aristotle Model of Communication Image source: https://www.communicationtheory.org/aristotle%E2%80%99s- communication-model/ Aristotle(384-322 B.C) was a Greek philosopher and writer born in Stagira, Northern Greece. While exploring the human nature scientifically, Aristotle developed a linear model of communication for oral communication known as Aristotle’s Model of Communication. This is considered as the first model of communication and was proposed before 300 B.C. It is also the is most widely accepted among all communication models. Aristotle Model is mainly focused on speaker and speech. The Aristotle’s communication model is a speaker centered model as the speaker has the most important role in it and is the only one active. It is the speaker’s role to deliver a speech to the audience. The role of the audience is passive, influenced by the speech. This makes the communication process one way, from speaker to receiver. 11 Elements of communication: Speaker - the source of information or message. Message - any information or anything the speaker/sender wants to communicate by using a medium. Medium - is the form in which the speaker/sender conveys the message Channel - is the method or means of sending or expressing the messages Encoding- the process of converting the messages into words, actions or other forms that the speaker understands. Listener/ receiver- he recipient or the one who gets the message Feedback - is the receiver’s reaction or response Context- is the situation or environment where communication takes place Barrier - the factors that affect the flow of communication. Decoding -the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver Nowadays, with communication becomes highly technological, flow of information dissemination increased its effectivity. Source: http://www.digitalbuzzblog.com/infographic-the-social-media-effect/ Based on the image above, communication becomes more productive and interactive due to media and information. Message was shared through variety of social media accounts and is shared by a number of people proving how influential media in the communication process. Media and Information Literacy recognizes the primary role of information and media in our everyday lives. It lies at the core of freedom of expression and information - since it empowers citizens to understand the functions of media and other information providers, to critically evaluate their content, and to make informed decisions as users and producer of information and media content. So how communication is affected by media and information? Let us take a look on the multiple roles of media in the society. 12 1. act as channels of information and knowledge through which citizens communicate with each other and make informed decisions, 2. facilitate informed debates between diverse social actors, 3. provide us with much of what we learn about the world beyond our immediate experience, 4. are means by which a society learns about itself and builds a sense of community, 5. function as a watchdog of government in all its forms, promoting transparency in public life and public scrutiny of those with power through exposing corruption, maladministration and corporate wrong-doing, 6. are essential facilitators of democratic processes and one of the guarantors of free and fair elections, 7. are a vehicle for cultural expression and cultural cohesion within and between nations, and 8. function as an advocate and social actor in its own right while respecting pluralistic values. What’s More Analyze the image below, then answer the questions that follow Image source: http://www.ovrdrv.com/10-levels-of-intimacy-in-todays-communication/ 1. What is the message in this illustration? _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Do you agree with this illustration regarding communication? Why/why not? _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How media affects communication in our everyday living? _________________________________________________________________________________ 13  What I Have Learned 1. What is communication? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is media? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Enumerate and discuss briefly the different models of communication? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. How media influence communication? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Social media is the new trend in communication because _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 14  What I Can Do Using the information chart below, do the following: What’s the What do we situation? do? What’s How do the we like it? outcome? Image Source: http://www.lumina.com/technology/influence-diagrams/ 1. Identify local issue that could fit in the shape labelled “what’s the situation?” Take an item of information from media sources (eg. Newspaper, radio, television, or internet) 2. In the square labelled “what do we do?”, think of a solution to address the identified issue. 3. In the shape labelled “what’s the outcome?” give possible effect of your solution to the local population. 4. Finally, in the shape labelled “How do we like it?” imagine how people will react to your identified outcome. 15  Assessment Instruction. Select the letter only of the correct answer and write it in a separate sheet of paper. 1. This element of communication involves the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions. A. speaker C. barrier B. message D. feedback 2. Which model of communication emphasizes the importance of the role of the speaker in the communication process? A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Berlo D. Shannon-Weaver 3. Which of the following statement is not true about communication and media? A. Media can bridge effective communication. B. Media hinders effective delivery of information. C. Media acts as a channel of information dissemination. D. Creative delivery of information is possible through media. 4. What model of communication introduced field of experience as an important factor in communication? A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Berlo D. Shannon-Weaver 5. The process of interpreting symbols and signs received coming from the speaker is known as? A. speaker C. decoding B. encoding D. destination C. 6. Cherry believed that communication is only effective if culture and social status of every individual will be taken into consideration. Cherry’s belief is anchored on whose model of communication? A. Aristotle C. Schramm B. Berlo D. Shannon-Weaver 16 7. Media plays a great role in the democratic country as a watchdog because_______? A. It advocates corruption and maladministration. B. It overpowers government and take actions on its own. C. It promotes transparency in all actions of the government. D. It influences the masses to act against the government and its leaders. 8. The following are true about the roles of media, except_______? A. It exposes corrupt politicians. B. It paves way to various advocacies. C. It delimits cultural expressions among nations. D. It facilitates democratic processes and guarantees fair elections. 9. Which among the following is the best description of Media and Information Literacy? A. It is all about exchanging information. B. It includes information and communication literacy. C. It promotes literacy with the use and manipulation of media contents for personal use. D. It empowers every individual with the use of media through developing critical thinking and life long learning skills. 10. Which of the following is true about media and communication? A. Media disrupts fluent communication. B. Communication is only effective if it is speaker- centered. C. Media can produce effective and efficient communication. D. Media alters receiver’s message making it difficult to have effective message. 17  Additional Activities From the pool of social media outlet below, choose one and discuss in no less than three sentences how communication is conveyed effectively. Image source: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/in-excess/201805/addicted-social-media?amp __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 18  19 Assessment What I Know What’s New 1. B 1. B 2. A 2. C 3. B 3. A 4. C 4. A 5. C 5. C 6. B 6. A 7. C 7. D 8. C 8. B 9. D 9. C 10. C 10. B Answer Key References Commission on higher Education, 2016. Teaching Guide for Senior High School MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY CORE SUBJECT. Media and Information Literacy Curriculum Guide by DepEd The social Media Effect. Retrieved June 15, 2020, from https://academichelp.net/samples/academics/essays/cause-effect/the effects-of-social-media.html UNESCO Media and Information Literacy Curriculum for Teachers 20  DISCLAIMER This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and recommendations. For inquiries Fororinquiries feedback, or please write feedback, or call: please write or call: Department of – SOCCSKSARGEN Education of Department Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Learning Resource LearningManagement System (LRMS) Resource Management System (LRMS) RegionalRegional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Center, Hill, CityHill, Brgy. Carpenter of Koronadal City of Koronadal Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ Telefax (083)2288825/ No.: (083) 2281893(083) 2281893 Email Address: [email protected] Email Address: [email protected] 21