LET Review Social Studies Major PDF

LET REVIEW SOCIAL STUDIES MAJOR 1\. Which order of presidents correctly applies to Philippine History? I. Magsaysay II. Garcia III\. Quirino IV. Roxas A. IV-III-I-II B. II-I-III-IV C. I-II-III-IV D. IV-III-II-I 1. Emilio Aguinaldo 2. Manuel L. Quezon 3. José P. Laurel 4. Sergio Osmeña...

LET REVIEW SOCIAL STUDIES MAJOR 1\. Which order of presidents correctly applies to Philippine History? I. Magsaysay II. Garcia III\. Quirino IV. Roxas A. IV-III-I-II B. II-I-III-IV C. I-II-III-IV D. IV-III-II-I 1. Emilio Aguinaldo 2. Manuel L. Quezon 3. José P. Laurel 4. Sergio Osmeña 5. Manuel Roxas 6. Elpidio Quirino 7. Ramon Magsaysay 8. Carlos P. Garcia 9. Diosdado Macapagal 10. Ferdinand Marcos 11. Corazon Aquino 12. Fidel Ramos 13. Joseph Estrada 14. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 15. Benigno Aquino III 16. Rodrigo Duterte 17. Ferdinand Marcos Jr. 2\. Aside from the Philippines, which countries claim part of the Spratly islands in the West Philippine Sea? a\. China, Thailand, Brunei, Malaysia b\. China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia c\. Indonesia, China, Taiwan, Malaysia d\. China, Thailand, Brunei, Malaysia 3\. Which follows Pres. Garcia's "Filipino First Policy"? Filipinos a\. Should buy and consume Filipino products only b\. Should not contribute to the brain drain problem c\. Should be selective in the entry in the entry of foreign professionals in the country d\. Were to be given first preference in all matters related to the economic development of the country 4\. Who among the Presidents changed the date of our celebration of Independence Day from July 4 to June 12? a\. Ramon Magsaysay b\. Diosdado Macapagal c\. Carlos Garcia d\. Ferdinand Marcos 5\. The public announcer of the barangay who announces the promulgation of the new rules and regulations. a\. agorang b\. babaylan c\. katalona d\. umalohokan 6\. The state of Israel was known in ancient time as a\. Palestine b\. India c\. Canaan d\. Galilea 7\. Which country is NOT a member of the ASEAN? a\. Vietnam b\. Cambodia c\. China d\. Myanmar 1. Brunei Darussalam 2. Cambodia 3. Indonesia 4. Laos 5. Malaysia 6. Myanmar 7. Philippines 8. Singapore 9. Thailand 10. Vietnam 8\. The only Southeast Asian country never colonized by European power is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a\. Japan b\. Thailand c\. Korea d\. Malaysia 9\. If the seven continents were arranged from largest to smallest, in which order does Australia fall? a\. 4th b\. 5th c\. 6th d\. 7^th^ 1. **Asia**: 44.58 million square kilometers. 2. **Africa**: 30.37 million square kilometers. 3. **North America**: 24.71 million square kilometers. 4. **South America**: 17.84 million square kilometers. 5. **Antarctica**: 14.00 million square kilometers. 6. **Europe**: 10.18 million square kilometers. 7. **Australia**: 8.56 million square kilometers 10\. What is the smallest ocean? a\. Arctic Ocean b\. Atlantic Ocean c\. Indian Ocean d\. Southern Ocean 11\. What factor was a major cause of both World War I and World War II? a\. The spread of Marxian ideas into Europe b\. The dropping of atomic bombs c\. Nationalism and national borders d\. The rise of totalitarian fascist state 12\. How can Deng Xiaoping be described by advancing liberal industrialization in China as leader without holding president, premier or secretary general positions? a\. Fascistic b\. Autocratic c\. Democratic d\. Authoritarian **Autocratic** - *focuses on the absolute power of a single individual.* **Authoritarian** - *broader term that can include various forms of centralized control, not necessarily limited to one individual but often involving limited political freedoms.* **Fascistic** - *emphasizes extreme nationalism and a blend of authoritarian control, propaganda, and militarism.* 13\. What core principle has remained unfulfilled in socialist countries like Russia and China? a\. State ownership of industries b\. Revolutionary conflict c\. Rule of the working class d\. Class struggle 14\. In which organization is the Philippines a member to fight communist aggression? a\. APEC b\. ASA c\. UN d\. SEATO 15\. Which part of Asia does the Arabian Peninsula occupy? a\. Northwest b\. Southeast c\. Southwest d\. Northeast 16\. To govern is to rule and the government rules by laws. Whose main duty is the enforcement of laws? a\. Police department b\. Judiciary department c\. Legislative department d\. Executive department 17\. Which economic system is based on free enterprise? a\. Globalism b\. Mixed economies c\. Capitalism d\. Communism 18\. How is the so-called colonial mentality manifested? a\. Cultural relativism b\. Cultural diversity c\. Xenocentrism d\. Ethnocentrism **Xenocentrism** - *preference for the customs, values, and products of other cultures over one\'s own.* - *involves valuing foreign cultures and often perceiving them as superior to one\'s own cultural traditions and practices.* - *can sometimes lead to the devaluation of local culture and identity.* **Cultural relativism** - *an individual\'s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person\'s own culture, rather than judged against the criteria of another culture.* - *emphasizes that no culture is superior to another and that all cultural practices have intrinsic value and should be viewed within their specific cultural context.* **Cultural diversity** - *refers to the presence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society.* - *encompasses differences in race, ethnicity, language, traditions, customs, beliefs, and practices.* - *promotes mutual respect and understanding among different cultural groups and is seen as a strength that enhances social cohesion and enriches societies.* **Ethnocentrism** - *belief that one\'s own culture, ethnicity, or nationality is superior to others. It involves judging other cultures based on the standards and values of one\'s own culture, often leading to misunderstandings, prejudice, and cultural bias.* - *can hinder cross-cultural understanding and cooperation.* 19\. Which is a safeguard against unfair trade practices like short-weighing? a\. Total Quality Movement b\. Consumerism c\. Consumer vigilance d\. Substandardization **Total Quality Movement (TQM)** - *management approach focused on long-term success through customer satisfaction.* - *involves the continuous improvement of organizational processes, products, and services by involving all employees in the quality improvement process.* **Consumerism** - *social and economic order that encourages the acquisition of* *goods and services in ever-increasing amounts.* - *often characterized by a focus on material wealth and consumer spending as key indicators of economic success.* - *can lead to increased production and economic growth, but it can also result in environmental degradation and social inequalities.* **Substandardization** - *production or provision of goods and services that do not meet established quality standards.* - *Substandard products or services can result from poor manufacturing practices, inadequate materials, or lack of quality control.* - *These products or services may pose risks to consumers and can lead to dissatisfaction and loss of trust in a brand or company.* 20\. Which led to the creation of Pakistan as a nation in 1947? Religious differences between a\. Hindus and Christians b\. Christians and Muslims c\. Hindus and Buddhists d\. Hindus and Muslims 21\. Which is common to Sun Yat Sen and Mahatma Gandhi? a\. Promoted a society ruled by religious leaders b\. Rejected violence as a way to political power c\. Led a successful nationalistic movement in their respective countries d\. Supported Marxist philosophy to change existing governments 22\. Nebuchadnezzar was to the Babylonian Empire as Asoka was to the \_\_\_\_\_\_ Empire. a\. Roman b\. Gupta c\. Greek d\. Maurya 23\. With the opposition of the parity rights in mind, who does NOT belong to the group? a\. Claro M. Recto b\. Jose Laurel c\. Manuel Roxas d\. Pedro Taruc 23\. While Ancient Egypt maintained medical schools for practice of medicine, surgery treatment was not always scientific because these used \_\_\_\_\_ and magical arts. a\. ointments b\. herbs c\. charms d\. drugs 24\. ln the world, the Phoenicians were known for many skills but NOT as a\. keen traders b\. mercenary soldiers c\. expert shipbuilders d\. skillful craftsmen 25\. The greatest contribution of the Phoenicians to the progress of the ancient world was their adoption of \_\_\_\_\_. a\. alphabet b\. mercenary soldiers c\. expert shipbuilders d\. skillful craftsmen 26\. The greatest contribution of the Israelites to civilization that culminated in Solomon's temple to the god Jehovah was \_\_\_ in nature. a\. economic b\. religious c\. political d\. artistic 27\. These were the advantages of the world's first coins issued by Lydian kings EXCEPT \_\_\_\_\_\_. a\. stamp of rulers guaranteed their value b\. easy to bring around c\. no weight process was needed d\. made of natural alloy of gold or silver 28\. The ancient Greeks valued the education of the \_\_\_\_ to think, to talk, and to act. a\. soldier b\. state c\. individual d\. mercenary 29\. These were the most important languages of the ancient Indo-European languages (from India across Europe to the Atlantic Ocean around 30 B.C.) a\. Greek b\. English c\. Latin d\. Celtic 30\. These are among the modern languages in Europe EXCEPT \_\_\_\_\_\_. a\. Latin b\. English c\. French d\. German 31\. How can domestic violence best be minimized? a\. Heavier tax on alcohol b\. Stronger anti-illegal drugs drive c\. Award for the Best Father and Mother d\. Effective education on family life 32\. What initiative is needed to prevent exploitafion of children workers? a\. Scholarship b\. Subsidy for children c\. Socio-economic package d\. Stricter law against child exploitation 33\. What can be done to prevent detention of juveniles with adult prisoners? a\. Separate cells of juveniles and adults b\. Lessen years of detention for juveniles c\. Alternative learning system in prisons d\. Upgrade juvenile penology program 34\. How should the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights receive by RP government? a\. prevent intervention by the UN b\. support the covenant c\. reject criticism on human rights violations d\. downplay UN reports on human rights violations 35\. How can Deng Xiaoping be described by advancing liberal industrialization in China as leader without holding president, premier or secretary general positions? a\. Fascistic b\. Autocratic c\. Democratic d\. Authoritarian 36\. China sees the stage of socialism that will lead to a system of \_\_\_\_\_ ownership with \_\_\_\_\_ ownership increasing. human rights violations a\. public :: corporate b\. private: public c\. public :: private d\. Public :: state 37\. Faced with a democratizing world, the pressure of political change in China has advanced political reform towards a \_\_\_\_ dominated state. a\. elite b\. lower-class c\. middle-class d\. military 38\. China's global market economy finds Communist Party lessening control of the central government in \_\_\_\_\_ here majority of Mainland Chinese live. a\. rural areas b\. autonomous cities c\. autonomous regions d\. urban areas 39\. Among achievements of Mikhael Gobachev as Nobel Prize awardee for Peace, which is most prominent in his effort to prevent a wide scale war using weapons of mass destruction? a\. End of 9-years long Russian occupation Afghanistan b\. 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty c\. Advocate of strengthening private economy in the Soviet Union d\. Fall of Berlin Wall and Reunification of East and West Germany 40\. Among pedagogical aids that supplement textbooks the most modern is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ a\. bulletin board displays b\. graphs, charts and maps c\. transparency cutout to duplicate d\. computer software 41\. Mahatma Gandhi is to \_\_\_\_\_ and Mohammed Ali is to \_\_\_ a\. India and South America b\. lndia and Canada c\. India and North America d\. India and Africa 42\. Benito Mussolini is to \_\_\_Winston Churchill is to \_\_\_\_. a\. Italy and England b\. France and America c\. Spain and Great Britain d\. England and the British Isles 43\. The chancellor of Prussia who successfully united Germany and made it a republic was \_\_\_\_\_\_. a\. Adolf Hitler b\. Oto von Bismark c\. Lev Caprivi d\. Prinz Max Von Baden 44\. Christians engaged Muslims during the \_\_\_\_\_ in order to win back the Holy Land to Christendom. a\. Holy Wars b\. War of Roses c\. Crusade d\. Punic Wars 45\. Known as Virgin Queen who gave England's most prosperous years in wealth and culture was \_\_\_\_\_. a\. Queen Victoria b\. Queen Elizabeth II c\. Queen Elizabeth I d\. Queen Marie Antoinette 46\. The fearless head of the Huns from Mongolia who became the King of Hungary was \_\_\_\_\_. a\. Genghis Khan b\. Attila c\. Kublai Khan d\. Odoacer 47\. Among the great teachers and philosophers of the Chou dynasty, \_\_\_\_\_\_ wrote the Tao Te Ching. a\. Mencius b\. Confucius c\. Lao Tzu d\. Chou en Lai 48\. Recognized as the author of the American Declaration of Independence was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a\. Thomas Jefferson b\. Abraham Lincoln c\. Benjamin Franklin d\. Thomas Paine 49\. Among English kings \_\_\_\_ broke off with the Roman Catholic Church in 1534 and established himself as the head of the Church of England. a\. King Richard the Great b\. King James I c\. King Charles I d\. King Henry VIII 50\. Among great navigators of the world, \_\_\_\_\_ first completed the circumnavigation of the earth. a\. Sebastian el Cano b\. Vasco de Gama c\. Christopher Columbus d\. Amerigo Vespucci 51\. Which of the following, did NOT belong to the original states of the United State of America? a\. North America b Connecticut c\. California d\. New Hampshire 52\. Who was the son of Philip of Macedonia who led his powerful army for successful conquest across Persia up to the western border of India? a\. Alexander the Great b\. Charles Martel c\. Ivan the Great d\. Cyrus the Great 53\. From Sung Dynasty sources in 982 A.D., how did early Chinese traders and geographers call our islands? a\. Malilu \" b\. Ma-yi c\. Mintolang d\. Lusung 54\. What new name was proposed for the islands during the Marcos regime to eliminate the coIonial connotation of the country\'s present name? a\. Maharlika ' b\. Egyptian c\. Babylonian d\. Assyrian 55\. Hammurabi the greatest of early kings who published a great code of law belonged to the \_\_\_\_\_\_ empire. a\. Persian b\. Egyptian c\. Babylonian d\. Assyrian 56\. The Chaldean King \_\_\_\_\_\_ made Babylon to be the most splendid city in the ancient world. (REM a\. Ptolemaios b\. Hammurabi c\. Cyrus d\. Nebuchadnezzar 57\. Where was the starting point of western civilization? a\. Mesopotamia b\. Egypt c\. lndia d\. China 58\. The ziggurat towers of the Sumerians were used for \_\_\_\_. a\. palace b\. military post c\. worship d\. watchtower 59\. Who was the one of the earliest Greek statesman whose laws gave all lasses of citizens some voice in the government? a\. Alexander b\. Solon c\. Pericles d\. Philip 60\. Who is known in history as the "greatest king" who conquered for Persia (550 BC) the Median Empire, Lydia, Babylonia and subject state. A. Cyrus b\. Darius c\. Xerxes d\. Philip 61\. Criticism on the ppast administration in Malaysia was its being \_\_\_\_ such as in suppressing the press. a\. laissez faire b\. autocratic c\. fascistic d\. authoritarian 62\. Singapore is a de-facto \_\_\_\_ state with lack of separation of powers between the executive branch and the courts. a\. alliance b\. one-party c\. multi-party d\. coalition 63\. With the dominant People's Action Party Singapore has a de-facto \_\_\_\_\_. a\. rigged b\. multi-party c\. party-free d\. fraudulent 64\. Singapore is recognized by Transparency International as the \_\_\_\_\_ punishment which is one of the highest in the world. a\. modestly b\. most c\. least d\. extremely 65\. Singapore's rigid anti-crime policies is characterized by \_\_\_\_\_\_ punishment which is of the highest in the world. a\. caning b\. capital c\. corporal d\. heavy fines **Professional Education** 1\. What is inclusive education? A. Placement of students with special educational needs in mainstream B. Placing learners with same disabilities together in one classroom C. Putting learners with different disabilities together in one classroom D. Putting learners without disabilities together in one classroom **Inclusive education** *[includes all types of learners,with or without disabilities]* 2\. The most acceptable time-tested curriculum design places this mode at the center of the learning process. Which design follows the opposite of this model? A. Mastery of the subject matter is the end goal of curriculum. - [Focus on Mastery is not child centered] B. Curriculum must be anchored on the needs and interest of learners. C. Prior learning should be considered in planning a lesson. D. Self-development is the ultimate objective of learning 3\. Which of the following standards for teacher quality in the Philippines is being used to design, implement and evaluate outcomes of learning for beginning and experienced teachers of DepEd? A. PPST - [more recent which replaced NCBTS] B. NCBTS С. СМО74-82 D. CFT-SEA 4\. In Education 4.0 which statement most appropriately apply? A. Learning can be done anytime, anyplace, anywhere. B. Learning can only happen with the teacher. C. Young learners cannot benefit from technological advances. D. Schools should be free to traditional support materials. 5\. Which is considered as the turning point in Philippine Education in 2013? A. Republic Act 10533 - (Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013) - New Basic Education modifies the curriculum contents, implementation and assessment B. Republic Act 7836 - (Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994) C. Republic Act 10968 - (PQF Act (Philippine Qualifications Framework Act) D. Republic Act 7722 - (Higher Education Act of 1994) 6\. Which of these questions is divergent? A. What is a clean environment? B. How do you differentiate a clean from a polluted environment? C. What makes a clean environment? D. If you were an environmentalist, what innovations will you employ? **Divergent question** - *has no specific answer but rather ask the learners to think broadly about a certain topic.* - *These questions have multiple possible answers and encourage creative thinking and exploration.* - *They are used to stimulate critical thinking, creativity, and discussion.* - *Examples:* - *How can we reduce pollution in our city?* - *What do you think will happen if we colonize Mars?* - *How would you describe the theme of \"To Kill a Mockingbird\"?* **Convergent Questions:** - *These questions have a single correct answer or a limited set of correct answers.* - *They are used to assess specific knowledge, recall facts, or test comprehension* - *Close-ended questions. It requires thought on student\'s part.* - *Examples:* - *What is the capital of France?* - *What is 2 + 2?* - *Who wrote \"To Kill a Mockingbird\"?* 7\. When do you consider learning as meaningful? A. When there is an active learning process. B. When the learning outcomes are achieved. C. When the learning is connected to student\'s life. D. When the learning activities are enjoyable. 8\. What is TRUE about convergent questions? A. It gives varied answers. B. The answers depend on the respondent, C. This is a higher-level question. D. There is only one correct answer. 9\. Why do we have to enforce positive discipline? A. To maintain order in the class, B. To make the students at ease at all times. C. To establish system in the classroom. D. To ensure a caring and nurturing environment. 10\. While observing the class, the Resource Teacher requested you go to the Principal\'s office for a simple errand. What will you do? A. Inform the Resource Teacher that you don\'t know the location. B. Request somebody to be with you. C. Follow the instruction as directed. D. Decline the request politely. 11\. Hailey Miabella was assigned to a Cooperating School under the tutelage of a Cooperating Teacher. How many hours does she need to complete? A. 120 hours B. 240 hours C. 300 hours D. 360 hours 12\. There is a need to offer quality education during the pandemic, all institutions are mandated to emphasize which one? A. Minimum Learning Competencies B. Most Needed Learning Competencies C. Most Essential Learning Competencies D. Most Learned Learning Competencies 13\. All XYZ students are scholars of the government. Susan is an XYZ student. Therefore, Susan is a scholar of the government. What type of reasoning was used in the argument? A. Inductive B. Deductive - *from general to specific, from the rule to the example* C. Inductive-deductive D. Deductive-inductive 14\. Which method for searching for truth is limited by common-sense knowing? A. Reasoning B. Experience - *When anchored on experience, people can base their theories on haphazard events and use them in a loose and uncritical manner. When testing their theories, people may do so in a selective fashion, often choosing only 10 the evidence that is consistent with their hunches and may ignore that which is counter.* C. Research D. Phenomena 15\. In a research forum, people are given the time to ask questions from the presenters. The question can be on the findings, methods or the theory by which the paper is leaning on. These forums can be a venue for people to point out concerns on your paper\'s methods and results. What characteristic of research does this support? Research is \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. systematic B. empirical C. self-correcting D. controlled 16\. Ideally, the research participant\'s identity is not known to the researcher. What do we call this? A. Anonymity - you don\'t know who the participants are, while confidentiality means B. Confidentiality - you know who they are but remove identifying information from your research report C. Deception D. Fallacy 17\. Mrs. Smith is writing her daily observations of a student and writes, without interpretation, that the student is not completing the class work and is constantly speaking out of turn. Which of the following objectives does she appear to be using? A. Prediction B. Description C. Explanation D. Exploration 18\. In what way can a background in research methods help people? A. Read research reports critically - Understanding the paradigm of research methodologies and the steps of methods used will allow one to see if the needed rigors for the investigation were observed and thus establishing the validity of the results and conclusions, B. Identify one best method for all problems C. Create conclusions by reading the framework D. None of the above 19\. The directors of a graduate program in educational research wish to see what type of jobs their graduates take after they finish their program. They randomly sample students from the program and have them fill out questionnaires with items asking about the types of jobs they have had. They also are asked to describe the roles they play in their current positions. Which of the following purpose of research does this project try to accomplish? A. Description B. Prediction C. Explanation D. Control 20\. If a research finding is statistically significant, which of the following is true about the result? A. It is probably not due to chance. - A statistically significant result is one for which chance is an unlikely explanation. However, there is still a margin of error considered so the possibility of the result being due to chance is not totally improbable B. It cannot possibly be due to chance. C. It is probably a chance result. D. It is accepted as truth in all circumstances. 21\. What do we call a condition or characteristic (considered in research problems) that can take on different values or categories? A. Constant - a value that does not change. In scientific experiments, a constant is a factor that remains fixed while other variables are altered or measured B. Variable - data items considered in a study, - any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted C. Relationship - how two or more variables interact with each other. - can be expressed in terms of correlation or causation - For example, a positive relationship between two variables means that as one increases, the other tends to increase as well D. Phenomenon - any observable event or occurrence that can be studied or analyzed. - a fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause or explanation is in question. 22\. What do we call the variable that is presumed to have the potential to cause a change in another variable? A. Categorical - a variable that can take on one of a limited, fixed number of possible values, assigning each individual or other unit of observation to a particular group or nominal category on the basis of some qualitative property. - Examples include gender, nationality, or hair color. B. Dependent - variable being tested and measured in an experiment. It is dependent on the independent variable. - For example, if you are testing the effect of different amounts of sunlight on plant growth, the dependent variable would be the growth of the plant. C. Independent - one that experimenters change in order to look at causal effects on other variables D. Intervening - aka mediator variable - variable that helps to explain the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. - It can show how or why there is a relationship between the two variables. - For example, in a study on the relationship between education level and job performance, the intervening variable might be the amount of training received on the job. 23\. Why is the statement \"What are the effects of extracurricular activities on cognitive development of school-age children\" not a good statement of quantitative research question? A. There is no connection between extracurricular activities and cognitive development B. There are not enough school-age children engaged in extracurricular activities to conduct the study C. The study would be too difficult to do given the researchers\' involvement in various extracurricular activities D. The statement was not specific enough to provide a understanding of the variables being investigated 24\. Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research? A. Generalization to the population B. Random sampling C. Unique case orientation D. Standardized tests and measures 25\. Which type of qualitative research describes the culture of a group of people? A. Phenomenology - focused on understanding and describing how [people experience] a specific phenomenon. - seeks to uncover the essence of experiences and the meanings individuals attach to them. - involves in-depth interviews, discussions, and observations to gather data on the lived experiences of participants B. Grounded theory - used to develop theories grounded in data systematically gathered and analyzed. - Unlike other methods that start with a hypothesis, grounded theory [emerges from the data itself]. - Researchers collect and code data, identifying patterns and themes, which are then used to construct a theoretical framework. C. Ethnography - Involves immersing yourself in a particular community or organization to observe their behavior and interactions up close. - This allows one to gain a deep understanding of a group\'s shared culture, conventions, and social dynamics. D. Case study - in-depth exploration of a particular case (such as an event, organization, individual, or group) within its real-life context. - involves detailed data collection through various means, such as interviews, observations, and document analysis. - The goal is to gain insights into the complexities and nuances of the case, which can inform broader understanding or generate hypotheses for further study. 26\. Which of the following is usually NOT a characteristic of qualitative research? A. Design flexibility B. Dynamic systems C. Naturalistic inquiry D. Deductive design - Qualitative research is largely governed by an inductive design that is emerging interpretations grounded in the participants\' experiences. 27\. Which non-experimental research looks to establish a relationship (i.e., non-causal) between or among variables (all quantitative variables)? A. Causal-comparative B. Correlational - The researcher looks into the relationship between one or more quantitative independent variables and one or more quantitative dependent variables C. Ex-post-facto D. Survey 28\. Which research paradigm is least concerned about generalizing its findings? A. Quantitative research B. Qualitative research - more concerned with patterns and meaning-making C. Mixed research D. None of the above 29\. Which of the following best describes quantitative research? A. Collects non-numerical data B. Attempts to confirm the researcher\'s hypotheses - Hypothesis testing is done in quantitative researches C. Exploratory in nature D. Attempts to generate a new theory 30\. Which of the following is NOT true about quantitative research? A. It relies primarily on the collection of numerical data. B. It can produce important knowledge about cause and effect. C. It uses the deductive scientific method. D. It is rarely conducted in a controlled setting or environment. - Control of variables, conditions, and settings is highlighted in quantitative research as part of its axiological assumption. 31\. What is the defining characteristic of experimental research? A. Resistance to manipulation B. Manipulation of the independent variable - cause-and-effect relationships. - The researcher manipulates the independent variable, actively intervening in the world, and then observes what happens C. The use of open-ended questions D. Focuses only on local problems 32\. Which of the following research designs aims to demonstrate causality but random assignment to groups is not possible? A. True experimental B. Quasi-experimental - studies that aim to evaluate interventions but do not use randomization. - Similar to randomized trials, quasi-experiments aim to demonstrate causality between an intervention and an outcome C. Causal-comparative D. Single-subject experimental 33\. Which of the following is NOT true about qualitative research? A. It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest. - QR is usually done to explore topics where very little is known. B. It relies on the collection of non-numerical data such as words and pictures. C. It is used to generate hypotheses and develop theories about phenomena in the world. D. It uses the inductive scientific method 34\. What do we call a research in which the researcher uses the qualitative paradigm for one phase and the quantitative paradigm for another phase? A. Qualitative research B. Basic research C. Quantitative research D. Mixed method research - can either follow a sequential explanatory design, sequential exploratory design, or a concurrent triangulation design 35\. Which of the following includes examples of qualitative variables? A. Age, temperature, income B. Grades, anxiety level, reading performance C. Gender, religion, ethnic group D. Height, weight, arm span 36 Which of the following can best be described as a categorical variable? A. Age B. Annual income C. Grade point average D. Religion 37\. Which of the following can be true of the paper entitled The Pre-Service Teachers Experience in the Teaching of Mother Tongue? A. It is quantitative research. B. The results of this study can be generalized. C. This is a single-case study. D. It is a qualitative study - title implies a qualitative study as the focus is not on variables but on experience 38\. What should entity the design be problem be able to accomplish? A. Identify the design of the study B. Identify the intent or objective of the study - A research problem is a definite or clear expression \[statement\] about an area of concern, a condition to be improved upon, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or within existing practice that points to a need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. C. Specify the type of people to be used in the study D. Describe the study 39\. Which of the following is NOT a stepin planning for research? A. Identifying a researchable problem B. Statement of the research question C. A review of current research D. Conducting the research 40\. Which of the following can be a source of researchable problems? A. Researchers\' own experiences as educators B. Practical issues that require solutions C. Theory and past research D. A, B and C 41\. Which of the following can a review of the literature prior to formulating research questions allow the researcher to do? A. To have a list of possible participants/respondents of the study B. To help develop the tool to be used in the research C. To develop a list of problems relative to the phenomenon of interest D. To choose the best statistical method for the data at hand 42\. Which of the following is NOT part of the criteria for determining when research is needed and should be undertaken? A. Frequency of occurrence of problem B. Amount of money affected by problem C. Editorial policy of the research journal D. Research ability of the problem 43\. Which of the following statements about research is/are TRUE? I. Inductive and deductive reasoning can never be used together in research. II\. Research is a systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation. III\. Research does not take into consideration experience and reasoning. IV\. The researcher can be a producer and consumer of the research done. A. I and II C. IV and III B. II and IV D. II and III 44\. Which of the following is NOT part of the methodology to be prepared in the plan before the conduct of the research? A. Subjects/respondents B. Recommendations C. Data treatment D. Instrument 45\. When referencing other works you have cited within the text of the research paper, which of the following should be done (APA Format)? A. State the first and last name of the author B. Use the author, and date of publication C. Use an asterisk and a footnote D. Insert the complete citation in parenthesis **ENABLING FACTORS IN ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS TEACHING** *The purpose of this study is to identify the enabling factors of elementary Mathematics teaching. It is anchored on the Attribution Theory, specifically on Weiner\'s Model of Achievements Attributions. This study seeks to analyze the variables that influence the mathematics teaching performance of Generalist pre- service student teachers and* *determine what factors have bearing on their elementary Math teaching performance. Variables tested in this study include the student\'s teachers\' input variables, living arrangements, source of financial support for their studies, subject matter knowledge (SMK), and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). All of these variables were measured against the student teachers\' average grades in elementary Math teaching in the intermediate level. Seventy student teachers from XYZ University were randomly chosen as respondents. Based on the findings, it is concluded that ability and a certain amount effort are enabling factors for success in Elementary Mathematics Student Teaching Performance. Weiner's Model of Achievement Attributions stands true as the Otis Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT) and the Grade Point Average in High School. Mathematics both reflect the student teachers' innate ability to face the demands of student teaching and both require effort to be achieved. These two are considered determinants of effective Elementary Math instruction.* 46\. What is the overall methodology used in the study? A. Qualitative method B. Quantitative method - abstract reveals numerical variables and the categorical variables are analyzed as counts. C. Cannot be determined D. None of the above 47\. What are the best keywords for this study? A. Mathematics Education, Student Teaching, General Education - The study does not include elementary students or phenomenology B. Pre-service Training, Elementary Students, Mathematics C. Mathematics Education, Elementary Education, Phenomenology D. General Education, Elementary Students, Phenomenology 48\. Which of the following is not a variable that is looked into in the study? A. XYZ University - XYZ University is the research locale B. Pedagogical Content Knowledge C. Source of Financial Support D. Average Grade in Elementary Math Teaching 49\. After testing, which variables have resulted in having a statistical difference when correlated to the student\'s average grade in elementary mathematics teaching? A. OLSAT and the GPA in High School Mathematics B. Certain amount of effort and innate ability C. GPA in High School Mathematics and a certain amount of effort D. OLSAT and innate ability 50\. Given the conclusion, which of the following can be recommended? A. Discourage the enrolment of students who don\'t really want to become teachers B. Remove the grade requirement for first-year applicants in the college of teacher education C. Encourage schools to administer an entrance examination for future teachers before admission - The Otis-Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT) correlated with performance and is part of admission requirements D. Focus on overall grade point average requirement and disregard individual grade standard