Social Organization Lesson 8 PDF

L E S S SOCIAL O N 8 ORGANIZATION Groups Within the Society MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY Analyze the forms a...

L E S S SOCIAL O N 8 ORGANIZATION Groups Within the Society MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY Analyze the forms and functions of social organizations ▪ Needs serve as motivating factors in the organization of a society. ▪ People form GROUPS to meet and satisfy their need for affection or love, food, clothing, and shelter. ▪ They want to belong and to have security or to uphold their political ambitions and gain recognition. HOW SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED?  SOCIETY It is a social system that is composed of people assigned to perform a definite task and function in a social system called social institution. ▪ People has a tendency to form a group because of their social personalities and maybe because they badly need it. But maybe in some cases both. ▪ We live in groups to meet our certain social needs. ▪ Our experience influence us to form groups with or without cognizant planning. ▪ Basic to group formation is social interaction  GROUP ▪ Constituted by two or more persons who have something in common ▪ Interacting together ▪ It may be temporary ▪ Guided by a set of norms  SOCIAL GROUP A social group can be defined as a collection of people who regularly interact with one another based on shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of common identity.  THREE REQUIREMENTS FOR A GROUP The member There must There must of the group be two or be must be more people interaction together physically. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION It is a concept that social scientists have developed for the scientific study of society, culture and personality.  SOCIAL ORGANIZATION The concept “organization” used by sociologist: 1. To stand for a relationship among people 2. As a type of a particular social system called formal organization  SOCIAL ORGANIZATION ▪ It is a process of bringing ORDER and significance into human social life. It has its roots in social interaction. ▪ An established pattern of relationship  SOCIAL STRUCTURE It refers to the independent network of roles and the hierarchy of statuses which define the reciprocal expectation and the power arrangement of the members of the social unit guided by norms.  ROLE It refers to the sum total of behavior expectation and activities associated with a social position which a holder is supposed to carry out and perform.  ROLE ▪ It conveys the prescribe or ideal standard of behavior that a holder of a social position is supposed to carry. ▪ It is a manner by which a given individual performs the duties and obligations of a status and enjoys its privileges and prerogatives.  SOCIAL FUNCTION ▪ Component of social organization. ▪ It refers to the results of action that occurs in relation to a particular structure and includes the results of the activities of individuals occupying particular statuses. ▪ SOCIAL ORGANIZATION always perform a certain FUNCTION. ▪ SOCIAL ORGANIZATION have a structure and is composed of members with different roles. TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUPS ▪ It vary in size, quality of group interaction, purpose, structure, or combination of these. ▪ One specific classification of group is the character of the social interaction obtained in the group as can be seen from such established classification as the: 1. Primary and secondary group 2. In - group and out - group  PRIMARY GROUP AND SECONDARY GROUP PRIMARY GROUP ▪ The total personality of the human being is taken into account ▪ The relationships are intimate and face-to-face ▪ Communication is profound and strong ▪ Personal satisfactions are outmost important ▪ A person in a primary group cannot be replaced by another person  CHARLES W. COOLEY He introduced the idea of "Primary Group" (1957:23) and describes it as follows: ▪ Primary Groups are characterized by intimate face-to-face association and cooperation ▪ Primary Groups is consist of small face-to-face structures such as the family groups where personalities fuse into a common whole ▪ Primary groups are initial groups that a person join and they provide him/her with experiences in social relations ▪ Cooley (1957:23-27) calls the primary groups as " the nursery of human nature " ▪ Individual acquires ideas and experiences of love, affection, sympathy and kindness, and notion of right and wrong. ▪ Individual learned the virtue of sympathy, fair play, loyalty and justice. ▪ Primary group give ones a sense of PERSONAL WORTH. ▪ Are marked by concern for one another, shared activities and culture ▪ Influential in developing individual’s personal identity. Example: Family, Friends SECONDARY GROUP ▪ This relationship involves a reaction to only a part of the individuals personality ▪ Interaction between the members are business like, impersonal, casual ▪ Heterogeneous; and membership is numerous and widespread ▪ This relationship tend to be casual, temporary and limited in personal involvement ▪ The person's importance to the group is the function that he/she performs in the group ▪ The individual can be easily replaced by anyone who can carry out the same function ▪ Secondary groups tend to improve patterns of conformity on their members ▪ Focus is on the goal rather than personal relationship ▪ Weak emotional ties and little personal knowledge of one another. Example: Professional Association, Corporations, Co-workers  IN - GROUP AND OUT - GROUP ▪ These two groups focuses on the sense of belongingness in a group. ▪ These two groups are not actually groups but variety of relationships that exist in the mind as a person who learns to use the pronouns “WE ” referring to the in-group and “THEY” referring to the out- group. ▪ The insiders are the “ in-group” and the outsiders are the “ out –group or the “ other group”. IN - GROUP ▪ The group with which the individual identifies ▪ Gives a sense of BELONGING , camaraderie , and a protective attitude toward the other members. ▪ The members are LOYAL to each other and one may accept responsibility for the others. ▪ They know each other intimately and share common norms , activities , goals and background. ▪ It is simply any group someone belongs to and feels emotional attachment to the members. OUT - GROUP ▪ It’s a group to which people feel they do not belong. ▪ Generally viewed as the outsider by the in- group. ▪ Any member of the in- group has insufficient contact with the members of the out-groups. ▪ It has a feelings of strangeness , dislikes , avoidance , antagonism , indifference and hatred toward the out- group.  REFERENCE GROUP ▪ It is a collection of people that we use as a standard of comparison for ourselves. regardless of whether we are part of that group. ▪ Its refers to the groups that are significant to us as models even though we ourselves may not be a part of the group. ▪ Any group with whom individuals identify and whose attitudes and values they adopt. ▪ Individual is not necessarily a member in the group or belonging to the individuals forming a group. ▪ The central aspect of reference group is self- identification rather actual membership.