Tourism Planning Process Lesson 3 PDF

LE SSO TOURISM N3 PLANNING PROCESS Prepared by:: Maam L OBJECTIVES: understand the meaning of planning, its nature and the concepts underlying it know the importance of planning and consequences of lack of planning kno...

LE SSO TOURISM N3 PLANNING PROCESS Prepared by:: Maam L OBJECTIVES: understand the meaning of planning, its nature and the concepts underlying it know the importance of planning and consequences of lack of planning know the levels of tourism planning and the components of a tourism plan  WHAT IS PLANNING? -> process of setting goals, developing strategies, and outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish the goals. investor words.com It is a MULTIDIMENSIONAL activity and seeks to be INTEGRATIVE. It embraces social, economic, political and technological FACTORS. It is concerned with the PAST, PRESENT and the FUTURE.  GENERAL CONCEPTS OF PLANNING -> in its broadest definition, planning is organizing the future to achieve the set objectives. Major types of planning: economic development physical land use infrastruvture social facility park and conservation corporate urban and regional  TOURISM PLANNING TERMS & REFERENCES OBJECTIVE POLICY PLAN 1 what is to be expected, 2 the approach applied to guide and determine 3 orderly arrangements of an overall system, that to be achieved in planning for tourism decision-making; expressed reflects the policy; development in term of a set of consists of maps, othe statements and relates rgraphic representations, directly to the development and explanatory text including statements on objectives recommendations STRATEGY CONSERVATION 4 refers to the means of accomplishing the policy and plan 5 planned management of specific sites and places, natural and cultural resources in general, and not necessarily categorical preservation, which used to recommendations of the mean no change of site, place or resource, and development of action sometimes includes restoration to its original condition  GOALS FOR DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE ENHANCED VISITOR RESOURCE USE SATISFACTION the trend encourages greater planning should provide energy conservation check on inter-relationships and recycling of of development; the worth waste of the planned development is judged by the user/visitor COMMUNITY INTEGRATION BETTER BUSINESS AND an important goal of tourism IMPROVED ECONOMY planning is to integrate all tourism development into the strengthens many areas social and economic life of a of the economy community  LEVELS OF TOURISM PLANNING A. INTERNATIONAL LEVEL international transportation services the flow and tour programming of tourists among different countries complementary development of major attraction features and facilities in nearby countries multi-country marketing strategies and promotion programs  LEVELS OF TOURISM PLANNING B. NATIONAL LEVEL tourism policy and physical structure accommodation and other facilities and services required major routes in the ocuntry and regional connections tourism organizational structures, legislation and investment policies tourism marketing strategies and promotion programs socio-cultural, environmental, and econmic considerations and impact analyses; and national level implementation techniques, including staging of development and short-term development strategy and project planning  LEVELS OF TOURISM PLANNING C. REGIONAL LEVEL regional policy access and internal transport network type of location and tourism attraction location of tourism development tourist accommodation and other tourist facilities regional level education organizational structures, legislation, regulations, and investment policies; and implementation techniques including staging of development, project programming, and regional zoning regulations  LEVELS OF TOURISM PLANNING D. SUB-REGIONAL LEVEL -> components of the plan depends on the situation of the sub-region, but typically would include tourist attraction features, general location of accommodation and other tourist facilities and services, access to the sub-region, its internal transportation network and other infrastructure considerations, and relevant institutional factors. COMPONENTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT TOURISM ATTRACTIONS & TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES ACTIVITIES AND SERVICES all natural, cultural and special access into the country or area, internal features of an area which attracts transport, and facilities related to all tourists to visit the area modes of transportation ACCOMMODATION INSTITUTIONAL ELEMENTS hotels and other types of facilities manpower planning and educational programs, training and development, public and private sectors investment policies and control of tourism impacts OTHER TOURIST FACILITIES AND SERVICES eating establishments, outlets for handicrafts and souvenir, tourist information offices, medical facilities, etc. WHY IS TOURISM PLANNING NECESSARY?  WHY IS TOURISM PLANNING NECESSARY? to ensure the there must be careful to determine the 1 optimum level of 2 natural and cultural 3 matching of tourist markets and products tourism that can resources are through the planning result in the indefinitely process without achievement of maintained in the compromising socio- environmental rocess of cultural and development environmental conservation objectives objectives the direct and indirect economic 4 benefits can best be optimized 5 tourism can generate various socio- cultural benefits as well as problems through the careful and integrated planning  WHY IS TOURISM PLANNING NECESSARY? tourism is a multi-sectoral, planning provides the rational 6 complicated and 7 basis for development staging fragmented activity such and project programming that planning and project development coordination are necessary to upgrade and revitalise to satisfy the manpower skills 8 existing outmoded or badly 9 and capability requirements of developed tourism areas and tourism development plan for new tourism areas in the future  LACK OF PLANNING TOURISM, LIKE OTHER INDUSTRIES, LEADS TO SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES IF DEVELOPED BEYOND THE CAPACITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT, THE RESOURCE BASE AND THE LOCAL POPULATION TO SUSTAIN IT, IT CEASES TO BE A RENEWABLE INDUSTRY CONSEQUENCES overpopulated destination overburdened facilities overbuilding of hotels polluted beaches cultural conflict dissatisfied tourists  STEPS IN PLANNING the monitoring and of su reformulation process is t g in s or exi rvey filling the t se tive stin of dynamic and feeds back into gd 01:00 bjec s for ata information gap the policy and planning stage o al PM go he t gy ate str n im new nitio monitoring and of ple ion cog me urve plan reformulation arat and y re nta y s prep tio Stud n several recommendations may be put forward Why do we need analysis of for policy choice tourism What are the secondary implementation development? available data and and primary information I can data use? ini tia l an polic d for pla y ma n tio ndatio n mme o rec n STEPS IN PLANNING Study Recognition and Preparation recognition by authorities (public/ private/ community) that tourism is a desirable development option, together with some awareness of the contrasts within which it must develop Setting of Objectives or Goals for the Strategy have a clear understanding of the objectives that are to be achieved by the development of tourism  STEPS IN PLANNING -> some major objectives, commonlyfound in tourism development to develop a tourism sector to encourage the use of tourism for both culture and economic exchange to distribute the economic benefits of tourism to appeal to broad cross-section of international and domestic tourism through policies and programs of site to preserve culture and natural resources as part of tourism to maximize foreign exchange earnings to ensure a sound balance of payments to attract high-spending ‘up market’ tourism to increase employment opportunities STEPS IN PLANNING Survey of Existing Data Implementation of New Surveys before setting out on the data The data requirement for collection stage, it is vital to development planning are undertake an existing data quite comprehensive and search include: tourism tourism accommodation land availability economic education and characteristics/ attractions facilities and use structure training needs travel patterns and provisions environmental socio-cultural investment and public and relevant other tourism indicators characteristics available capital private legislation facilities sector and regulation organizations  STEPS IN PLANNING Development Planning Analyses Asset Evaluation - examining existing and potential stock phasing of development plan in order assets. to ensure successful implementation Market Analysis Impact Analyses Which market segments should be pursued? economic impacts What kinds of tourism products and environmental impacts services should be provided? socio-cultural impacts What kinds of promotion should be impacts on local government used? impacts on business and industry What prices should be charged for impacts on residents which products and services? STEPS IN PLANNING Policy and Plan Formulation The results from the analyses of the survey data are unlike to yield a unique solution and instead will tend to suggest a number of possibilities for development strategies. Recommendation The preferred plan that has been selected on the basis of the analysis, having now been completed in detail, is submitted to the authorities by the planning team. STEPS IN PLANNING Implementation of the plan The methods of implementing the development plan will be considered throughout most stages of its construction. Monitoring and Reformulation Once the development plan has been implemented, it must be closely monitored in order to detect any deviations that may occur from the projected path of development. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING WHEN IT GOES WRONG? Disaster Management Design Stage Plan Failure Implementation Stage Plan Failure CIRCUMSTANCES THE DESTINATION MAY FIND SOME OR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING: Ecological Imbalance Outbreak of Disease Congestion and Economic Inefficiencies Deterioration of natural and artificial environment Resentment toward tourism Increase in criminal activities Destruction on host community ECOLOGICAL IMBALANCE CAN BE TACKLED BY: Appropriate visitor flow management Fencing-off areas subjects to overuse Providing alternatives routes and facilities for tourism Dispersing tourism over wider scope Educating tourists and hosts to limit socio- cultural damage Encouraging more positive local involvement in tourism activities