German Lesson 2 PDF

KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2 KAPITEL 2 Days, Months, Greetings, Colours, Numbers die Woche der Monat der Tag The week...

KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2 KAPITEL 2 Days, Months, Greetings, Colours, Numbers die Woche der Monat der Tag The week The month The day Montag Januar August der Morgen Monday January August Morning Dienstag Februar September der Vormittag Tuesday February September Forenoon Mittwoch März Oktober der Mittag Wednesday March October Noon Donnerstag April November der Nachmittag Thursday April November Afternoon Freitag Mai Dezember der Abend Friday May Dezember Evening Samstag Juni die Nacht Saturday June Night Sonntag Juli Sunday July der Wochentag Weekday das Wochenende Weekend die Jahreszeit die Farbe The season The colour der Frühling Rot Grau Beige Spring Red Gray Beige die Uhrzeit der Sommer Blau Braun Silber The time (clock) Summer Blue Brown Silver die Uhr die Sekunde der Herbst Grün Orange Gold O’clock second Autumn Green Orange Gold die Stunde der Moment der Winter Gelb Lila Violett hour moment Winter Yellow Purple Violet die Minute Schwarz Rosa Dunkelblau minute Black Pink Dark Blue Weiß Türkis Hellblau White Turquoise Light Blue DEUTSCH A1 1   KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2 WIE SPÄT IST ES? / WIE VIEL UHR IST ES? Saying Hello Saying Goodbye Hallo Informal, used with friends, Tschüss Informal, used with friends or Hello family, and peers. Bye family. Guten Morgen Used in the morning, generally Auf Wiedersehen Formal, literally means "until we Good morning until about 10:00 AM. Goodbye see each other again." Guten Tag More formal, used from mid- Bis bald Informal, means "until soon." Good day morning until early evening. See you soon Guten Abend Used in the evening, after Bis später Used when you expect to see Good evening around 5:00 PM. See you later the person again later. Informal, friendly greeting, Bis morgen Used when you'll meet again the Grüß dich common in Southern See you tomorrow next day. Hi / Greetings Germany. Gute Nacht Used when going to bed or late Servus Common in Southern Good night at night. Hi / Bye (informal) Germany and Austria. *morgen means both morning and tomorrow as well. How Are You? Responding to “How Are You?” Wie geht’s? Mir geht’s gut. Informal, very common. Neutral response. How's it going? I’m good. Formal, respectful Es geht mir gut, danke. Wie geht es Ihnen? Polite and positive. version, used with I’m doing well, thanks. How are you? (formal) strangers or in Nicht schlecht. When you’re doing professional settings. Not bad. okay. Wie geht es dir? Used with friends, family, Mir geht’s nicht so gut. If you’re feeling unwell How are you? (informal) or peers. I’m not doing so well. or down. Polite Expressions Bitte Please Used when requesting something. Danke Thank you General thanks. Vielen Dank Thank you very much For a stronger thank you. Gern geschehen You're welcome Polite response when someone thanks you. Entschuldigung Excuse me / I'm sorry Used to apologize or get someone’s attention. DEUTSCH A1 2   KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2 DIE ZAHLEN Numbers 0 to 12 (The Basics) 0 null 7 sieben These numbers are unique and 1 eins 8 acht must be memorized, but they are the foundation for forming bigger 2 zwei 9 neun numbers later. 3 drei 10 zehn 4 vier 11 elf 5 fünf 12 zwölf Numbers 13 to 19 6 sechs Here’s where a pattern emerges. From 13 to 19, German 13 dreizehn uses a base system that combines the unit (like 3, 4, 5) with "zehn" (ten). 14 vierzehn 15 fünfzehn For numbers like 16 (sechzehn), 17 (siebzehn), note that they drop an extra letter from "sechs" and "sieben." 16 sechzehn 17 siebzehn Tens (Multiples of 10) 18 achtzehn The tens also follow a pretty straightforward pattern, similar to 19 neunzehn English, but be sure to memorize the new word for twenty: zwanzig. 20 zwanzig 60 sechzig 30 dreißig 70 siebzig 40 vierzig 80 achtzig 50 fünfzig 90 neunzig Numbers 21 to 99 21 einundzwanzig German uses a reversed word order for numbers between 21 and 99. Instead of saying twenty-one as in English, in German, you say 32 zweiunddreißig it in reverse: "one and twenty" (ein und zwanzig). “Note: No “s” in 45 fünfundvierzig “eins”. 57 siebenundfünfzig 23: dreiundzwanzig (three and twenty) 68 achtundsechzig 76: sechsundsiebzig (six and seventy) 99 neunundneunzig Hundreds (100, 200, etc.) & Big Numbers 100 einhundert 1000 eintausend 200 zweihundert 1500 eintausendfünfhundert 300 dreihundert 2000 zweitausend 400 vierhundert DEUTSCH A1 3   KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2 WIE SPÄT IST ES? / WIE VIEL UHR IST ES? … Uhr 5 vor … 5 nach … 10 vor … 10 nach … Viertel vor … Viertel nach … 20 vor … 20 nach … 5 nach halb … 5 vor halb … halb … 1. Basic Structure for Saying the Time In German, when you're telling the time, you typically follow this structure: Es ist [hour] Uhr [minutes]. Example: Es ist fünf Uhr – It is ve o'clock. Es ist zehn Uhr dreißig – It is 10:30. Notice how "Uhr" (which means "clock" or "o'clock") acts like a divider between the hour and the minutes. It works like saying "o'clock" in English. However, in German, "Uhr" is always used when telling the time, except when you are talking about "half" or "quarter" hours. 2. The Hours (Stunden) Hours are pretty straightforward, and they're expressed as: Es ist eins Uhr – It's 1:00 (important note: "eins" becomes "ein" in time) Es ist zwei Uhr – It's 2:00 Es ist zwölf Uhr – It's 12:00 If it's afternoon or evening, Germans usually follow a 24-hour system, so: Es ist sechzehn Uhr – It's 16:00 (4:00 PM) Es ist zwanzig Uhr – It's 20:00 (8:00 PM) 3. The Minutes (Minuten) Once you have the hour, you just add the minutes like in English: Es ist zwei Uhr fünf – It's 2:05 Es ist drei Uhr fünfzehn – It's 3:15 DEUTSCH A1 4  fi  KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2 4. Half Hours (Halb) Here’s where German does things a little di erently. Germans say "half" in relation to the next hour. So, if it's 3:30, you say it's halfway to 4 (half to four): Es ist halb vier – It's 3:30 (literally "half to four") Es ist halb zwei – It's 1:30 (literally "half to two") 5. Quarter Hours (Viertel) When it's a quarter before or after the hour, Germans often say "quarter to" or "quarter past”: Es ist Viertel nach drei – It's 3:15 (literally "quarter after three") Es ist Viertel vor vier – It's 3:45 (literally "quarter before four") 6. Special Expressions You also have some special ways to say the time that might be useful: Es ist Mittag – It's noon (12:00 PM) Es ist Mitternacht – It's midnight (12:00 AM) 7. Asking for the Time If you want to ask what time it is, you say: Wie spät ist es? – What time is it? Wieviel Uhr ist es? – What time is it? DEUTSCH A1 5  ff