Language Components PDF

WHAT IS LANGUAGE? Module 2  What is LANGUAGE? It is a system of human communication which consists of the structured arrangement of strings of sounds (or their written representation) that are put together to form a code.  01 PHONOLOGY COMPONENTS...

WHAT IS LANGUAGE? Module 2  What is LANGUAGE? It is a system of human communication which consists of the structured arrangement of strings of sounds (or their written representation) that are put together to form a code.  01 PHONOLOGY COMPONENTS Form 02 MORPHOLOGY Form OF LINGUISTIC 03 SYNTAX Form 04 SYSTEM SEMANTICS Content 05 Pragmatics Function 3 01 PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEM  The phonological system of a language is composed of distinctive or contrastive speech sounds termed phonemes. SEGMENTAL SUPRASEGMENTAL These are are the sounds we produce These are articulatory features when uttering vowels, consonants, which are superimposed over more and diphthongs and triphthongs. than one segment that include stress, intonation, and junctures. A tool could be used to share a common coding system International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) HOLA It is a universally established and standardized set of codes or system that was invented to represent the sounds of human speech. It can be employed in transcribing the speech sounds of any language. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) VOWEL PHONEMES These are the sounds produced by the articulation of the mouth without any oral impediment. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) DIPHTHONGS AND TRIPHTHONGS These are two and three vowel phonemes, respectively, combined to produce the correct sound of a syllable. While diphthongs are present in the local languages in the Philippines, the triphthongs are not. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) CONSONANT PHONEMES These are basic speech sounds that are produced through the articulations of the mouth but with certain oral impediments. *A consonant morpheme combined with a vowel forms a syllable.  THE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM The second language component is called morpheme, which the smallest unit of meaning. It is not necessarily a equivalent to a word, but may be a smaller unit. To show the concrete realization of the morphemes, we use morphs or the actual segment of a word.  THE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM FREE MORPH BOUND MORPH A free morph is basically a root word, which A bound morph cannot stand alone as a functions independently. For instance, bow, pen, word. It includes affixes, bound root, and brow. Bear in mind that free morphs are those enclitic. An affix does not carry the core which are content words (noun, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) and function words meaning in a word, and is only attached (auxiliary verbs, prepositions, articles, to a root word. For example, the prefix conjunctions, and pronouns). un- and im-, and the suffix –able and -ful.  THE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM BOUND MORPH Derivational Affix Inflectional Affix Prefixes and some suffixes are Only suffixes are inflectional derivational because they convert a because they only change the word’s part of speech to another or tense of a verb or the number of change the meaning of the word (e.g. noun (adding -s to boy makes the adding -ful to beauty makes the noun singular noun a plural one). and adjective).  THE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM BOUND ROOT INFLECTIONAL SUFFIX It is often found in foreign language. It is a root word of a foreign language but has to be attached to English prefixes (e.g. the Latin root word -vert may be added with the English prefix con-, otherwise, it will not make any sense in the English language). *A consonant morpheme combined with a vowel forms a syllable. THE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM ENCLITICS GUTEN TAG These are contractions of words such as in “do not” to “don’t”. Other examples are you all would not must not THE MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM ENCLITICS GUTEN TAG These are contractions of words such as in “do not” to “don’t”. Other examples are you all – y’all would not – wouldn’t must not – musn’t