Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical & Astronomical Services Administration PDF

**P-HILIPPINE\ A-TMOSPHERIC,\ G-EOPHYSICAL&\ A-STRONOMICAL\ S-ERVICES\ A-DMINISTRATION** **PAGASA**; as the National Meteorological and\ Hydrological Services (NMHS) of the Philippines is\ the "**authoritative**" voice in providing the warning\ for public safety **THUNDERSTORM;** storm with massiv...

**P-HILIPPINE\ A-TMOSPHERIC,\ G-EOPHYSICAL&\ A-STRONOMICAL\ S-ERVICES\ A-DMINISTRATION** **PAGASA**; as the National Meteorological and\ Hydrological Services (NMHS) of the Philippines is\ the "**authoritative**" voice in providing the warning\ for public safety **THUNDERSTORM;** storm with massive cumulonimbus clouds producing lightning and thunder **THUNDERSTORMS and its ASSOCIATED HAZARDS** - **HEAVY RAINFALL\ **- Excessive rains can produce flash floods/ floods\ \ 2**. TORNADO**\ A localized windstorm characterized by a visible funnel-shaped, rapidly whirling cloud that\ 3. **HAIL\ ** Hailstones are ice crystals falling from a thunderstorm cloud.\ 4. **LIGHTNING\ ** Lightning is a visible electrical discharge due to high voltage ***LIGHTNING FLASHES IN MANY FORMS*** -**Forked,Lightning\ **Crooked lightning bolts discharge from cloud to ground or cloud to air **Sheet,Lightning**\ Clouds, rain blocks forked lightning bolt, but flash illuminates clouds. **Ball Lightning**\ On rare occasions, small glowing balls loops from the cloud, but quickly vanish.\ **tropical Cyclone**\ A warm core, non-frontal, synoptic scale system with cyclonically rotating winds **Tropical Cyclone and its Associated Hazards**\ 1. STRONG WIND\ Maximum wind speeds in a tropical cyclone may even reach beyond 250 kph - **HEAVY RAINS/FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD**\ Continuous heavy rainfall can produce severe flooding and may cause damage to agriculture,\ 3. **STORM SURGE\ ** The abnormal rise in sea level causing big waves - **STORM SURGES AND TSUNAMI**\ **Storm Surge** -- generated by weather system forcing water over a generally limited stretch of coastline.\ **Tsunam**i -- generated by earthquakes, undersea landslide, volcanic eruptions, explosions or meteorites,\ 4. **LANDSLIDE/MUDFLOW**.\ ** Landslides** can bury people alive and destroy their properties.\ **Mudflows/ mudslides**, like landslides are hazards to people's lives and properties. - **COLD FRONT**\ Characterized largely by an increased cloudiness and heavy rains - **NTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE (ITCZ**)\ Series of low pressure areas brought about by converging SE/NE - **MONSOONS\ SOUTHWEST MONSOON** (HABAGAT)\ Seasonal winds blowing from the southwest direction.\ **NORTHEAST MONSOON** (AMIHAN)\ Seasonal winds blowing from the northeast direction - **SATELLITE;** provides the synoptic view and coverage area of a particular weather disturbance - **Technological Hazards;** no warning to precede the incident. - **Environmental Hazards;** events that pose a threat from the surrounding environment - **Technological Hazards** - **A. Structure Collapse;** Structure collapse is often caused by engineering failures - **Fire;** t is frequently referred to as "rapid oxidation with the evolution of light and heat - **CLASS A FIRES;** Ordinary combustibles or fibrous material, such as wood, paper - **CLASS B FIRES;** Flammable or combustible liquids and gases such as gasoline - **CLASS C FIRES;** Energized electrical equipment, such as appliances - **CLASS D FIRES;**Certain combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, potassium - **Bomb Threaten** is a declaration of an intention to destroy or injure the target by means bomb **ACTIVE SHOOTE**R;the perpetrator of a type of mass murder - **First Aid;**Is an immediate care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly taken ill -. **HYPOTHERMIA**;Exposure to extreme cold for a short time or moderate cold for a long time\ 1. **Mild Hypothermia**; The patient will present with cold skin and shivering and will still be alert and oriented.\ 2. **Severe Hypothermia\ **Patients may become unresponsive. **STROKE**; Is a condition that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is interrupted 1\ C. **VOMITING & DIARRHEA**;Are most likely to be caused by food poisoning, D**. WOUNDS**Is a break in the continuity of a tissue of the body either internal or external.\ **Two Types of Wounds**\ 1. **Closed Wound it involves the;**underlying tissue without break/damage in the skin or mucous membrane. **Open Wound** it is a break in the skin or mucus membrane; or the protective skin layer is damage **SHOCK;** Is a depressed condition of many body functions due to the failure of enough blood\ 1. P -- Pain\ 2. R -- Rough handling\ 3. I -- Improper transfer\ 4. C -- Continuous bleeding\ 5. E -- Exposure to extreme cold & excessive heat.\ 6. F - Fatigue