CPAR Quarter 1 Reviewer PDF

Lesson 1 - What is Contemporary Art? Contemporary Art - Refers to the artworks that are made in the present time. Modern Art - Art after the Neoclassical Period; Pioneered by Victorio Edades in 1928; Art that rejects the use of realistic elements in their artworks. Neo- Realism - New kind of modern...

Lesson 1 - What is Contemporary Art? Contemporary Art - Refers to the artworks that are made in the present time. Modern Art - Art after the Neoclassical Period; Pioneered by Victorio Edades in 1928; Art that rejects the use of realistic elements in their artworks. Neo- Realism - New kind of modernism emerged; Observed by E. Aguilar Cruz. Social Realism - An art movement in the 1970s to 1980s to expose the current socio political issues. Neoclassic - An artistic style prevalent in Europe from mid 1700s - 1800s; Also called ‘Academic Style’; frequently tackling subjects from history, mythology, and literature; Juan Luna and Fernando Amorsolo. Characteristics of Contemporary Art Integrative - free to integrate any medium and any art form or style in order to express their artistic intention. Process-Based - not with a final product in mind, but instead begins with the development of a concept. Site-Specific - an artwork’s meaning to have a direct relationship to a specific location where it is seen or experienced; meaning they cannot be experienced in the same way if removed from their original places of exhibit whether in the gallery, out of the streets, in the forest, on the internet, etc. Collaborative - Involvement of two or more artists; Often presents multiple perspectives on one main idea. Interactive - recognizes how the audience has the potential to change or add to the meaning of an artwork. The work is then designed in a way that the audience is asked or encouraged to interact with the piece or certain elements of it; the effects of this process are included in the analysis of the artist’s intent. Artistic Innovation - Presents new styles to the world; New Formats - Use of various items and materials. For example, creating artwork using newspapers. Color Schemes - Artists use colors in unusual ways to create new textures and ideas, which they then used in their own work. New methodologies - Given to rise to novel techniques that are now the foundation of the genre. Techniques in Contemporary Art Installation - the method in which the artist is not restricted to a two-dimensional plane (like painting on a canvas or panel) in the construction of the artwork; this would involve real space in which elements of his/her artwork or multiple works, in various forms and mediums, would be arranged to effectively convey the artist’s intent. Mixed Media - uses different materials in the creation of an artwork. Performance Art - artist executes an artwork in front of a live audience; the process by which the artist creates by means of movement, space, spontaneity, Modern Art vs. Contemporary Art Modern Art - Started in the industry revolution during the 1860s; Examples are Expressionism, Impressionism, Futurism, etc. Fauvism - Famous artist was Henri Matisse which he was expressive with bold, bright color to paint because he thought using colors this way reflected an artist's feelings. Contemporary Art - Artworks made in the 1970s to the present time today. Focuses on social issues rather than aesthetics. Lesson 2 - A brief history of Philippine Art. Pre-Conquest - an historical term that refers to the art produced by Filipinos before the arrival of the first Western colonizers. Indigenous - A stylistic term that refers to the art produced by Filipinos before the arrival of the first Western colonizers. Pre-Colonial - a term for the general way of life of Filipinos before colonization. Terracotta - a type of earthenware ceramic that employ a distinct orangish or reddish-brown clay in its natural state. When fired, the unglazed terracotta is porous and not watertight. Anthropomorphic - A) referring to shapes that have a similarity to human form. B) when a non-human object or entity is described to have human-like characteristics. Abstraction - forms that are not clearly or strictly derived from recognizable forms in nature; Instead, it uses artistic elements (e.g., line, shape, form, color) for its own properties; opposite of the representational style. Representation - clearly recognizable as they would appear in real life; This follows the mimetic tradition in art, which means that the imagery in artworks mimics nature. Abstract expressionist - Emerged in North America in 1940s express or reflect the artist’s inner emotional or psychological states. Jose T. Joya is among the first Filipino proponents. Filipino Hunters Before - Imitated the movements of animals and prey, and the sounds that they made. This activity evolved ritual, music, dance, theater, and even literature. They performed rituals because they believed that they can go home safely, that a ritual provides abundant resources. Doctrina Christiana - Was made as the bible auxiliary. This is their form of literature. Visual Arts are established to rebel against Spain like Basi Revolt, Carta Hydrographica, Chorographica de las Yslas Filipinas, Spoliarium, and Virgenes Christianas expuestas al Populacho. Paintings that are made by Fernando C. Amorsolo emerged in the American Occupation because it reflects Filipino Culture. After the american, Japanese Occupation was started and it was considered the Dark time of Philippine History. They slowly destroyed the artworks and modern art made its way into the Era. Post-War - Various Art like abstract, public painting, modern, and conservative art were introduced in this era. Pre-conquest Carving Bulul or Anito - The granary god. Hagabi - Created by the ifugaos or igurots; The purpose for this when they need to rest, they will lie here or they can eat here. Santos/Saint - Pampanga and Laguna are famous in making santos/saints. Okir/Ukill - In southern Philippines (Tausug, Samal, Badjao Tribe), was being copied by the Philippine Mythical Creature called Sarimanok. Terracotta - Most prestigious and antique part of carving; Manunggul Jar - Oldest Terracotta Jar; It was found in Manunggal Cave during 890-710 BC. Baybayin - Ancient writing system in the Philippines. Lesson 3 - The contexts of Art Context - Refers to the settings, conditions, and circumstances, and occurrences affecting production and audience response to artworks. Why, when, and where Mode of Reception – a term that refers to the manner (where, when, and how) that an artwork is encountered. Appropriation – the technique of transforming existing material through the transformation of its elements or contexts’ order to present alternative meaning, structure, and composition. Different Contexts of Art - ANESM Artist’s Background - Artist’s age, gender, culture, economic conditions, social environment, and disposition affect art productions. Nature - As a source of inspiration and wellspring of materials for art production. Everyday Life - Art may also be used to portray daily private situations. Like MM Yu with her photography about patterns and forms that are overlooked in the city. Society, Politics, Economy, and History - The artist’s creative process is affected by Patronage like the state or the church. Changes in the society, politics, and economy affect artists, and the artwork that they do. Mode of Reception, When, where, and how art is encountered. Lesson 4 - The contemporary in Traditional Art: Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Philippine Traditional Art - can be considered as contemporary because it has been preserved and is being practiced at present. GAMABA - ‘Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan’ GAMABA aims to preserve these living traditions by awarding the finest Filipino traditional artists, who possess not only the skill but the folk knowledge, Intangible - these are practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, and skills Communal - refers to objects or concepts shared among members of a community or group. ‘Bearer of Culture ’ - practice of their art the culmination of the lifestyles, beliefs, and values of a group or society. There are several threats to traditional art: internal factors include the diminishing populations of indigenous groups and the reluctance of the younger generation from the group to practice these arts; some external factors are environmental changes in the group’s locale. GAMABA AND NAA or National Artists Award - that recognize artists who made significant contributions to the development of Philippine art and culture and to the Filipino sense of nationhood. NAA focuses on Modern Art while GAMABA focuses on community-based practices. Lesson 5 - National Artists of the Philippines. The National Artist Award recognizes individuals who are respected as having immensely contributed to the advancement of art in the Philippines. The award sees achievements in art as significant to the development of national identity. But despite being recognized for their individual achievements, some National Artists work collaboratively with other artists to push art further and to execute ideas that can only be fulfilled with profundity by incorporating the creativity of different people. Commissioned Work – artwork that are explicitly done as a professional service to a client, typically in exchange for payment; the client may or may not direct the artist to render elements of the piece according to the client’s preferences. Tableau – a creative arrangement as a depiction of a scene, sometimes involving figures. Transept and Nave – in architecture, the nave and the transept are intersecting sections that form the traditional cross-shape church structure; the nave pertains to the main body that extends from the entry to the altar, while the transept may connect to other parts of the church property. Terrazzo – a style of flooring made of composite parts, as with a mosaic or using pieces of stones like marble or granite of variable size, applicable to regular or irregular patterns, then cemented in place, and polished. Libretto – in Opera or musical theater, this refers to the text or words contained in the musical work. National Artist - is the highest national recognition given to Filipino individuals who made significant contributions to the development of Arts. The commission that is responsible for the selection and validation of these artists are the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCAA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP). National Artists for Visual Arts Fernando C. Amorsolo - For Painting; He is considered as the ‘Grand Old Man of Philippine Art’; The first national artist of the Philippines; Known for backlighting technique. Some of his artworks include ‘Mango Pickers’, ‘Fruit Gatherer’, and ‘Making of the Philippine Flag.’ Carlos ‘Botong’ V. Francisco - Visual Arts; Most distinguished mural painter; Used historical events as subject matter for his artworks (murals). Artworks include ‘The First Mass in the Philippines’ Guillermo Tolentino - Sculpture; Designed the seal of the Republic of the Philippines; Honored as National Artists for sculpture in 1973; Also designed the gold and bronze Medal for Ramon Magsaysay Award. His artworks include ‘The Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan.’ Napoleon Abueva - Also for Sculpture; Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture; Skillful in creating representational and modern abstract sculptures using variety of materials; known in creating ‘Buoyant sculpture’ Artworks include the Nine Muses of the Arts in UP Diliman Campus. Victorio Edades - Also for Painting (1985); ‘Father of Modern Philippine Painting; Known for his using dark somber colors; Focused on workers, laborers, or other simple townpeople. Vicente Manansala - Also for Painting (1981); Known for depicting realistic themes using abstract or a cubist style; He believed that ‘the beauty of art is in the process, in the moment of doing a painting, closely associating it with the act of making love.’ Hernando R. Ocampo - Visual Arts (1978); Known for his abstract painting; featured shapes bounded with curved lines painted in intense colors; His masterpiece ‘Genesis’ was used as a basis of the Cultural Center of The Philippines Main Theater. Juan Luna - A Filipino painter, sculptor, and political activist of the Philippine Revolution in the 19th century; One of the first recognized Filipino Artists; He won the gold medal in the 1884 Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts. National Artists for Architecture Pablo S. Antonio - Artists for Architecture; Pioneered Modern Philippine Architecture; Design grounded on simplicity; no clutter; believes that ‘buildings should be planned with austerity in mind and its stability forever as the aim of true architecture, that buildings must be progressive, simple in design but dignified, true to a purpose without resorting to an applied set of aesthetics and should eternally recreate truth.’ Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr - Pioneered landscape architecture in the Philippines; Leandro V. Locsin - Features themes of floating volume and a mix of both eastern and western aesthetics. National Artists for Literature Carlos Quirino - The first and so far the only National Artists for Historical Literature and was known for writing ‘The Great Malayan’ which is considered to be one of the earliest biographies of Jose Rizal. Francisco Arcellana - Is a writer, poet, essaysist, critic, journalist, and teacher, who is recognized as one of the pioneers in writing Modern Filipino short stories in English. N.V.M Gonzales - Néstor Vicente Madali González; A fictionist, essaysist, poet, and teacher; First Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940. Nick Joaquin - Considered as the most distinguished Filipino writer in English writing; His works extends from short stories to poems to essays which includes journalism and reportage; Used the name Guerre Quijano de Manila as journalist. Virgilio S. Almario - Also known as Rio Alma; notable modernist poets; reinvented the traditional Filipino poetry forms. Amado V. Hernandez - Is known for his contribution in the development of the Tagalog prose through the use of colloquial style. Carlos P. Romulo - Noted as a diplomat and an awarded journalist; first asian president of the united nations general assembly, and the only asian to win the pulitzer prize National Artists for Film Lamberto Avellana - was tagged as ‘The Boy Wonder of Philippine Movies’ in 1939; Manuel Conde - National Artist for Cinema; Is known for producing and directing films based on old Filipinos tales; brought to the silver screen stories from the other parts of the worlds like Genghis Khan (1950). Lino Brocka - Is recognized for his films which explores the lives of people in the marginalized sectors; directed for theater organizations such as the Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA) and the Concerned Artists of the Philippines (CAP). Ishmael Bernal - For film; was hailed by the critics as ‘The Genius of the Philippine Cinema’; known for directing films that projects the realities of the Filipinos; Was hailed sa Director of the Decade of the 1970s Fernando Poe Jr. - ‘Ronald Alan K. Poe’ or ‘The King’; Actor, director, writer, and producer. Leonor Orosa Goquingco - Artists for dance; Known as the ‘Mother of Philippine Theater Dance’ who blended folkloric and asian styles in ballet choreography; Founding member of the Philippine Ballet Theater and the Honorary Chair of the Association of Ballet Academies of the Philippines. Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula - Dance; Dance director of the Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company. Levi Celerio - Most known as the only man who could play music with a leaf in the Guinness Book of World Record. Honorata ‘Atang’ Dela Rama - Theater and Music in 1987; Known as the Queen of Kundiman and the first actress to portray a 15-year old in the very first Tagalog Film, which was ‘Dalagang Bukid.’ CPAR GROUP QUIZ KEYWORDS 1. Pre-conquest 2. Indigenous 3. Pre-colonial 4. Ritual 5. Baybayin 6. Santos 7. Christianity 8. Propaganda Movement 9. Indigenous Imagery 10. Pasyon 11. English 12. Hints of rebellion and discontent 13. Modern Art 14. Nature & Peace 15. National Identity 16. Abstract Art 17. Okir/Ukkil 18. New Society/Bagong Lipunan 19. faced ‘censorship’ or persecution 20. Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)