Cardiovascular Diseases PDF

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES PRESENTED BY: TEACHER RICO  HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure is the measurement of how much force is used to pump blood through your arteries. If you have high blood pressure, also called hypertension, it means the force is higher than...

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES PRESENTED BY: TEACHER RICO  HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure is the measurement of how much force is used to pump blood through your arteries. If you have high blood pressure, also called hypertension, it means the force is higher than it should be. High blood pressure can damage your heart and lead to heart disease, stroke, or kidney disease.  Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery disease Atherosclerosis, also known as hardening of the arteries, occurs when plaque builds up on the walls of your arteries and eventually blocks blood flow. Plaque is made of cholesterol, fat, and calcium. Coronary artery disease indicates that the plaque buildup in your arteries has caused the arteries to narrow and harden. Blood clots can further block the arteries. Coronary artery disease develops over time. You can have it but not be aware of any symptoms. Other times, it may cause chest pain or the sensation of heaviness in the chest. CORONARY HEART ARTHEROSCLEROSIS DISEASES  HEART ATTACKS A heart attack occurs when not enough blood reaches your heart. This can happen due to artery blockage. Heart attacks damage the heart muscle and are medical emergencies. symptoms such as: pain in the center or left side of the chest that feels like mild or severe discomfort, pressure, fullness, or squeezing pain that radiates from the jaw, shoulder, arm, or across the back shortness of breath sweating nausea irregular heartbeat unconsciousness  HEART FAILURE Sometimes called congestive heart failure, heart failure occurs when the heart muscle is weakened or damaged. It can no longer pump the volume of blood needed through the body. Heart failure normally occurs when you’ve had other heart problems, such as a heart attack or coronary artery disease Early symptoms of heart failure include fatigue, swelling in your ankles, and increased need to urinate at night. More severe symptoms include rapid breathing, chest pain.  STROKES Strokes often occur when a blood clot blocks an artery in the brain and reduces the blood supply. They also can happen when a blood vessel in the brain breaks open. Both events keep blood and oxygen from reaching the brain. As a result, parts of the brain are likely to be damaged.  Abdominal aortic aneurisms An abdominal aortic aneurism is a bulge in a weakened part of the aorta. The aorta is the largest blood vessel in your body. It carries blood from your heart to your abdomen, legs, and pelvis. If the aorta ruptures, it can cause heavy bleeding that’s life-threatening.  Modifiable risk factors Modifiable risk factors are factors that can be controlled, changed, or treated with lifestyle changes. These risk factors include: lack of exercise being overweight smoking overuse of alcohol high levels of stress poor diet  Tips for circulatory health Maintain a healthy weight. Don’t smoke. Exercise a minimum of 30 minutes a day, most days of the week. Maintain a healthy, low-fat, low-cholesterol diet with more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid trans fats and saturated fats, which are often found in processed foods and fast food. Limit salt and alcohol intake. Use relaxation and self-care to reduce stress.