Understanding Elementary Shapes PDF

UNDERSTANDING 051 ELEMENTARY SHAPES WHAT YOU BUILD? WHAT YOU LEARN? Basic elements of different shapes - Poi...

UNDERSTANDING 051 ELEMENTARY SHAPES WHAT YOU BUILD? WHAT YOU LEARN? Basic elements of different shapes - Point, Line, Ray, Line Segment No.of edges, vertices & faces in 2D & 3D shapes - Rectangle, Square, Triangle, Cuboid, Pyramid, Prism WHAT DOES IT IMPROVE? SCAN TO WATCH INSTRUCTION VIDEO Conceptual Visualization Peer Learning Understanding LEARNING BY DOING NAME: ROLL NO.: CLASS: www. b u t t er fly fiel d s. c o m  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY SHAPES Kit components to do 8 activities Table of Contents Type Time Page No. 1 Line 10 min 1 2 Ray 5 min 2 3 Line segment 5 min 2 4 Angles 15 min 3 5 Pairs of angles 10 min 4 6 2D shapes 10 min 5 7 3D shapes 15 min 6 8 Self assessment (10 marks) ? 10 min 8 9 Concept map - Revise all the key concepts in one go 9 Total: 80 min Activity i Information ? Self assessment Concept map  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY SHAPES i Introduction The shape of an object describes the external boundary of the object. By learning shapes, we under- stand how to describe an object & name its defining parts. We can categorize objects by the similari- ties & differences between their shapes. The basic elements of most shapes are: points, line segments, curves, planes & solids figures. Activity 1: Making a line A line is a straight one-dimensional figure having no thickness and extending infinitely in both direc- tions. Since a line has no end-points, we cannot measure how long it is. Materials 1 2 Take a straw and pass two pieces of the bent straw over it, one on either side. Cut the bending straw into 5 equal parts. Now fix another straw to it and extend it from both the sides 3 Fix arrow heads on both ends using double sided tape i Rays What is a ray? A ray is part of a line. It has one end point but will go infinitely in one direction. Sources of light are examples of rays in real life. The light emerges from the source & travel infinitely in all directions. Each light wave travelling in a unique direction is called a light ray. Candle Sun Light Torch light 1 of 9  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS Activity 2 : Making a ray Materials 1 2 Cut the bent straw into 3 equal parts. Push the circular rubber piece on one end of the straw. 3 Not possible to insert this side 4 Try inserting the cut straw piece Try inserting the cut straw piece from from the open end. the closed end. 5 6 The arrow head points to the direction of extension. Join another straw at the end to extend Fix an arrow head on the open side. along the open end. Activity 3 : Line segment A line segment has 2 end points & so its length can be measured. Materials: 1 2 Cut the bent straw into 3 equal parts. 3 4 Not possible to insert both side Push circular rubber pieces on Try inserting the cut straw piece at the ends. the other side of the straw. 2 of 9  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS ? Exercise: Describe the follow situations using an appropriate shape: line, ray or line segment. Tick the correct answer Line Line segment Ray 1. A man walking from home to the school 2. Light coming out of a bus head-lamps 3. A man shouting from the top of a building 4. A boy rolling a marble on the floor i Angles An angle measures the amount of turn. As the angle increases, the name changes. Types Of Angles When the measure of angle is Name of the angle less than 90° Acute angle more than 90° Obtuse angle equal to 90° Right angle exactly equal to 180° Straight angle more than 180° but less than 360° Reflex angle exactly 360° Complete angle Activity 4 : Making Angles Materials Pointer 1 2 Stick the given angle sticker Take the rubber piece Peel off the sticker onto the rubber piece 3 4 3 of 9  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS Stick the given angle sticker Take the rubber piece Peel off the sticker onto the rubber piece 3 4 Pass the plastic tooth pick Now use two of the given transparent slims through the center of the sticker. and complete the following exercise D 5 C E B F O G A E I Place your model in the circle given below. Rotate the two F H slims to align the pointers to the dotted lines. G D C Figure 1: E B F O G A E Keep your model here I F H G 4 of 9  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS Write down the list of line segments that make different angles with line segment OA in the table below. Angle made with OA Line segments Measure of angle formed Acute angle OB, AOB = Obtuse angle Straight angle Reflex angle i Pairs of angles Complementary angles: Two angles are called complementary because they add up to 90°. Supplementary angles: Two angles are called supplementary because they add up to 180°. Activity 5: Complementary & Supplementary angles Now use three transparent slims in the model. Materials: 1 2 2 1 Insert the 3rd transparent slim Place the model in figure 1 & through the kabab stick rotate the slims to form pairs of angles In figure 1, name three pairs of supplementary In figure 1, name three pairs of complemen- angles (each pair has two angles) tary angles (each pair has two angles) + = 180o + = 90o + = 180o + = 90o + = 180o + = 90o Activity 6 : 2D Shapes Using a combination of different basic geometrical elements, let us now build some shapes!! Materials: 1 Cut the pipe into 10 equal pieces 2 Elastic pipe 3 4 5 6 5 of 9  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS Try & make the following different 2D shapes Materials Longer Pipe 2 3 4 Smaller pipe Edges Vertices 1 Rectangle Square Pentagon Hexagon Octagon *As the number of equal sides increases, it becomes a circle ? Observations: Fill the given table: Square Rectangle Triangle Pentagon Hexagon Octagon Edges Vertices Activity 7 : Making 3D shapes - Triangular based pyramid Materials 1 2 Insert plastic straws into the Pass the other ends of the plastic holes in the triangle shaped Plastic Straws straws through the other traingle piece as shown. shaped pieces 3 4 5 6 of 9 6 Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS 6 Square Pentagon Pass the open ends of the remaining Using a combination of triangle, square & pentagon 3 plastic straws into the piece on the top. shaped pieces, form other 3D shapes. Activity 8 : Making 3D shapes - Cube Materials 1 2 Insert plastic straws into the holes in the triangle shaped piece Plastic Straws as shown. 3 4 5 6 7 Base 1 Base 2 Make another squre base as above 8 Base 2 Base 1 Fix base-2 on the top of base-1 as shown 7 of 9  Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS ? Observations: Fill the table given below: Cube Cuboid Square Pyramid Triangular prism Faces Edges Vertices ? Self Assessment Level 1 1.Describe the shape of objects given below using the keywords given below: (4 marks) Cube, Triangle, Square, Prism Building Carrom board Sandwich Ex: Pentagon Structures in Egypt Ice blocks Glass piece Ex: Pyramid Level 2: Challenge your higher order thinking skills 2. I have 1 face, 3 corners and 3 straight edges. Who am I? ___________ (1 mark) 3. I have 1 face, 4 corners & 4 straight edges all the same length. What am I? (1 mark) 4. Which of following objects can be described using only two dimensions - length & breadth?(1 mark) Paper Book Bottle Shadow 5. How many edges does the wall of your class room have? ________________ (1 mark) 6. How many edges does a Circle have? (2 marks) Zero Infinite 8 of 9 Y_UNES_051_V1/IOS h - Extends both sides b - Cannot be measured l Point Cuboid Line Cube Shapes describe the external Cylinder boundary of an a object - Extends in one direction - Cannot be measured - One end point 3D Shapes Ray Cone Shapes Basic elements of shapes Can be described using 3 dimensions - length, Sphere breadth & height Line segment - Two end points - Can be measured Angles Triangle (3 sides) 2D Shapes When 2 lines intersect Angle is the measure of the turn. Can be described using 2 As the measure of turn changes angles are formed dimensions - length the name changes & breadth Types Square (4 sides) Acute Obtuse Straight Reflex Complete (θ < 900) (θ > 900) (θ = 1800) (θ > 1800) (θ = 3600) b θ θ θ θ l θ Pentagon (5 sides) Rectangle (4 sides) 9 of 9  We will be happy to guide you Students Parents Teachers Help / Support in Support in Topic specific Ideas to Completing Model Creatively engaging your child at home Creatively engaging children Finding answer to a question Models for Science exhibition Assess Learning Outcomes Contact us @ Toll Free: 1800 10 30 383 +91 9121901694 connect@butterflyfields.com Check out other Science Projects @ www.butterflyfields.com Working with a Working Model of Understanding Importance of Hand-made Handloom Mini Vacuum Cleaner Rain Water Harvesting Explaining Properties of Air Rhymes To Reality Concept Maps Maker Space Explorer Kit Workspace for curious IOT & Sensor based Activities to creatively Tools for Quick revision children to explore. tinker Modules for Class 5 & above engage Children of before competitive exams and innovate on their own to perform Home ages 2 -5 @ Home for 15-17 year olds ideas ( Age 10+ in Schools ) Automation Projects “Such innovative tools can improve effectiveness of 11,00,000 9,000+ student learning.” Students impacted Schools reached Dr. APJ Abdul Kalaam 18 3 appreciating the efforts of States Countries Butterfly Fields