Computer Organization And Architecture - Lecture Notes PDF

Introduction  Course Outline 1__Introduction 2_Processors 3_Internal Memory 4_External Memory 5_Cache Memory 6_Buses 7-Control Unit 8_Instruction Sets characteristics 9_Pipeline Architecture & Organization Architecture is those attributes visible...

Introduction  Course Outline 1__Introduction 2_Processors 3_Internal Memory 4_External Memory 5_Cache Memory 6_Buses 7-Control Unit 8_Instruction Sets characteristics 9_Pipeline Architecture & Organization Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer – Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. – e.g. Is there a multiply instruction? Organization is how features are implemented – Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. – e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition? Architecture & Organization 2 All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture The IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture This gives code compatibility – At least backwards Organization differs between different versions  Structure & Function Structure is the way in which components relate to each other Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure Structure Computer  Structure - Top Level Peripherals Computer Central Main Processing Memory Unit Computer Systems Interconnection Input Output Communication lines  Structure - The CPU CPU Computer Arithmetic Registers and I/O Login Unit System CPU Bus Internal CPU Memory Interconnection Control Unit  Structure - The Control Unit Control Unit CPU Sequencing ALU Login Control Internal Unit Bus Control Unit Registers Registers and Decoders Control Memory  Function All computer functions are: – Data processing – Data storage – Data movement – Control Functional view  Operations (1) Data movement Data movement e.g. keyboard to screen  Operations (2) Storage Storage e.g. Internet download to disk  Operation (3) Processing from/to storage Processing from/to storage e.g. updating bank statement  Operation (4) Processing from storage to I/O Processing from storage to I/O e.g. printing a bank statement  Preliminary evaluation Syllabus Grades: – Quizzes 30% – Laboratory 0% – Final Exam 70% Text book The Student’s Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Architecture 8th edition. – This will be used primarily as a reference. 17 End of Lecture