Power Quality and Waveforms PDF

Power Quality and Waveforms EcoStruxureTM Power Monitoring Expert Digital Power Global Training Confidential Property of Schneider Electric Internal Chapter Objective: By the end of this chapter, you will be able to understand: 1. Recognize and com...

Power Quality and Waveforms EcoStruxureTM Power Monitoring Expert Digital Power Global Training Confidential Property of Schneider Electric Internal Chapter Objective: By the end of this chapter, you will be able to understand: 1. Recognize and compare Power Quality events and disturbance definitions. 2. List where in PME power quality data and waveforms are available. 3. Define the configuration requirements to enable power data logging. Internal  Agenda 01 02 03 04 What is Power PQ in PME PQ capabilities in Configuration Quality? PowerLogic devices procedure 05 Key Points to Remember What is Power Quality? Key features and benefits  The IEEE defines Power Quality as: "The concept of powering and grounding electronic equipment in a manner that is suitable to the operation of that equipment and compatible with the premise wiring system and other connected equipment." Example A laptop typically requires 100-240V and 50-60Hz to operate correctly (it should work anywhere in the world.) If the voltage or frequency are outside of that range, it will not work and could be damaged. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 5 Internal Power Quality Standards Power quality standards exist to assist in the Some common power quality standards are: identification of electrical disturbances. EN 50160 IEC 61000-4-30 They are a source of guidelines that both power suppliers and consumers can follow. IEEE 519 IEEE 1159 If voltage, current or frequency deviate from a ITIC (CBEMA) nominal value, the standards will help to identify and classify the incident so that the root cause SEMI F47 may be identified and corrected. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 6 Internal Power Quality Events and Disturbances Events are short term and have unexpected Disturbances are long term and logged occurrence. Those are characterized by periodically (for example, every 3 seconds, 10 magnitude, duration, and direction. minutes and 2 hours). Transient Voltage Voltage Unbalance Voltage Sags Current Unbalance Voltage Swells Voltage Harmonics Interruptions Current Harmonics Over Voltage Frequency Variation Under Voltage Flicker For more information visit: https://digital-energy-help.se.com/pme/content/8_reference/configuring/sw_modules/pqperf/trpqperf/pqevntsdistbnces.htm?Highlight=disturbances Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 7 Internal Summary of Power Quality Events According to IEEE 1159 Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 8 Internal Summary of Associated Waveforms Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 9 Internal Power Quality in PME Where to view Power Quality data in PME? Alarm Viewer: access the information in the Alarms application through Views which are saved in the View Library. Reports: overview of all PQ events in the facility. PQ (CBEMA, ITIC, SEMI F47), EN50160, IEC 612000-4- 30 and Harmonic (IEEE 519) reports. Diagrams and Vista: provides detailed waveform analysis once events have been identified. (Optional) Power Quality Performance: specialized dashboard gadgets, diagrams and reports Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 11 Internal Classification of Events – CBEMA chart Originally developed as a fault tolerance guideline for the semi-conductor manufacturing industry. It defines the minimum depth and length of voltage sags for which the equipment must tolerate. The event can be classified depending on: Where it appears on the curve, and Whether it appears inside or outside the curve limits ITIC = Information Technology Industry Council CBEMA = Computer Business Equipment Manufacturers Association Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 12 Internal View Waveforms for the Event Alarm Viewer: can be viewed with the Waveforms User Interface. Multiple display modes and advanced analysis options. Reports: static, non-scalable waveforms Diagrams: Interactive waveform. Zoom, scroll, move Vista: Interactive waveform with analysis tools (RMS values, harmonic content, phasors and more). Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 13 Internal How Many Waveforms? A waveform capture includes… A long duration event could include: Disturbance (typically includes start, middle and end) Disturbance End Normal Middle Normal … on each phase for voltage and current Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 14 Internal  PQ capabilities in PowerLogic devices Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 15 Internal Power Quality Event Detection in PowerLogic Devices Advanced PowerLogic devices have PQ detection with waveform capture capabilities: ION devices Magnitude (as a percentage of nominal voltage) Duration (in seconds) Waveforms (per channel) Disturbance direction (that is, upstream or downstream) Modbus devices Basic devices do not have PQ detection or waveform capture. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 16 Internal Burst Data – ION 9000 Pre- and post event data that is logged during an Alarm Instance. The recording of the data is triggered by an Alarm going active. Devices that support Burst data keep a continuous buffer of data logs in memory, until a Burst data capture is triggered. Burst Data can be viewed as part of It can be high speed data, such as half-cycle RMS measurements of voltages, PME Alarm Viewer. currents, and other quantities, or it can be 1 second measurements for slowly changing parameters. Incident Timeline Analysis Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 17 Internal High Speed Transient Capture – An Overview ION9000T with PME v2020 onwards Prerequisites The high-speed transient capture (HSTC) feature is available only on the ION9000T. High-speed transient monitoring at 10 MHz ION9000T meter sampling with up to 10 kV peak recording ION9000T firmware (v2.2.x or later) ION9000T can be used in MV applications ION9000T frameworks files (v2.2.x or later) with high-bandwidth Voltage Transformers ION Setup HSTC is not supported on serial or gateway connections. Please see ION9000T e-Learning for more information on the Setting up the HSTC Click here to know more about ION9000T Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 18 Internal HSTC in PME – An Example Waveform captured at Waveform captured at 1,024 samples/cycle 83,333 samples/cycle Read a white paper: An Overview of Transients in Power Systems Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 19 Internal Disturbance Direction Detection (DDD) Patented PowerLogic feature that determines if a PQ event occurred upstream (utility) or downstream (facility). Enabled automatically when PQ detection is enabled. Can be viewed as part of PME Alarm Viewer (Optional) Can be added to a custom User Diagram in combination with the VIP.DDD framework Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 20 Internal  Configuration Procedure PQ monitoring, alarming and analysis only functions if the monitoring devices (power meters, circuit breakers) have been properly configured to capture power quality events and disturbances. Power Quality Configuration Advanced PowerLogic Meters (required) PQ Detection (optional) PQ Detection (optional) Standards Compliance 1. System Type, CT and PT ratios 4. Nominal current 5. Nominal frequency 2. Clock and time synchronization 3. Nominal voltage Note: This is the minimum required that Note: This can also be used to trigger Note: Must be set if the device will monitor should be set with ION Setup waveform captures in the PM8000. for standards compliance (e.g. EN50160 or IEC 61000-4-30). Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 22 Internal Static Nominal Voltage Must be non-zero to enable PQ detection. Must be set to the normal operating line voltage of the electrical system. Example – An ION9000 is monitoring a "wye" electrical network (volts mode is 4W-WYE) with a line-to-line voltage of 600V, therefore the "nominal voltage" must use a "line-to-neutral" value: Nominal Voltage = ?√ In a WYE system, use a "line-to-neutral" value In a Delta system, use a "line-to-line" value Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 23 Internal Sag and Swell Waveform Captures Device: ION9000T 1. Open Setup Assistant using ION Setup. 2. Set the maximum number of records. 3. Enable Burst Data logging. 4. Set the maximum umber of waveforms to record. 5. Generate COMTRADE format waveform data. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 24 Internal Transient Waveform Capture 125% Transient WILL be recorded (see below) Device: ION9000T Predicted “Normal” Waveform Transient WILL NOT 125% be recorded Actual Waveform 1. Open Setup Assistant using ION Setup. 2. Set the maximum number of records for Transient data log. 3. Set the maximum number of Waveforms. 4. Generate COMTRADE format waveform data. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 25 Internal High Speed Transient Capture Only for ION9000T 1. Open Setup Assistant using ION Setup. 2. Set the maximum number of records. 3. Provide Log depth for HSTC waveform Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 26 Internal Exercise – 18 Confirm that Power Quality Detection is Enabled Duration: 15 mins Page: 43 of Student Workbook Device Name: BoardA.HVAC1 or Utility.Main Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 27 Internal Exercise – 19 Configure and Generate the default Power Quality Report Duration: 10 mins Page: 46 of Student Workbook Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 28 Internal RECAP Internal  Key Points to Remember Power quality (PQ) is a set of limits that define how equipment in an electrical system can operate Advanced PowerLogic devices (PM8000 and higher) correctly. have PQ detection with waveform capture capabilities. The best place to get an overview of all power quality events affecting the facility is: Basic PowerLogic devices (PM 5350 series and Power Quality Performance - simplified view of PQ lower) do not have PQ detection capabilities. Reports - detailed summary reports Diagrams and Vista - detailed waveform analysis. Waveform capture settings should be configured using ION Setup. Waveforms may be viewed to help with PQ analysis of the Confidential electrical Property system. of Schneider Electric | Page 30 Internal Questions  What are some common standards used in the world to classify power quality events?  What is the difference between an "event" and a "disturbance"?  What is the difference between a "sag", "swell" and "transient"?  How does the ITIC curve help to identify events?  What is the configuration procedure to enable power quality monitoring in a PowerLogic device? Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 31 Internal © 2021 Schneider Electric. All Rights Reserved. Schneider Electric and Life Is On Schneider Electric are trademarks and the property of Schneider Electric, its subsidiaries, and affiliated companies. Internal