CE 320 Introduction to Project Engineering PDF

Introduction to Project Engineering CE 320 College of Engineering University of Saskatchewan Professor Schmid Additional Resources: Oberlender Ch1 CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid -...

Introduction to Project Engineering CE 320 College of Engineering University of Saskatchewan Professor Schmid Additional Resources: Oberlender Ch1 CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 1 Univ of Saskatchewan What is Project Engineering? Project Engineering bridges the boundaries between engineering and project management The role of the project engineer can often be described as that of a liaison between the project manager and the technical disciplines involved in a project A project engineer's responsibilities include schedule preparation, pre-planning and resource forecasting for engineering and other technical activities relating to the project CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 2 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Management vs Project Engineering Project Management may be applied to any project including engineering projects Project Engineering, especially in Civil Engineering, involves much more than project management processes Construction law Tendering and bidding Regulation, codes Often the project is funded with public money CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 3 Univ of Saskatchewan Definition of a project An endeavour that is undertaken to produce the results that are expected from the requesting party. (Oberlender) Could be design only, construction only, a combination of both Three components: Scope: the work to be accomplished Budget: the cost measured in dollars and/or labour hours Schedule: logical sequencing and timing or the work to be performed CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 4 Univ of Saskatchewan Characteristics of a Project Introduces change: it is the cause and means of change Are temporary: they have a start and end Has specific objectives Unique: Every project is unique Involves risk and uncertainty Requires resources: people, materials, money A successful project is one that meets or exceeds the expectations of the stakeholders CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 5 Univ of Saskatchewan Consider This – Is this a project? The vice-president of marketing approaches you with a fabulous idea. He wants to set up kiosks in local grocery stores as mini-offices. These offices will offer customers the ability to sign up for car and home insurance services as well as make their bill payments. He believes that the exposure in grocery stores will increase awareness of the company’s offerings. He told you that senior management has already cleared the project, and he’ll dedicate as many resources to this as he can. He wants the new kiosks in place in 12 selected stores in a major city by the end of the year. Finally, he has assigned you to head up this project. CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 6 Univ of Saskatchewan A Balancing Act Often called the Triple Constraint SCOPE Success is measured by the ability to manage the project to achieve the scope while managing the time and cost Project Management Adjusting one corner of the triangle affects the Quality other two Budget Schedule CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 7 Univ of Saskatchewan  SCOPE More Balancing Project Management Quality Budget Schedule Many problems associated with projects is the failure to properly define the project scope We must focus on all three elements of the project Since the project scope defines the work to be accomplished, it should be developed first The budget and schedule are derived from the scope Quality is involved in all aspects of the project, at all levels CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 8 Univ of Saskatchewan Projects, Programs, Portfolios Project Temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result (PMI) Program A group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control Portfolio Collection of projects and/or programs that are grouped together to facilitate effective management that work to meet strategic business objectives CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 9 Univ of Saskatchewan Projects, Programs, Portfolios http://pmfiles.com/2011/570/ CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 10 Univ of Saskatchewan Ensuring Quality in a Project Quality is the responsibility of everyone involved in the project Owners communicate the desired level of quality Designers produce contract documents that will ensure the desired level of quality is reached The contractor provides the materials, equipment, and labour skills to complete the work according to the design drawings and specifications CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 11 Univ of Saskatchewan Responsibilities of Parties, Project Perspectives Owner Project Team Operations Consultant / designer Contractor Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) Other stakeholders CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 12 Univ of Saskatchewan Owner - Responsibilities Setting the operational criteria for the project Capacity, size, function of the product Define their level of involvement Review, required reports, levels of approval Cost parameters, payment of costs Define major milestones and completion date CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 13 Univ of Saskatchewan Designer- Responsibilities Produce design alternatives, computations, drawings, specifications that meet the needs of the owner Design that meets federal, provincial, and local codes, standards, and regulations Define the design budget and schedule to meet the owners needs Usually prepare an estimate of the project cost CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 14 Univ of Saskatchewan Contractor - responsibilities Performance of all work according to the contract Provides labour, equipment, materials, and know- how Prepare a cost estimate Develop a project schedule Establish a project control system for cost schedule, and quality CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 15 Univ of Saskatchewan  Authority having jurisdiction - responsibilities Review application packages Provide approvals Provide terms and conditions Monitor/verify compliance CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 16 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Perspectives CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 17 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Perspectives CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 18 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Perspectives CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 19 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Perspectives CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 20 Univ of Saskatchewan Who does the project manager work for? The PM works for the Project Maybe employed by the owner, designer or contractor There often are multiple project managers Eg. the owner may have a PM, the designer may have a PM, and the contractor may have a PM CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 21 Univ of Saskatchewan Purpose of Project Management Project Management: “the art and science of coordinating people, equipment, materials, money, and schedules to complete a specified project on time and within approved cost” (Oberlender) Who will do the work? What work will be performed? When will the work be done? How much will the work cost? What can go wrong? CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 22 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Management What does a project manager do? Technical work Leadership Coaching CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 23 Univ of Saskatchewan Types of Management Functional Management Coordination of repetitive work by the same people Project Management Coordination of one-time work by a team of people who may not have worked together before CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 24 Univ of Saskatchewan Distinguishing between Project Management and Discipline Management Project management is Discipline management is concerned with concerned with What must be done How it will be done When it must be done Who will do it How much it will cost How well it will be done Coordinating overall needs Coordinating specific needs Multi-discipline focus Single-discipline focus Reliance on others Providing technical expertise Project quality Technical quality Administrative viewpoint Technical viewpoint A generalist's approach A specialist's approach CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 25 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Management Examples Information Technology Business Engineering Construction CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 26 Univ of Saskatchewan Key Concepts in Project Management Review the list in the text – these will come into play as we progress through the course CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 27 Univ of Saskatchewan Key Concepts 1. Ensure that one person, and only one person, is responsible for the project scope, budget, and schedule 2. Don't begin work without a signed contract, regardless of the pressure to start 3. Confirm that there is an approved scope, budget, and schedule for the project 4. Lock in the project scope at the beginning and ensure there is no scope growth without approval 5. Make certain that scope is understood by all parties, including the owner CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 28 Univ of Saskatchewan Key Concepts 6. Determine who developed the budget and schedule, and when they were prepared 7. Verify that the budget and schedule are linked to the scope 8. Organize the project around the work to be performed, rather than trying to keep people busy 9. Ensure there is an explicit operational work plan to guide the entire project 10. Establish a work breakdown structure that divides the project into definable and measurable units of work CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 29 Univ of Saskatchewan Key Concepts 11. Establish a project organizational chart that shows authority and responsibilities for all team members 12. Build the project staff into an effective team that works together as a unit 13. Emphasize that quality is a must, because if it doesn't work it is worthless, regardless of cost or how fast it is completed 14. Budget all tasks; any work worth doing should have compensation 15. Develop a project schedule that provides logical sequencing of the work required to complete the job CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 30 Univ of Saskatchewan Key Concepts 16. Establish a control system that will anticipate and report deviations on a timely basis so corrective actions can be taken 17. Get problems out in the open with all persons involved so they can be resolved 18. Document all work, because what may seem irrelevant at one point in time may later be very significant 19. Prepare a formal agreement with appropriate parties whenever there is a change in the project 20. Keep the client informed; they pay for everything and will use the project upon completion CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 31 Univ of Saskatchewan Functions of Management Planning: a guide for the project Organizing: arrangement of resources Staffing: Selection of people with expertise needed for the project Directing: guidance of the work to complete the project Controlling: establishing (and maintaining) a system to measure, report, and forecast deviations in the project scope, budget, and schedule CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 32 Univ of Saskatchewan Role of the Project Manager (planning 1/2) Develop planning focused on the work to be performed Establish project objectives and performance requirements early so everyone involved knows what is required Involve all discipline managers and key staff members in the process of planning and estimating Establish clear and well-defined milestones in the project so all concerned will know what is to be accomplished, and when it is to be completed Build contingencies into the plan to provide a reserve in the schedule for unforeseen future problems CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 33 Univ of Saskatchewan Role of the Project Manager (planning 2/2) Avoid reprogramming or replanning the project unless absolutely necessary Prepare formal agreements with appropriate parties whenever there is a change in the project and establish methods to control changes Communicate the project plan to clearly define individual responsibilities, schedules, and budgets Remember that the best-prepared plans are worthless unless they are implemented CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 34 Univ of Saskatchewan Role of the Project Manager (organizing) Organize the project around the work to be accomplished Develop a work breakdown structure definable and measurable units of work Establish a project organization chart (who does what) Define clearly the authority and responsibility for all project team members CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 35 Univ of Saskatchewan Role of the Project Manager (staffing) Define clearly the work to be performed, and work with appropriate department managers in selecting team members Provide an effective orientation for team members (communicate project goals and objectives) Explain clearly to team members what is expected of them and how their work fits into the total project Solicit each team member's input to clearly define and agree upon scope, budget, and schedule CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 36 Univ of Saskatchewan Role of the Project Manager (Directing) Serve as an effective leader in coordinating all important aspects of the project Show interest and enthusiasm in the project with a "can do" attitude Be available to the project staff, get problems out in the open, and work out problems in a cooperative manner Analyze and investigate problems early so solutions can be found at the earliest possible date Obtain the resources needed by the project team to accomplish their work to complete the project Recognize the importance of team members, compliment them for good work, guide them in correcting mistakes, and build an effective team CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 37 Univ of Saskatchewan Role of the Project Manager (controlling) Maintain a record of planned and actual work accomplished to measure project performance Maintain a current milestone chart that displays planned and achieved milestones Maintain a monthly project cost chart that displays planned expenditures and actual expenditures Keep records of meetings, telephone conversations, and agreements Keep everyone informed, ensuring that no one gets any "surprises," and have solutions or proposed solutions to problems CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 38 Univ of Saskatchewan Professional and Technical Organizations CSCE – Canadian Society for Civil Engineering Engineers Canada / APEGS PMI – Project Management Institute Many others CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 39 Univ of Saskatchewan PMI, SCRUM, Prince2…. PMI: Project Management Institute PMBOK: Project Management Body of Knowledge PMP: Project Management Professional Scrum: scrumalliance.org Prince2: PRojects IN Controlled Environments CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 40 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Management Process (PMI) Application of skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements PMI says there are 47 project management processes group in 5 main process groups comprising the project life cycle CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 41 Univ of Saskatchewan PMI - PMBOK 10 knowledge areas 5 process groups 47 project management processes http://images-na.ssl-images- amazon.com/images/I/41Z4pjldxRL.jpg CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - Univ of Saskatchewan 42 PMBOK – Knowledge Areas Project Integration Project Human Resource Management Management Project Scope Project Communications Management Management Project Time Management Project Risk Management Project Cost Management Project Procurement Project Quality Management Management Project Stakeholder Management CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 43 Univ of Saskatchewan PMBOK – Process Groups Initiating Process Group Planning Process Group Executing Process Group Monitoring and Controlling Process Group Closing Process Group CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 44 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Life Cycle (e.g. PMI) Pre-Project Initiation Planning Execution Monitoring and Control Close-out CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 45 Univ of Saskatchewan Pre-project Projects are often used as a means of achieving an organization’s strategic plan and may be authorized due to Market demand Business need Customer request Technology advance Legal requirements CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 46 Univ of Saskatchewan Initiation A project is initiated when the promoter/proponent identifies the need for the project An appraisal is done Eg. Feasibility study Is the project viable or not? Rework may be required to refine or explore options. Possibly a pre-feasibility study will be done followed by a feasibility study Development of a Project Charter CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 47 Univ of Saskatchewan Planning Solution is developed in as much detail as possible Steps needed to meet the project’s objectives are defined Tasks are defined Resources are identified Development of a budget Labour Equipment Materials CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 48 Univ of Saskatchewan Planning - continued Risk management Identify and address items that may pose a threat to the success of the project Document a quality plan Quality targets Assurance Control measures Acceptance plan CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 49 Univ of Saskatchewan Execution The project is put into motion Direct and manage project execution Perform Quality Assurance Acquire project team Develop project team Mange Project team Distribute Information Manage Stakeholder Expectations Conduct procurement CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 50 Univ of Saskatchewan Monitoring and Control Progress is monitored & tracked against the schedule Project sponsors and key stakeholders are kept informed of progress The plan is updated and published on a regular basis Manage change control Verify the scope (accept complete project deliverables) Control Scope Control schedule Control Costs CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 51 Univ of Saskatchewan Monitoring & Control - continued Perform Quality Control Report performance Monitor and control risks CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 52 Univ of Saskatchewan Closeout All processes to finalize the project Acceptance by the owner Post-project review Lessons learned Archive all relevant project documents Close all procurements CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 53 Univ of Saskatchewan http://3434teama.weebly.com/uploads/1/5/4/2/15429178/8710987_orig.png?1354665409 CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 54 Univ of Saskatchewan Project Life Cycle (eg. PMI) CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 55 Univ of Saskatchewan For Next Class…. Think about teams you’ve been on Projects At work At school/university Sports Community Fundraising Organizing Charties Etc What made some teams successful? What were some problems you noticed? CE 320 Project Engineering - Prof. Schmid - 56 Univ of Saskatchewan