Catching Nutrients: Nutritional Profile of Fisheries - BIOL3305 Lecture - 2024

Vania Andreoli Catching nutrients: the BIOL3305 nutritional profile of fisheries Guest Lecture 20th August 2024 The global challenge of malnutrition ~ 1 in 3 people Malnutrition...

Vania Andreoli Catching nutrients: the BIOL3305 nutritional profile of fisheries Guest Lecture 20th August 2024 The global challenge of malnutrition ~ 1 in 3 people Malnutrition is the imbalance, lack or excess of nutrient intake worldwide suffer from some sort of malnutrition The global challenge of malnutrition 1. Undernutrition 3. Overweight and obesity ~815 MILLION 1.9 BILLION adults are overweight people are undernourished or obese ~3 MILLION childhood deaths 41 MILLION children under the globally related to malnutrition age of five are overweight or obese National Dairy Council, 2018 Essential nutrients for human health Essential nutrients for human health Zamborain-Mason et al (2023) Current Environmental Health Reports Consequences are far reaching Increase risk of morbidity or mortality In children, can affect normal growth and development Compromise overall health, well- being and quality of life Limit educational potential Increases healthcare costs Inhibits economic progress Nutrient deficiencies around the globe Protein Animal source Vegetal source Source: Andreoli et al (2021) Sustainability The global challenge of malnutrition: International actions 2016-2025 Fish as commodity 105 million tonnes a year on average in recent years US$ 125 billion a year on average in recent years Seafood is a highly traded food commodity. More than 60 million tonnes of seafood is exported in 2020 Fish as food Nutritional dependence on seafood Golden et al (2016) Nature Threats to the ability of fisheries to support nutrient security Threats to the ability of fisheries to support nutrient security Climate change impact on micronutrient availability Robinson et al (2022) One Earth Seafood consumption Naylor et al (2021) Nature Comm Seafood consumption Naylor et al (2021) Nature Comm Seafood consumption Naylor et al (2021) Nature Comm Seafood contribution to human nutrition % of recommended nutrient intake 0% A L q a u n a d t i c 50% 100% Adapted from Golden et al. (2021) Nature Environmental impacts of animal foods Energy GHG Acid Eutrophication Hilborn et al.(2018) Front. Ecol Environ Risks Risks Troell et al (2022) EAT Lancet commission scoping report Nutritional diversity Nutrient content varies considerably among species Bianchi et al (2022) Communications Earth & Environment Species nutrient variability Species from tropical thermal regimes contain higher concentration of calcium, iron, zinc Species from cold thermal regimes contain higher concentration of omega-3 fatty acids Smaller species contain higher concentration of calcium, iron and omega-3 fatty acids Species with a pelagic feeding contains higher concentration of omega-3 fatty acids Hicks et al (2019) Nature Nutritional databases FishBase Nutrient Tool Phylogenetic relatedness is associated with similar nutrient profiles. Vaitla et al (2018) Nature Comm Nutritional databases Aquatic Food Composition Database (AFCD) Nutrients in multidimensional research Andreoli et al. (in prep) Biodiversity enhances nutritional benefits Bernhardt & O’Connor (2021) PNAS Contribution of small-scale fisheries in nutrient provision Viana et al (2023) Nature Scientific Reports Importance of small-scale fisheries in nutrient provision Viana et al (2023) Nature Scientific Reports Managing fisheries for Maximum Nutrient Yield  Thanks for listening! [email protected] All images in this presentation are licenced under CC BY-NC-ND, unless otherwise stated.