Year 1 Student Slides: Anatomy and Function of the Nose PDF
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Adrian Rogerson
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Summary
These slides provide an overview of the anatomy and function of the human nose. The document details the four main functions of the nasal cavity, including warming and humidifying air and trapping pathogens. It also explains various regions and components of the nose, including its respiratory and olfactory aspects, and the role of paranasal sinuses.
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Year 1: Anatomy and function of the nose Adrian Rogerson The functions of the nose The nasal cavity has four functions: 1. To warm and humidify inspired air 2. To trap and remove pathogens and particulate matter from the inspired air 3. To provide a sense of smell 4. To drain...
Year 1: Anatomy and function of the nose Adrian Rogerson The functions of the nose The nasal cavity has four functions: 1. To warm and humidify inspired air 2. To trap and remove pathogens and particulate matter from the inspired air 3. To provide a sense of smell 4. To drain and clear the paranasal sinuses and lacrimal (tear) ducts Paranasal sinuses Regions of the nose The nose is an important organ for inhalation (and that process’s contribution to respiration) and for our sense of smell (olfaction). The nose is composed of three main regions: Olfactory region The vestibule is the first part of the nasal cavity which contains hairs that filter dust and other particulates The respiratory region warms and humidifies inspired air and secretes mucus. As air moves through this region it is slowed by three curved Turbinate shelves of bone called turbinates (sometimes s referred to as concha). The air warms to body temperature and reaches nearly 100% humidity The olfactory region contains olfactory receptors which are involved in the sense of smell. This region helps protect us from harm (e.g. the Respiratory region detection of smoke, harsh chemicals or food which Nasal vestibule has spoiled/turned bad) and is linked to nutrition and our sense of taste The sinuses Paranasal sinuses are air-filled extensions of the respiratory region of the nasal cavity. There are four paired sinuses, named after the bones that contain them: Frontal (lower forehead) Frontal sinus Sphenoid (behind the nose) Ethmoid (beside the upper nose) Ethmoid sinus Maxillary (cheekbones) Maxillary sinus Sphenoid sinus The function of the sinuses is debated, however it has been suggested that the four main functions are to: Humidify inspired air Reduce the weight of the skull Support the immune defence of the nasal cavity Resonate speech
