Earth Science Questions PDF

What is Earth Science? Order the following layers of the Earth according to increasing density: crust, core, mantle What happens to density as substances cool down or heat up? What is convection? Do all substances solidify at the same temperature? What are the sources of Earth’s heat? What are...

What is Earth Science? Order the following layers of the Earth according to increasing density: crust, core, mantle What happens to density as substances cool down or heat up? What is convection? Do all substances solidify at the same temperature? What are the sources of Earth’s heat? What are the strengths and limitations of science? Can hypotheses and theories be proven wrong? How do you know if you can trust what you read? What are stars? How are stars classified? What factors affect a star’s luminosity (absolute brightness)? What additional factor affects a star’s apparent brightness? What does color tell you about a star’s temperature? (How hot is it?) What are the stages of stellar progression? Where does fusion take place in a main-sequence stars? Where does fusion take place in red giant and supergiants? What is the ultimate fate of low-mass stars? Is there a remnant-core? What is the ultimate fate of intermediate-mass stars like our Sun? What are the ultimate fates of high-mass stars? What is a planetary nebula? What is a supernova? What is a neutron star? Where do black holes come from? What is the Solar Nebula Hypothesis? How did the Solar System form? What are protoplanets and how did they form? How did the rocky planets form? Which planets are they? How did the gas giants form? Which planets are they? ​ What was the Protoearth like? How did the atmosphere form? What was the early atmosphere like? What produced the oxygen that became abundant in the atmosphere? How did the oceans form? How old is the Earth? How did the Moon form? What are the light and dark areas of the Moon? Why do we only see one side of the Moon? What are asteroids? What are comets? What is the difference between meteoroids, meteors, and meteorites? What is the Asteroid Belt? What is the Kuiper Belt? What is the Oort Cloud? What is the rock cycle? How are igneous rocks formed? How are sedimentary rocks formed? How are metamorphic ​ rocks formed? What are the different types of weathering? What are the resulting products? How do dissolved mineral ions and loose grains become a single unified rock (lithification process)?​ What are the 2 types of sedimentary rocks and how are they different? How are breccia and conglomerate different? How are arkose and quartz sandstone different? What are Evaporites and how are they formed? What type of environments produce limestone and chert and how are these rocks different? How does coal form? What environments produce well sorted, poorly sorted, and graded bedding? What type of environments produce cross-bedding?