Week 6 Lecture 1: Core Systems & Theories of Number PDF

Core Knowledge Perspective Number Sense as a Case Study Week 6, Lecture 1, Feb 12, 2024 Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory Information Processing Theory Core Knowledge Perspective as an Alternative Theory Infants are born with several innate knowledge systems or...

Core Knowledge Perspective Number Sense as a Case Study Week 6, Lecture 1, Feb 12, 2024 Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory Information Processing Theory Core Knowledge Perspective as an Alternative Theory Infants are born with several innate knowledge systems or core domains of thought that enable early rapid learning and adaptation 3 Numerical Processing Skills ‘Intuitive Number Sense’ Cantlon & Brannon , 2006; Brannon & Terrace, 1998; Moyer & Landauer, 1967 Assessing intuitive number sense Nonsymbolic Comparison Which quantity is larger? Bugden & Ansari, 2011; DeWind & Brannon, 2015; Halberda et al., 2008 5 Number Comparison Squares Assessing intuitive number sense Ratio effect Easier 9 vs 3.3 ratio Harder 9 vs 6.67 ratio 17 Bugden & Ansari, 2011; DeWind & Brannon, 2015; Halberda et al., 2008 Intuitive Number Sense 18 Numerical change detection paradigm Dependent measure provides ratio-dependent graded preference scores Libertus & Brannon, 2010, Developmental Science Starr, Libertus & Brannon, 2013, Infancy IPS and other parietal regions recruited for number processing early in human development Number > Shape Cantlon, Carter, Brannon & Pelphrey, 2006, PLoS Biology Bugden et al., 2012, Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Infant methods reveal right IPS in preverbal number processing ERP Libertus, Brannon & Woldorff, 2011 fNIRS Hyde, Boaz, Blair, and Carey, 2010 Is it foundational for higher level math? Numerical Magnitude E.g. Feigenson, Dehaene, & Spelke, 2004; Jordan et al., 2009; Merkley & Ansari, 2016 Accumulating evidence that symbolic math and number sense are correlated Halberda, Mazzocco, Feigenson, 2008, Nature What is the problem with correlation studies? Third Variable Problem Is the relationship between intuitive number sense and math associated with number? Maybe tasks that assess intuitive number sense have nothing to do with number? Liebovich et al., 2016 It cannot infer causation Is there evidence that the intuitive number sense is foundational using experimental designs? Can intuitive number sense training increase math readiness in children? Preschool videos and data Philadelphia N = 111, Third and Fourth Grade Children Approximate Arithmetic Training Nonsymbolic arithmetic training in elementary schools Training Apps: Nonsymbolic arithmetic Pre & Post Tests: Arithmetic Spatial n-back control group Geometry Does training with nonsymbolic arithmetic improve performance on symbolic arithmetic? Approximate arithmetic training did not lead to improve math scores Why do you think that intuitive number sense training does not work? Test 1: 45 Marks (30% course grade) 35 MC items 10 T/F items 1 – 3 of the items created by you Questions come from Chapters 1, 2, 4, 6, & 7 And lecture slides CLOSED book test Bring your own pencil & your student card Design your own test questions