Translating Poetry PDF

TRANSLATING POETRY *Lyric Poetry Lyric poetry is a type of poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings of a single speaker. It is usually short and song-like. In the ancient world, lyric poems were those which were sung in the accompany of the lyre or harp-lik...

TRANSLATING POETRY *Lyric Poetry Lyric poetry is a type of poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings of a single speaker. It is usually short and song-like. In the ancient world, lyric poems were those which were sung in the accompany of the lyre or harp-like instruments. Lyric poems may be sung or accompanied by music, but may also not. Lyrics often have a refrain or a line or lines that are repeated throughout the poem.  Repetition: repeated use of sounds, words, phrases, or sentences. Poets use repetition for emphasis as well as to create a musical effect. There are four popular devices that rely on repetition: 1) Alliteration: repetition of initial consonant sounds (e.g. A big bully beats a baby boy.) *Sound 2) Consonance: The close repetition of identical consonant sounds before and after different vowels. The same Devices consonant sound repeats within a group of words. An example of consonance is: «Teddy Reddish» 3) Assonance: repetition of similar vowel sounds (e.g. Men sell the wedding bells.) 4) Refrain: repetition of a whole line (e.g. «Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light.»)  Rhyme: repetition of sounds at the ends of words. ---End rhyme is the most common type of rhyme, which occurs when rhyming words appear at the ends of lines. *Sound Devices --–Internal rhyme occurs when rhyming words appear within the same line. «Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.» The Raven (By Edgar Allen Poe) *Sound  Onomatopoeia: use of words that imitate sounds—for example, words boom, dong, Devices  crackle, moo, pop, whizz, zoom Pun: a play on words, usually for a comic reception. In other words, it is a joke exploiting/using the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are some words which sound alike but have different meanings. e.g. sun/son “The conductor minds the train and a teacher trains the mind.” *Types of Lyric Poetry: Sonnet The development of the sonnet form was originally made as a love poem by the Renaissance Italian poet, Francesco Petrarch. A sonnet is a fixed verse lyric poem that has 14 lines. The Petrarchan sonnet divides the 14 lines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a six-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDECDE. Sonnets are often about a thought or feeling and have a final line that summarizes the theme. Most often these last lines result in a twist and turn, which is called a volta. *Different Types of Lyric Poetry: Sonnet The English (Shakespearean) sonnet, on the other hand, has three quatrains and a final separately rhymed couplet.  divides the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG.  a Shakespearean sonnet is generally written in iambic pentameter, in which there are 10 syllables in each line.  The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).  Sonnet gives an ideal setting for a poet to explore strong emotions. Due to its short length, it is easy to manage for both the writer and the reader. *Shakespeare’s Sonnets: Sonnet 18 Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. *EXERCISE: Make comment on the Turkish translation of Sonnet 18. Seni bir yaz gününe benzetmek mi, ne gezer? Çok daha güzelsin sen, çok daha cana yakın: Taze tomurcukları sert rüzgârlar örseler, Kısacıktır süresi yeryüzünde bir yazın: Işıldar göğün gözü, yakacak kadar sıcak, Ve sık sık kararı da yaldız düşer yüzünden; Her güzel, güzellikten er geç yoksun kalacak Kader ya da varlığın bozulması yüzünden; Ama hiç solmayacak sendeki ölümsüz yaz, Güzelliğin yitmez ki asla olmaz ki hurda; Gölgesindesin diye ecel caka satamaz Sen çağları aşarken bu ölmez satırlarda: İnsanlar nefes alsın, gözler görsün elverir, Yaşadıkça şiirim, sana da hayat verir. Çeviri : Talât Sait HALMAN EXERCISE Translate Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 into Turkish. *Shakespeare’s Sonnets: Sonnet 130 My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask’d, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. EXERCISE: Compare the two Turkish translations TURKISH TRANSLATION (1) Sevgilimin gözleri değil güneşin dengi, Mercan daha kırmızı onun dudaklarından; Kar beyaz da ne diye onun göğsü külrengi, Saçlar simse fışkırmış kara simler başından. Ben güller görmüşümdür yarı pembe yarı ak, Onun yanaklarında öyle güller ne arar; Cana can katar nice kokuları koklamak, Sevgilimin soluğu güzel kokmaz o kadar Musikî gibi gelir sözleri kulağıma, Yine de musikînin kat kat büyüktür tadı; Tanrıça nasıl yürür görmemişimdir ama, Sevgilim yürüyüp de gök katına çıkmadı: Şu var ki ozanların boş lâfına karnı tok, Yoksa tanrı bilir ya, sevgilimin eşi yok. https://www.antoloji.com/sone-130-siiri/ TURKISH TRANSLATION 2 Hanımımın gözleri güneşe hiç benzemiyor; Mercan, dudaklarının kırmızısından çok daha kırmızıdır; Kar beyazsa göğüsleri neden soluktur? Saçlar tel telse, başında siyah teller biter. Kırmızı ve beyaz damasklı güller gördüm, Ama onun yanaklarında böyle güller göremiyorum; Ve bazı parfümlerde daha fazla keyif vardır Hanımımın kokan nefesinden daha çok. Onun konuşmasını dinlemeyi seviyorum, ama yine de iyi biliyorum O müziğin sesi çok daha hoştur; Hiçbir tanrıçanın gittiğini görmedim; Hanımım yürürken yere basıyor. Ve yine de, Tanrı aşkına, aşkımın nadir olduğunu düşünüyorum Herkes gibi o da yalan yanlış karşılaştırmalarla yalanladı. https://poets.org/poem/my-mistress-eyes-are-nothing-sun-sonnet-130 EXERCISE Translate Shakespeare’s Sonnet 130 into Turkish. *Robert Frost, “The Road Not Taken” (1916) Historical Context  Frost wrote "The Road Not Taken" at the start of World War I, just before returning to the United States from England.  As a poem about the impossibility of understanding the significance of one's life choices, "The Road Not Taken" can be read in the context of Frost's personal life, as he moved his family overseas, just as easily as it can be read in the context of world history, with a global war suddenly and unexpectedly erupting and changing people's lives. *“The Road Not Taken” (1916) Literary Context  As in many of Frost's later poems, "The Road Not Taken" takes place in a pastoral setting in which the characters' actions take on symbolic significance to illustrate some general truth about human life.  In a time when many of his contemporaries were turning away from the traditional verse practices of the 19th century, Frost was markedly more conservative in his technique, always using traditional meters. However, he made his poems feel distinctly modern through his use of colloquial and everyday speech. “The Road Not Taken” (1916) Form "The Road Not Taken" rhymes and has a strict meter, but it doesn't adhere to any specific poetic form that dictates, for instance, how many lines a poem must have. "The Road Not Taken" is a 20-line poem made up of four five-line stanzas. Rhyme Scheme "The Road Not Taken" follows a strict ABAAB rhyme scheme. “The Road Not Taken” (1916) Themes: o Choices and Uncertainty o Individualism and Nonconformity Symbols: o Diverging Roads o The Road Less Traveled  Speaker: The speaker of "The Road Not Taken" is anonymous and has no specified gender. The speaker in the poem, faced with a choice between two roads, takes the road "less traveled," a decision which he or she supposes "made all the difference." EXERCISE 1 Read «The Road Not Taken,» and compare it with its Turkish translations.  https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44272/the-road-not-taken  https://www.siirparki.com/rfrost6.html EXERCISE 2 Translate «The Road Not Taken» into Turkish.