Marpol Convention Annex 3-4-5-1 PDF

MARPOL annex 3, 4 og 5. Geir M. Moholdt USN –høst 2024. 13.11.2024 Oppsummering kvalitativ 1  Learning objectives Objectives of the IMDG Code Content of the IMDG Code Different types of dangerous goods Documentati...

MARPOL annex 3, 4 og 5. Geir M. Moholdt USN –høst 2024. 13.11.2024 Oppsummering kvalitativ 1  Learning objectives Objectives of the IMDG Code Content of the IMDG Code Different types of dangerous goods Documentation and reporting procedures Regulation for discharge of sewage Prevention of pollution by garbage from ships Garbage management plan Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Annex 3 - harmful substances in packaged form Dangerous goods are substances or articles which can pose a threat to people, property and/or the environment They can exist in three physical states – as a solid, liquid or gas – and can present a range of dangers in a transport environment – flammability, toxicity (poisonous) and corrosivity being the most common Many dangerous goods are essential in the manufacture of other products such as cars, plastics, electronics and pharmaceuticals on which progress and world trade depend Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  IMDG Code The International Maritime Dangerous Goods or IMDG Code was adopted in 1965 as per the SOLAS (Safety for Life at Sea) Convention of 1960 under the IMO The objective of the Code is to enhance the safe transport of dangerous goods while facilitating the free unrestricted movement of such goods Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  IMDG Code …………. The key objectives are to: protect human life prevent marine pollution facilitate the free movement of dangerous goods Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  IMDG Code……………… The IMDG code also ensures that the goods transported through seaways are packaged in such a way that they can be safely transported The dangerous goods code is a uniform code which means that the code is applicable to all cargo-carrying ships around the world Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  IMDG Code - seafarers All the crew members engaged on a ship and involved directly with dangerous cargo carried on the ship must undergo dangerous goods course, which is based on STCW requirements The seafarer should be able to classify dangerous goods and identify the shipping names of dangerous goods He/she should know how the particular IMDG cargo should be packed He should understand different types of markings, labels or placards used to address various dangerous goods Must know safe practice to load/unload the cargo unit carrying the IMDG product Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Different types of dangerous goods Class 1 - Explosives Class 2 - Gases Class 3 - Flammable liquids Class 4 - Flammable solids and other flammable substances Class 5 - Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides Class 6 - Toxic and infectious substances Class 7 - Radioactive material Class 8 - Corrosive substances Class 9 - Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Identifying dangerous goods All dangerous goods are uniquely identified for transport using a number and name allocated by the United Nations (UN Number and ‘Proper Shipping Name’ or PSN) The UN number and PSN facilitate rapid and precise identification during transport to ensure correct handling, stowage, segregation etc., and appropriate actions in an emergency Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Overview of the IMDG Code The IMDG Code requires certain provisions to be followed whenever dangerous goods are shipped by sea. These provisions require that dangerous goods are correctly and safely: Classified and identified Packed Marked, labelled and placarded Documented Stowed on board the vessel Segregated from other goods with which they may react dangerously Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Updating the IMDG Code The IMDG Code is an international regulation that is updated every two years to reflect biennial revisions in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN Model Regulations) Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Annex 4 -Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships  The discharge of raw sewage into the sea can create a health hazard  Sewage can also lead to oxygen depletion and can be an obvious visual pollution in coastal areas - a major problem for countries with tourist industries  Annex IV contains a set of regulations regarding the discharge of sewage into the sea from ships, including regulations regarding the ships' equipment and systems for the control of sewage discharge, the provision of port reception facilities for sewage, and requirements for survey and certification Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Annex 4 regulations It is generally considered that on the high seas, the oceans are capable of assimilating and dealing with raw sewage through natural bacterial action The regulations in Annex IV of MARPOL prohibit the discharge of sewage into the sea within a specified distance from the nearest land, unless otherwise provided Governments are required to ensure the provision of adequate reception facilities at ports and terminals for the reception of sewage, without causing delay to ships Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Annex 5 - Regulations for the prevention of pollution by garbage from ships MARPOL Annex V seeks to eliminate and reduce the amount of garbage being discharged into the sea from ships Unless expressly provided otherwise, Annex V applies to all ships, which means all ships of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment, from merchant ships to fixed or floating platforms to non-commercial ships like pleasure crafts and yachts Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Annex 5 For a long while, many people believed that the oceans could absorb anything that was thrown into them – today we know better Garbage from ships can be just as deadly to marine life as oil or chemicals The greatest danger comes from plastic, which can float for years Fish and marine mammals can in some cases mistake plastics for food and they can also become trapped in plastic ropes, nets, bags Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Port reception facilities The effectiveness of ships to comply with the discharge requirements of MARPOL depends largely upon the availability of adequate port reception facilities, especially within special areas Annex V also obliges Governments to ensure the provision of adequate reception facilities at ports and terminals for the reception of garbage without causing undue delay to ships, and according to the needs of the ships using them Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Port State Control Regulation 9 of Annex V makes it clear that port State control officers can inspect a foreign- flagged ship at a port or an offshore terminal of its State "where there are clear grounds for believing that the master or crew are not familiar with essential shipboard procedures relating to the prevention of pollution by garbage" Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Placard Regulation 10.1 also requires every ship of 12 metres in length or over and every fixed or floating platform to display placards notifying passengers and crew of the disposal requirements of the Annex These placards should be written in the working language of the ship's crew and also in English, French or Spanish for ships travelling to other States' ports or offshore terminals Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Garbage Management Plan All ships of 100 gross tonnage and above, every ship certified to carry 15 persons or more, and every fixed or floating platform must carry a garbage management plan on board This pan shall include written procedures for minimizing, collecting, storing, processing and disposing of garbage, including the use of the equipment on board Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Is this ok? Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Accidental loss overboard of containers must be notified to shore authorities. Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Garbage Record Book All ships of 400 gross tonnage and above and every ship which is certified to carry 15 persons or more engaged in voyages to ports and offshore terminals under the jurisdiction of another Party to the Convention and every fixed or floating platform to provide a Garbage Record Book and to record all disposal and incineration operations Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Garbage Record Book…………… The date, time, position of the ship, description of the garbage and the estimated amount incinerated or discharged must be logged and signed The Garbage Record Book must be kept for a period of two years after the date of the last entry If ship personnel can adequately account for all their garbage, they are unlikely to be wrongly penalized for discharging garbage when they have not done so Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Special areas The special areas established under Annex V are: the Mediterranean Sea area the Baltic Sea area the Black Sea area the Red Sea area the Gulfs area the North Sea area the Wider Caribbean Region and the Antarctic area. Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge  Problemstillinger! Mer enn 8 millioner tonn plast ender antakelig opp i havet hvert år. Fortsetter vi slik, kan det i år 2050 bli mer plast i verdenshavene enn det er fisk, advarer FNs miljøprogram UNEP 90% av all plast som renner ut i havet kommer fra 10 elver (8 fra Asia, 2 fra Afrika) Det bor mange mennesker i området rundt elvene og sideelvene, noen ganger flere hundre millioner Avfallshåndteringen i landene hvor disse elvene renner gjennom, er ikke tilfredsstillende (Ref tidsskriftet Environmental Science and Technology, 2017) På bakgrunn av disse fakte hvorfor skal vi fokusere på søppelforurensning fra skip som i denne sammenheng er veldig lite? Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge