Medical Terminology - Radiologic Technology PDF

Radiologic Technology Medical Terminologies Other Medical Terminologies BURSA a small fluid-filled sac or sac like cavity situated in places in tissues where friction would otherwise occur. to facilitate the gliding of muscles or tendons over body or ligamentous surfaces NARES (nerēz...

Radiologic Technology Medical Terminologies Other Medical Terminologies BURSA a small fluid-filled sac or sac like cavity situated in places in tissues where friction would otherwise occur. to facilitate the gliding of muscles or tendons over body or ligamentous surfaces NARES (nerēz) plural of naris the external openings of the nasal activity also called nostrils FLATUS gas or air in the GIT gas or air expelled through the anus BORBORYGMI a rumbling noise caused by propulsion of gas through the intestines bowel sounds indicating hunger GURNEY (gernē) a wheeled cot used in hospitals used to transport patients. KYPHOSIS (kai-fow-suhs) extreme curvature of the upper back also known as hunchback XERODERMA excessive dryness of the skin, a mild form of itchyosis. ETIOLOGY the science and study of the causes of disease and their mode of operation HEMOPTYSIS coughing of blood or bloody sputum from the lungs or airway. PTERYGIUM a wing like structure, an abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiva to the cornea (caused by ultraviolet radiation) EXOPTHALMIA protrusion of one or both eyeballs (common cause of hyperthyroidism) INTUSSUSCEPTION endfolding of one segment of the intestine within another HYPOPNEA abnormal decrease in depth and rate of respiration Hypopnea episodes often occur along with sleep apnea events that cause the body to stop breathing completely for a few seconds until the brain tells it to wake up. XYLOCAINE trademark for preparations of lidocaine, a topical anaesthetic CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS occurence of calcili in the common bile duct LITHOTRIPSY used of high energy shock waves to fragment and disintegrate; Lithotripsy is a procedure that breaks up kidney stones and other hardened masses using shock waves. SYNCOPE loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished cerebral blood flow NEPHROPTOSIS downward displacement of a kidney nephropexy: surgical treatment to reposition COELOM fluid cavity within the body of most multicellular animals also called “body cavity”; cushion for internal organs (protective) MORGUE (morg) a place in which bodies of persons found dead are kept until identified or claimed ACNE an inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin that is marked by the erupton of pimples or postules, especially on the face IATROGENIC induced unintentionally in a patient by a physician used especially of an infection or other complication of treatment DISEASE anything that is abnormal PATHOLOGY study if diseases also called pathobiology PATHOGENESIS cellular level manifestation development of a disease or morbid condition DIAGNOSIS identification of a disease from its symptoms opinion derived from such evaluation DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS a systematic method of diagnosing a disorder that lacks unique symptoms or signs ETIOLOGY the study of causes or origins of disease ACUTE short but the cause is severe extremely sharp or severe but treatable CHRONIC lasting for a long period of time (disease) cannot be treated but can be manageable SEQUELAE an acute disease that has a long term effect REMISSION temporary/short term or long term of signs or symptoms but not sure if the disease is treatable. SIGNS objective manifestation observed by others; measurable (e.g. heartrate) SYMPTOMS subjective manifestation observed by patients (e.g. pain, fatigue, and nausea) SYNDROME group of signs and symptoms of a certain disease (e.g. Down Syndrome) NEOPLASTIC leads to malignant disease/cancer uncontrollable replication/cell division manifest at terminal stage SUBTRACTIVE lower exposure factor NOSOCOMIAL hospital acquired disease  PROGNOSIS prognosis of probable cause or outcome of a disorder. CONGENITAL birth defect (can be inherited or caused by environmental factors) Teratogens affect the fetus; responsibility of the mother IBUPROFEN: it could cause “bare-lip”; a medication that relieves fever, pain, and inflammation (e.g. Advil) HIGH INTAKE OF ALCOHOL: fetal alcohol syndrome (elongated face, white skin) MEASLES: it could cause blindness and deafness to child (tigdas) Audiometry Test: a test to check the ability to hear sounds PKU (Phenylketonuria): an inborn error of metabolism that results in decreased metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine (e.g. diet pills, diet drinks) which can cause abnormalities to child HEREDITARY any disease that is caused by an abnormality in an individual’s genome, the person’s entire genetic make-up all hereditary are congenital HGP (Human Genome Project) haploid (helps in identifying gene markers) Gene Markers a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species. also important in identifying disease (e.g. cancer) comes out in every generation (e.g. asthma) recessive disease; hereditary INFLAMMATORY acts a defene againts pathogens Types: Local Inflammation and Systemic Inflammation TRAUMATIC mental illness that are caused by traumatic experiences or significant stress can be mechanical, chemical, pathological or by accidents, or radiation METABOLIC any of the diseases or disorders that disrupt normal metabolism, the process of cionverting to energy on a cellular G6PDlevel (Glucose-6-Phosphatase Dehydrogenease) a genetic disorder that most often affects males metabolic dysfunction; infantile (babies); diabetes DEGENERATIVE the result of a continuous process based on degenerative cell changes, affecting tissues or organs which will increasingly deteriorate over time. DERMATOLOGY the branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders ORTHOPEDICS the branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of the heart as well as some parts of the circulatory system. HEMATOLOGY the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood IMMUNOLOGY a branch of biology that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms; counter attach pathogens PULMONOLOGY a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract GASTROENTEROLOGY the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders UROLOGY aka “genitourinary surgery” the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the male and female urinary tract and reproductive system NEPHROLOGY a specialty of medicine and pediatrics that concerns itself with the kidney NEUROLOGY the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of disorders of the nervous system ENDOCRINOLOGY the branch of physiology and medicine concerned with endocrine glands and hormones OPTHALMOLOGY a branch of medicine and surgery that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with conditions of the ears, nose, and throat, and related structures of the head and neck. RADIOLOGY the medical specialty that uses medical imaging to diagnose and treat diseases within the human body. SPECIALIZATION PEDIATRICS, CHIROPRACTICE, NEONATOLOGIST, DENTISTRY ALLIED HEALTH Radiologic Technology, Respiratory Therapy, Medical Technology, Pharmacy, Nursing, Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Midwifery, Dentistry, Optometry  -alysis analysis of a specific structure (urinalyis - analysis of urine) -assay assessment; evaluation; test of measure -centesis puncture; to collect something (e.g. thoracentesis - removes fluid from the pleural space, the area between the lungs and chest wall) -electro electricity -sono sound DIAGNOSIS -ultra son/o high frequency  arterial blood gas (ABG) measurement of the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide that a person has aspiration aspirate sample of CSF, amniotic fluid using syringe (protects fetus) ausculation the act of listening to the sound from the heart, lungs or the organs, typically with a stethoscope as a part of medical diagnostic barrium swallow/barrium test using a contrast material to image the GIT tract BS DIAGNOSIS examination of the upper GIT BE examination of the lower GIT  cardiac stress test to check heart fracture, done more on running on a threadmill conization taking a sample of the cervix to check for possible cancer cells or for how far the tumor has gone, or as a confirmation after a papsmear catheterization Angiography is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays to create pictures of blood vessels and organs. It's also known as arteriography. Digital Rectal Examination for males; for detecting prostate cancer DIAGNOSIS doppler UTZ (ultrasound) colored UTZ: identifies veins and arteries (see blood flow directio umbilical cord (AVA): for higher supply of blood supply of baby  evoked responses test memory, touch responses, special senses The brainstem auditory evoked response test (BAER), is performed to help diagnose nervous-system abnormalities, hearing losses (especially in low-birth weight newborns), and to assess neurologic functions. The test focuses on changes and responses in brain waves. fecal occult blood test color of the blood on the stool gastric bleeding (dark) hemorrhoidal bleeding DIAGNOSIS  fundoscopy evaluation of the eye ball aka opthalmoscopy Holter Monitor battery-operated portable device that measures and records heart’s activity continuously for 24 to 48 hours attached to the patient. Ishihara Color System evaluation of the eye contains number of colored plates vision defect Jaeger Reading Card DIAGNOSIS measue visual activity/near vision reading up close  KUB (Kidneys, Ureter, and Bladder) xray exam/procedure to diagnose and assess the urinary system laparoscopy examination of the organs inside the abdomen lumbar puncture collect cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic testing cushions brain and spinal cord from injury DIAGNOSIS  -stomy incision; a part of the organ is put out in the opening (e.g. colostomy) -tom/o slice/layer (e.g. phlebotomy = draw blood from patient) -tripsy breaking; crushing (e.g. neurotripsy: surgical crushing of a nerve) -rrhapy suture (e.g. tenorrhaphy: surgical joining of a severed tendon with a suture -plasty TREATMENT surgical correction (e.g. abdominoplasty - tummy tack)/ pag-alis ng bilbil  amputation cutting of extremities stump the basal portion of a bodily part (as a limb) remaining after the rest is removed. ablation destroy the function of the tissue because it is abnormal A catheter or probe is inserted into the body to deliver the treatment. Cardiac ablation is a treatment to stop or prevent irregular heartbeats, called arrhythmias. TREATMENT anastomosis putting together 2 tubular structures to be connected For example, when part of an intestine is surgically removed, the two remaining ends are sewn or stapled together (anastomosed).  arthrodesis Arthrodesis, also known as joint fusion, is a surgical procedure that fuses two or more bones in a joint together. autograft tissue transplanted from one part of the body to another in the same individual. AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR used to help those experiencing sudden cardiac arrest, automatically defibrillator when there is emergency in heart bariatic surgery for obese patients lessen the size of stomach or small intestine TREATMENT BONE MINERAL DENSITY check calcium component of bone aka DEXA (dual energyt xray absorptry)  brace to strengthen the structure cannula placing artificial connection between 2 structures circumcision for hygiene purposes colpopexy to fix uterus that was prolapsed to put up and attach to the wall of vagina TREATMENT CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS remove wastes, chemicals, and extra fluid from your body “dialysate” - liquid, is put into your abdomen through a catheter  CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT/GRAFTING heart is already blocked; bypass graft to lessen traffic is due to fats and etc place another bypass artery to get from lower extermities cryosurgery liquid nitrogen so that pathological tissues will be frozen and due debridement removal of dead tissues/foreign objects after getting burned dialysis process of treatment that filters and purifies the blood to help keep your fluids and electrolytes in balance when the kidneys TREATMENT do their job. episiotomy cut apart of perineum so that a women will deliver the baby normally.  excision surgical removal EXTRACORPUSCULAR SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY generates a shock wave treating stones in the kidney fistulectomy abnormal communication between 2 tubular structures A fistula is an abnormal connection between two body parts, such as an organ or blood vessel and another structure. Fistulas are usually the result of an injury or surgery. Infection or inflammation can also cause a fistula to form. treatment of fistula TREATMENT  forceps extraction forcep baby; the baby will be pulled with a forcep only perform when there is a difficulty in delivering gingivectomy removal of dead gums could cause bad breath (halitosis) heart transplant replace the heart to be filtered by dialysis machine because the kindey is no more functional heterograft/xenograft material/substance from non-human (e.g, pig heart) TREATMENT homograft/allograft collected from same donor (e.g. skin grafts)  forceps extraction forcep baby; the baby will be pulled with a forcep only perform when there is a difficulty in delivering gingivectomy removal of dead gums could cause bad breath (halitosis) heart transplant replace the heart to be filtered by dialysis machine because the kindey is no more functional heterograft/xenograft material/substance from non-human (e.g, pig heart) TREATMENT homograft/allograft collected from same donor (e.g. skin grafts)  liposuction removal of fats lobectomy remove one lobe of lungs otography scientific study of the ear TREATMENT  ASSIGNMENT What is APGAR Scoring? 1.What are its indicators and its importance? 20 POINTS 2. How it is performed? 3. What is the normal score? Submit it using your Canvas accounts. 4. Who developed it? Thank you for your attention