WEEK 3-4.pptx

Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II PRELIMINARIES EARTH MATERIALS AND PROCESSES Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II OBJECTIVES: Explain the different 1 characteristics of minerals; Classify and describe the 2 three basic rock types; Create awareness on the 3 importance of rocks and minerals around us through infographics. LET’S RECALL Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II WHAT IS A 1 MINERAL? WHAT COMPOSES 2 A MINERAL? HOW DO YOU CLASSIFY 3 A MINERAL BASED ON CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II VOCABULARY Complete the crossword puzzle by INSTRUCTIONS: identifying what is being described. 1.It is solid inorganic ACROSS substance of natural occurrence. 4. It is a mineral found in pencils. 2. It is a mineral found in salt. DOWN 3. It has definite shape and volume. 5. It is also known as sodium chloride. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II VOCABULARY (ANSWERS KEY) H M I N E R A S L L O I L S T I G R A P H I T D E L T Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE JEWELRY? WHERE DO YOU THINK THEY CAME FROM? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II Identify the following objects and determine what type INSTRUCTIONS: of minerals are present in each object. 1 PENCIL- GRAPHITE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level II 2 BABY POWDER- TALC Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I 3 CELLPHONE BATTERY- LITHIUM Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I 4 CAR BATTERY- COBALT Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I 5 ROAD ASPHALT- ASPHALT Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I THE PROCESS QUESTIONS: What have you observed 1 from the objects and minerals? What is the significance of 2 minerals in our daily lives? How can we develop 3 awareness of the importance of these minerals around us? DEFINING MINERALS Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT IS A MINERAL? It is a naturally occurring, inorganic, homogeneous solid, with a definite chemical composition, and an ordered crystalline structure. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT ARE THE PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL? PHYSICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PROPERTIES Characteristics of a Any characteristic of a substance (mineral) that can substance (mineral) that can be observed or measured be determined only by without changing the changing its’ molecular identity of the substance. structure. Common examples would be Common examples would color, streak, luster, and freezing point, boiling hardness. point, and solubility. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL COLOR Refers to certain wavelengths of light that are reflected by a mineral and is perceived by the observer. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL STREAK Is the color of the powdered form of a mineral produced after scraping its edge in a streak plate. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL LUSTER METALLIC LUSTER Is the appearance of a mineral’s surface and is dependent on how it reflects NON- METALLIC light. LUSTER Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL CRYSTAL HABIT Is the characteristic shape in which a mineral grows and is a projection of the mineral’s crystal structure Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL SOME OF THE COMMON CRYSTAL HABITS Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL CLEAVAGE FRACTURE Is the tendency of some Is the pattern in which the minerals to break along mineral breaks aside from flat surfaces. its planes of cleavage. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL HARDNESS DIAMOND HARDNESS: 10 Only diamond can cut Is the resistance of through diamond. the minerals to scratching. It is measured using the TALC Mohs Scale of HARDNESS: 1 mineral hardness. Can be easily scratched by a fingernail.. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL MOHS SCALE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL DUCTILITY MALLEABILITY Is the property of a Is the property of a substance to be drawn material to be flatten and made into wires. into thin sheets. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL DENSITY SPECIFIC GRAVITY Is the measurement of Is the ratio of a minerals’ how tightly a mineral is weight to the weight of an packed together. equal volume of water. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL GALLIUM MP: 29.76o C Melts with a hand’s touch due to relatively low melting point. SOLUBILITY MELTING POINT Refers the ability of a substance Refers to the temperature to dissolve in a solvent at a at which solid turns into specified temperature. liquid. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A MINERAL POTASSIUM Strongly reacts with water (H2O) REACTIVITY FLAMMABILITY Refers the ability of a substance Refers to how easily a to combine chemically with mineral ignites resulting other substances. to fire or combustion. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I MINERAL GROUPS BASED ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Chemical Example Description structure Minerals Elements Most of the minerals here are composed of only copper, gold, one element. Having knowledge about elements silver, sulfur enables scientists to identify bonding possibilities and compounds that can be created. Sulfides Minerals under these group are composed of a cinnabar (HgS), metal joined by a sulfur. Metallic luster is the pyrite (FeS2) characteristic that distinguish them. Halides These are nonmetal groups which consists of fluorite (CaF2), chlorine, ﬂuorine, bromine, and iodine as halite (NaCl), their main chemical constituent. diabolite Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I MINERAL GROUPS BASED ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Chemical Example Description structure Minerals Oxides These are mineral groups composed of one cuprite and or more metals joined with oxygen, water, (Cu2O), hydroxide or hydroxyl (OH) hematite s (Fe2O3) Nitrates, It is formed when a metal is combined with malachite, carbonate carbon, nitrogen and boron. nitratine, s, borates borax Sulfates One or more metal is combined with a anhydrite sulfate compound (SO4) (CaSO4) Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I MINERAL GROUPS BASED ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Chemical Example Description structure Minerals Chromates Chromate, molybdate, or tungstate wulfenite , substituted the place of the sulfate group. (PbMoO4), molybdate, These minerals are usually brightly colored, scheelite brittle and dense. tungstates (CaWO4) Phosphate One or metal is chemically combined with the apatite, s, Phosphates, arsenates, vanadates group. lazulite, arsenates, vanadinite vanadates Silicates The largest mineral group. Minerals under this dioptase, group have different amounts of silicon and labradorite Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I COMMON EXAMPLES OF ROCK FORMING MINERALS FELDSPAR MICA QUARTS Has a chemical Is soft, with hardness Has a chemical composition of composition of SiO2. ranging from 2 to 2.5. XAlSi3O8, where X It is easily identified by It is a glass-like hard is potassium (K), its perfect cleavage, substance with white calcium (Ca), or reducing it to thin streaks. sodium (Na). smooth flakes. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I COMMON EXAMPLES OF ROCK FORMING MINERALS DIOPSIDE MgCaSi2O6 PYROXENE MINERALS AMPHIBOLE Have a general composition of Has a general formula of W0- XY(Al,Si)2O6 where X is calcium 1X2Y5Z8O22(OH)2 and has a (Ca) or magnesium (Mg) and Y is dark color with a Mohs hardness either magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), ranging from 5 to 6. It is opaque or aluminum (Al). and has a glassy luster. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I ACTIVITY Fill in the blanks to form the appropriate term that INSTRUCTIONS: best fits the described mineral property. STREAK HARDNESS MALLEABILITY LUSTER DUCTILITY Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I THE PROCESS QUESTIONS: Do the characteristics of minerals 1 have something to do with why it’s called the building blocks of rocks? Why do you say so? Why do you need to give 2 importance to the minerals around us? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I THINK ABOUT IT… Upon knowing the value of minerals in our everyday life, as a student, how can you help in conserving and preserving the natural sources of these minerals? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: BRAINSTORMING In this activity, the students will be going to be grouped with 4-5 members. Each group will brainstorm a specific situation. Situation: Assume you are a mineralogist that discovered a new type of mineral. To inform not only the academe but also the common people, you are then tasked to make a simple infographics that will state its characteristics, properties, and significance (whether economic, health, and scientific). Present these important data through a concept map Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHY DO WE NEED TO LEARN AND STUDY MINERALS – ITS PROPERTIES, CHARACTERISTICS, AND IMPORTANCE? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I CLASS DISMISS Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I PRELIMINARIES TYPES OF ROCKS PROPERTIES AND THEIR Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I OBJECTIVES: Classify the three basic 1 rock types; Describe the three basic 2 rock types; Explain the origin and 3 formation process of three basic rock types. LET’S RECALL Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 1 MINERALS? WHAT ARE THE CHEMICAL 2 PROPERTIES OF MINERALS? WHAT ARE SOME USES 3 OF MINERALS IN OUR DAILY LIFE? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I Arrange the letters to form the correct words by placing the INSTRUCTIONS: correct letter sequence in the shaded box. Then, answer the riddle below by using the corresponding letters found in the numbered boxes in each item. E M N I S T D A Y E R 1 1 E M A I H T P C M O R 2 2 Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I G E N O S U C O R I K 3 3 V A C N I O L 4 4 Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I C A S I L T C 5 5 A N M I R L S E 6 6 Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I THE PROCESS QUESTIONS: Are the words mentioned 1 earlier familiar? Where did you learn 2 about these words? How do these words create 3 an understanding with the concepts about rocks? THE THREE TYPES OF ROCKS Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT ARE IGNEOUS ROCKS? Igneous rocks are formed from solidification of magma or lava which flows out from depth of earth. BASALT LAVA A Volcanic Rock Molten Material from a Volcano Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS Igneous rocks are characterized by an intergrowth of crystals and/or volcanic glass. Crystal size is directly proportional to the cooling rate of magma. BASALT With green Olivine crystals Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS DIORITE FELSITE Formed with large crystals Have fine-grained crystals Big crystals are formed deep underground, while smaller crystals are formed near the surface. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS EXTRUSIVE Forms when magma or volcanic fragments erupt and solidify on Earth’s surface which results to very fine-grained rock PUMICE with very small crystals Produced when lava (with a very high that could not be seen content of water and gases) discharged from a volcano quickly solidifies forming through naked eye. rocks with many pockets of air. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I OTHER EXAMPLES OF EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS ANDESITE OBSIDIAN TUFF RHYOLITE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS INTRUSIVE Forms when magma crystallizes within the crust and is composed of medium to coarse GRANITE grains. Its rich in quartz and feldspar; it is the It is also known as a most common plutonic rock of the Earth's crust, forming by the cooling of plutonic rock. magma (silicate melt) at depth. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I OTHER EXAMPLES OF INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS GABBRO PERIDOTITE DIABASE PEGMATITE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I NAMING AND CLASSIFYING IGNEOUS ROCKS Igneous rocks can be named using the binary system which is mainly based on its texture and composition of the rock. Composition (silica content) Texture Felsic Intermediate Mafic extrusive rhyolite andesite basalt (volcanic) intrusive granite diorite gabbro (plutonic) Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT ARE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS? Sedimentary rocks are formed from organic, mechanical or chemical sediments. A process called lithification is where harden sediments become sedimentary rocks. BEACH SEDIMENTS Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Diagenesis is a collective process where sediments are lithified (becomes rock). Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CLASTIC Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of sediments from pre-existing rocks BRECCIA and are deposited in a wide range of environments, A clastic sedimentary rock including glaciers, slope composed of large angular fragments and a matrix of smaller failures, rivers. material and cement. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I OTHER EXAMPLES OF CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CONGLOMERATE SILTSTONE SANDSTONE SHALE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I NAMING AND CLASSIFYING CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS BASED ON PARTICLE SIZE Texture (grain size) Sediment name Rock name gravel (rounded conglomerate fragments) coarse (over 2 mm) gravel (angular breccia fragments) medium sand sandstone (1/16 to 2 mm) fine silt siltstone (1/16 to 1/256 mm) very fine clay shale (less than 1/256 mm) Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS COQUINA Rocks made of marine organisms BIOLOGICAL Are sedimentary rocks lithified COAL from the accumulation of dead Accumulated plant material organisms. that is carbon-rich Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS LIMESTONE Form from the CHEMICAL precipitation of calcium carbonate Are sedimentary rocks from ocean water formed from chemical precipitation. HALITE Composed primarily of carbonate Formed from the minerals evaporation of seawater DOLOMITE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS FLINT CHEMICAL Rock flints are precipitates made Are sedimentary rocks up of silicon dioxide (SiO2) formed from chemical precipitation. ROCK GYPSUM Rock gypsum precipitates inorganically from excess calcium and sulfate ions in water Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I NAMING AND CLASSIFYING CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS BASED ON COMPOSITION Composition Texture (grain Rock Name Type size) very fine chert (light color) quartz crystalline flint (dark color) chemical dine to coarse gypsum crystalline rock gypsum chemical fine to coarse halite crystalline rock salt chemical altered plant fine-grained fragments organic matter bituminous coal biological Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT ARE METAPHORPHIC ROCKS? Are rocks that have been altered, changed, or transformed in the solid state due to changes in pressure, temperature conditions, and chemical actions of hot fluids. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATION OF METAPHORPHIC ROCKS Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or, more commonly, some combination of these factors in the process call Metamorphism. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATION OF METAPHORPHIC ROCKS Changes in minerals during metamorphism can happen in three possible ways: 1 RECRYSTALLIZATION Occurs when small crystals of one mineral will slowly convert to fewer, larger crystals of the same mineral without melting the rock. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATION OF METAPHORPHIC ROCKS 2 NEOMORPHISM Is the process whereby minerals not only recrystallize, but also form different minerals from the same chemical elements. 3 METASOMATISM Is the addition or loss of elements when new minerals form with only some of the original elements. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF METAMORPHIC PROCESS CONTACT Occurs only at a local area adjacent to large intrusions and along fractures that are in contact with hot fluids. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF METAMORPHIC PROCESS REGIONAL Occurs when there are major igneous intrusions, presence of extreme pressure and heat due to deep burial. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS FOLIATED Are formed when parallel planes of platy or elongated minerals creating what is called PHYLLITE as foliations. Formed by the recrystallization of fine-grained sedimentary parent rock, such as mudstone or shale. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I OTHER EXAMPLES OF FOLIATED METAMORPHIC ROCKS SCHIST SLATE GNEISS Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I TYPES OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS NON-FOLIATED Are another type of metamorphic rocks but do not have layered MARBLE appearance. Metamorphosed limestone or dolomite with large concentrations of calcium carbonate. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I OTHER EXAMPLES OF FOLLIATED METAMORPHIC ROCKS HORNFELS GREENSTONE QUARTZITE ANTHRACITE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I NAMING AND CLASSIFYING METAMORPHIC ROCKS BASED ON THEIR PROTOLITH THE ROCK CYCLE Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I WHAT IS THE ROCK CYCLE? LIMESTONE MARBLE Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock The rock cycle is a web of processes that outlines how each of the three major rock types form and break down based on the different applications of heat and pressure over time. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I R O C K C Y C L E Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I ACTIVITY Fill in the table below by providing the basic INSTRUCTIONS: information about the three types of rocks. Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Rock sample Ex: Limestone Type/ Chemical Sedimentary rock Classification Formation/ From the precipitation of calcium carbonate from Origin ocean water Uses/ Main source of the construction material lime Application Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I REFLECT ON IT… Rocks are all around us. It is used for building materials, cars, roads, and appliances. As a SHS student, how can you promote the sustainable development in utilizing these resources? Give some suggestions. Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: COMPARE ME! Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock In this activity, the students will be going to be grouped with 4-5 members. Each group will make a Venn diagram about the similarities and differences of the three types of rocks. Sedimentary Rock Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I THE PROCESS QUESTIONS: “One rock are the raw 1 material for the other.” What does this statement mean? What is the importance 2 of rocks in our daily lives? How can we give 3 importance to rocks? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I SYNTHESIS WHY DO WE NEED TO LEARN AND STUDY ROCKS – ITS TYPES, ORIGIN, CHARACTERISTICS, AND USES? Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Prk. Atis, Nat’l Highway, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Panabo City 8105 PAASCU Accredited Level I CLASS DISMISS

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