Week 2 Substance Abuse Disorder PDF

Raise your hand if you know someone who uses any of these substances: Cigarettes Vape products Alcohol Street drugs Opiods Marijuana Canadian Stats on Substance Use Disorder Almost 18 percent of Canadians Canada is currently experiencing re...

Raise your hand if you know someone who uses any of these substances: Cigarettes Vape products Alcohol Street drugs Opiods Marijuana Canadian Stats on Substance Use Disorder Almost 18 percent of Canadians Canada is currently experiencing report that they have used an opioid crisis, which has seen an illegal drug at some point in increases in hospitalizations and their lifetime, with hallucinogens deaths due to heroin, fentanyl, being the most used illegal drug, and other opioids followed by cocaine/crack and ecstasy. (Canada, 2025)  Opioid overdose death rate in Canada in 2022, by province(per 100,000 population) What is a substance abuse disorder? Involves the use of substances in ways that can be harmful to the person taking the substance” (Porter, 2015) One simple way of describing addiction (SAD) is the presence of the 4 Cs: Craving loss of Control of amount or frequency of use Compulsion to use use despite Consequences. (CAMH, 2025) What does A substance-related disorder can present itself a in many different ways such as; Not being able to attend work, school, or daily substance- activities related Developing physical or mental health issues as result of substance-related abuse disorder Ongoing use of substances despite the negative effects. look like? Higher agitation levels Neglecting self care Theft to support substance Lying about whereabouts Secretiveness (Porter, 2015) Substance Use Spectrum (CAMH,  Opioids are medicines generally used to manage pain. Opioids include prescription drugs like oxycodone, morphine, codeine, What are and fentanyl. They also include illicit drugs and usages like fentanyl, opioids? carfentanil, and heroin. Prescription opioids can be just as dangerous as illegal opioid drugs such as heroin. Misuse of opioid drugs may lead to addiction, overdose and death (Hamilton, 2025) Fact – In From January 1, 2025 to January 5, 2025, Hamilton Hamilton Paramedic Services responded to 9 incidents related to suspected opioid alone, in overdoses. 5 days…… (Hamilton, 2025  Alcohol is the most commonly used substance in Hamilton. Many Hamiltonians who drink alcohol do so within moderation, unfortunately many others drink alcohol at excessive levels What is Alcohol? Your risk is affected by: How much you drink How often you drink The way you drink (i.e. binge drinking) (Hamilton, 2025)  Cannabis (also known as marijuana, pot, weed, grass, ganga etc.), is a substance derived from the hemp plant. Cannabis can be smoked, vaped, or ingested in the form of food or What is drink. There are more than 400 chemicals in cannabis. cannabis? THC is the chemical in cannabis known to be psychoactive. The THC content in Cannabis is far more potent than it was in the past. Higher potency can result in more harmful effects for those who use it. (Hamilton,  Causes and Risk Factors People become How drugs addicted because Genetic factors interact with the of a combination brain of factors. Coping with Mental health Environment thoughts and issues feelings  There are two treatment courses: abstinence or harm-reduction. Abstinence is the goal of treatment but it may not be the most beneficial for the individual depending on their goals. The Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change) demonstrates the process in Prognosis which we can use for successfully changing behaviour in treatment. Relapse may occur at any time across the continuum of change and is a natural part of the treatment process. There are many mixed reviews on abstinence and harm-reduction approaches (Wood, Wyble & Charters, 2015) What is harm reduction? Harm reduction provides strategies to reduce drug- related harms including death, disease and injury without requiring the cessation of drug use. Harm reduction services, such as the Van Needle and Syringe Program, help reduce the harms that might result from drug use. This is done by distributing safe injection supplies and providing needle disposal, teaching about safer drug use, and referring people to other health and social services. The City of Hamilton provides support and education to persons who use drugs. The City also provides needles, safe injection supplies and disposal. (Hamilton, 2025)  Systems Affected Poor nutrition Strained relationships Lung damage Decreased liver function Cognitive health concerns Poor judgment Respiratory system Nervous system Along with many other things depending on the Poor sleep substance/s you are using and depending on the Temperament and Energy and drive length you use them for personality functions functions (Wood, Wyble & Charters, 2015 Secondary Problems 1 of 3 Canadians experience personal, Loss of friendships, family physical or emotional Isolation Social life restrictions members, co-workers...etc harm because of their involvement with alcohol Dissatisfying relationships Embarrassment Disruption of routines Feelings of shame Financial instability Anger and resentment Depression Changes in physical health (Wood, Wyble & Charters, 2015).  Treatment using medications should always be paired with at least brief counselling or, if available, a structured treatment program. Common Medications include: Medicatio a nicotine patch, gum or an inhaler, or taking buproprion (Zyban) for smoking cessation ns and methadone or buprenorphine for people who are dependent on heroin or other opioids. Treatment Medications to treat other types of addiction are limited. Naltrexone (Revia) can reduce cravings to drink in people who are alcohol dependent. Naltrexone can also be used to block the effects of opioids. Disulfiram (Antabuse) which causes people to feel sick and nauseous if they drink alcohol, can be used to treat alcohol dependence.  Common Treatment Continued Withdrawal management Many treatment programs offer a variety of other supports and services, including information and counselling about: stress or anger management grief and trauma finding a job or going back to school healthy eating accessing safe, affordable housing getting social assistance or disability benefits managing money and budgeting developing parenting skills.. Adapted from Addiction: An Information Guide © 2010 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. Recreation Therapy Interventions Animal Assisted Therapy Adventure Therapy Music, Art and Drama Mindfulness Porter, 2015 Physical Benefits of TR for Substance Abuse Improved Fitness: Engaging in sports and activities increases cardiovascular health and muscle tone. Enhanced Coordination: Activities like dance and sports improve balance and coordination. Increased Strength: Physical activities in therapy build muscular strength. Better Sleep Patterns: Regular physical activity promotes more restful sleep. Boosted Energy Levels: Increased physical health leads to higher energy and better overall well-being  Sometimes substance users can become addicted to something else on their journey. This may not always be positive so as recreation therapist we need to be mindful of our clients diagnosis Implication characteristics (M. Almas, personal communication, February 2021). s to Carefully planning community outings Don’t make assumptions Recreation Support your clients on THEIR journey. If they relapse, do NOT judge them. Treatment needs to consider addressing all the significant deficits Therapy found during the assessment process. Promotion of a safe environment Set goals. Always have a plan in place with resources and a backup. Plan for safety. Be prepared to manage emotions. What works for one individual may not work for another. Abstinence versus harm-reduction. (Wood, Wyble & Charters, 2015).  Best Practice Research “Leisure participation, substance abuse disorders and Recovery” Understanding client’s with substance abuse disorders relationship with the participation in leisure program If a client were to relapse during their involvement in a leisure program, understanding their level of participation Comparing the leisure programs that different disorders or dependencies participate in (Harmon, 2017). “The Role of Recreation and Recreational Therapists in Developing a Recovery Oriented Identity for People with Substance Use Disorders” Taking a deeper look at the role recreation/recreation therapists take to aid in the readjustment into a new lifestyle The use of the Leisure Ability Model Recreations involvement in connecting to previous identities and self-improvement Understanding the importance of a support system outside of family and friend bonds, the ability to rely on community resources (Page, 2017). Substance Use Disorders Organizations Hamilton Drug Strategy The purpose of the HDS is to foster dynamic community collaboration and action to shift the way we approach substance use disorders. https://www.hamilton.ca/people -programs/public- health/alcohol-drugs- gambling/harm-reduction- services/drug-checking Public Health Ontario https://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/Data-and- Analysis/Substance-Use/Substance-Use-Harms-Tool Several resources for drug testing, labs, stats, health protocols, education etc Government of Canada website https://www.canada.ca/e n.html Several stats and resources available for all types of substance use disorder List of Canadian services and phone numbers Harm reduction and prevention strategies and resources  In groups of 3, please create a pros and cons. ACTIVITY – 1. PROS of using the substance Weighing the AND PROS of not using the substance PROS and 2. CONS of using the substance AND CONS of not using the CONS substance Each group will receive a specific substance assigned to them  1. If you were the actual client filling in this chart, did it make you start thinking about all aspects of your life when using substances? Yes or No? Explain. 2. Do you think that after completing and reviewing this leisure education activity that as recreation therapist we could work with the client to create Smart Goals based off of their lists? Yes or No? Give a specific example. DEBRIEF 3. The substance topics used for this activity are considered “normal” in society, but abuse of these substances needs to be addressed. Do you agree/disagree? Explain. 4. Do you think this is an effective leisure education activity for clients to use to weight their pros/cons? Yes or No? Explain. Multiple Choice Questions – Substance Use Disorder  TRUE Family, social, cultural, personality, cognitive, OR genetic and biological factors are all identified causes relatedto Substance Use Disorder. FALSE When working with individuals with a Substance Use Disorder, it is important to be mindful of... a. Characteristics of the diagnosis b. Safety c. Community outings d. Considering significant deficits found during the assessment process e. All of the above There is one and only one method of recovery for all people that have Substance Use Disorder. True or False Which of the following statements is NOT true about Substance Use Disorder? a. Individuals may relapse at any time b. Abstinence is the only way to recover c. It is important to focus on redeveloping social skills and positive connections d. There needs to be a focus on the role of leisure in the client’s life Which system is effected due to Substance Abuse Disorder? A. Respiratory System B. Nervous System C. Liver D. Brain E. All of the above Do you know what these celebrities have in common?  References Bhandari, S. (2020). Celebrities who are open about addiction. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/ss/slideshow-celebs-addiction-recovery Canadian Mental Health Association. (2021). Substance us and addiction. CMHA Ontario. https://ontario.cmha.ca/addiction-and-substance-use-and-addiction/. Harmon, J. (2017). Leisure participation, substance abuse disorders, and recovery. Annals of Leisure Research.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/11745398.2017.1326157 City of Hamilton. (2025, January 10th). Public Health. https://www.hamilton.ca/people-programs/public- health/alcohol-drugs-gambling/alcohol-drugs#cannabis Statistic Canada (2025, January 11th) Data. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily- quotidien/241002/dq241002a-eng.html Wood, S.J., Wyble, R. & Charters, J. (2015). Substance-related disorders. In H.R. Porter (ED.), Recreation therapy for specific diagnoses and conditions (pp. 385-398). Idyll Arbor, Inc.