Etik van Sorg in Groepe en Groepwerk PDF

Ethic of care in groups Week 1, lecture 2 and group work/Die etiek van versorging in groepe en groepwerk  2 Care/Versorging Think of a time when you were cared for and a time when you cared for/about something or someone?/Dink aa...

Ethic of care in groups Week 1, lecture 2 and group work/Die etiek van versorging in groepe en groepwerk  2 Care/Versorging Think of a time when you were cared for and a time when you cared for/about something or someone?/Dink aan 'n tyd toe jy versorg is en 'n tyd toe jy vir/oor iets of iemand omgegee en versorg het? Sample Footer Text  3 Questions/Vrae? What does care Who takes responsibility for mean?/Wat beteken care?/ Wie neem verantwoordelikheid vir “omgee/versorging”? omgee/versorging? Sample Footer Text  4 Care ethics/ethicists/Versorgings etiek/etici  Carol Gilligan (1982), In a different Carol Gilligan’s (1982), In a different Voice, critiqued Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. Voice, het Kohlberg se teorie van Focuses on boys who use justice ethics of rights and rules. She integrated justice ethics with an morele ontwikkeling gekritiseer. ethic of care which is based on relationships and responsibilities, common among girls and women. Fokus op seuns wat geregtigheidsetiek van regte en reëls gebruik. Sy het geregtigheidsetiek geïntegreer met 'n etiek van sorg wat gebaseer is op verhoudings en verantwoordelikhede, Joan Tronto, Eva Kittay algemeen onder meisies en vroue.  Joan Tronto, Eva Kittay Sample Footer Text  5 What is care ethics?/Wat is sorg etiek?  Caring can be viewed as a species  Versorging kan beskou word as 'n activity that includes everything spesie-aktiwiteit wat alles insluit wat that we do to maintain, continue, ons doen om ons "wêreld" te and repair our “world” so that we onderhou, voort te sit en te herstel can live in it as well as possible. That sodat ons so goed moontlik daarin kan world includes our bodies, our leef. Daardie wêreld sluit ons liggame, selves, and our environment, all of ons self en ons omgewing in, wat ons which we seek to interweave in a alles probeer verweef in 'n komplekse, complex, life-sustaining web (Tronto lewensonderhoudende web (Tronto & & Fisher, 1990) Fisher, 1990) Sample Footer Text  6 What does this mean/Wat beteken dit? Care is a configuration of practices  Sorg is 'n opset van praktyke wat alle mense involving all people who want to live well betrek wat goed in die wêreld wil lewe in the world  Nie beperk tot diegene wat as Not restricted to those considered to be in sorgbehoewend beskou word nie need of care (social welfare) (maatskaplike welsyn)  Sluit selfversorging en die fisiese omgewing Includes self-care and the physical waarin ons leef in environment in which we live  Het ook sosiale, demokratiese en politieke Also has social, democratic and political implikasies, bv. wat doen ons oor implications eg what do we do about studentehonger op kampus? student hunger on campus? Sample Footer Text  7 Tronto  All humans, the animal and material world are  Alle mense, die diere- en materiële wêreld is kwesbaar vulnerable and dependent on care but can also give en afhanklik van sorg, maar kan ook sorg gee. As nie- care. As non-paternalistic and democratic caring paternalistiese en demokratiese omgee (Tronto 2017), (Tronto 2017), this is not only an interpersonal or is dit nie net 'n interpersoonlike of individuele aktiwiteit nie, maar ook 'n sistemiese en institusionele individual activity but also a systemic and institutional aktiwiteit. Met ander woorde, versorging is ook 'n activity. In other words, care is also a group activity. groepaktiwiteit.  Sample Footer Text  8 According to Tronto, five moral elements make up non- Volgens Tronto vorm vyf morele elemente nie-paternalistiese paternalistic care: sorg: 1. Attentiveness to a need involves caring about someone or some-thing; 1. Aandag vir 'n behoefte behels omgee vir iemand of iets; 2. Responsibility, or taking on the task of responding to 2. Verantwoordelikheid, of die neem van die taak om op 'n a need; behoefte te reageer; 3. Caring competence implies having some skill to care; 3. Versorgingsbevoegdheid impliseer dat jy 'n mate van vaardigheid het om te versorg; 4. Responsiveness to the needs of the person. 5. Solidarity, where we can take collective 4. Reaksie op die behoeftes van die persoon. responsibility, and where citizens can be seen as both receivers and givers of care in society 5. Solidariteit, waar ons kollektiewe verantwoordelikheid kan neem, en waar burgers gesien kan word as beide ontvangers en geeers van sorg in die samelewing  Sample Footer Text  9 Critiques of care/Kritiek van versorging Tronto (1993) lewer ook kritiek op sorg: Tronto (1993) also offers critiques of care: 1. Potensieel paternalisties, aangesien dit magsasimmetrieë genereer wanneer 1.Potentially paternalistic, as it ander kwesbaar is in verhouding tot ons generates power asymmetries besluite oor sorg. when others are vulnerable in relation to our decisions about 2. Sy lig ook parogialisme in sorg uit as care. problematies wanneer ons omgee vir net 2.She also highlights parochialism diegene wat soortgelyk aan ons is in care as problematic when we care for  only those who are similar to us Sample Footer Text  10 Example: Care at Pilsdon residential care community/Voorbeeld: Versorging by Pilsdon woongemeenskap 1. Non-judgemental, shared humanity, acceptance 1. Nie-veroordelend, gedeelde menslikheid, in the environment are crucial ( Tronto focuses aanvaarding in die omgewing is on attentiveness , not acceptance) deurslaggewend (Tronto fokus op aandag, nie 2. Bodily needs: clean clothing, food (coincides aanvaarding nie) with Tronto’s theory) 3. Being alongside: often no direct interventions 2. Liggaamlike behoeftes: skoon klere, kos (val but being attentive, working alongside, informal saam met Tronto se teorie) conversations 4. Care and work: care is often integrated into 3. Om langsaan te wees: dikwels geen direkte work and could be seen as invisible care intervensies nie, maar om oplettend te wees, because people feel nurtured. saam te werk, informele gesprekke 4. Sorg en werk: sorg word dikwels in werk geïntegreer en kan gesien word as onsigbare sorg omdat mense gekoester voel. Sample Footer Text  11 5. Receiving care and giving care/Die ontvang van en verskaffing van versorging Tronto distinguishes between these arrangements Tronto onderskei tussen hierdie reëlings in in care practices. However: versorgingspraktyke. Maar: 1. Different conceptions of care when people 1. Verskillende opvattings van sorg wanneer mense work and live together in a community like in 'n gemeenskap soos Pilsdon werk en saamwoon Pilsdon 2. Identities of care givers and care receivers 2. Identiteite van versorgers en versorgers kan can become blurred. Acknowledgementof vervaag word. Erkenning van kwesbaarheid onder vulnerability among guests and members, as gaste en lede, as deel van gedeelde menslikheid part of shared humanity  Sample Footer Text  12 6. Responsibility/Verantwoordelikheid 1. Tronto se teorie stel voor dat ons oplettend moet wees en reageer op behoeftes van ander, sowel as ons eie, maar dit is Tronto’ s theory suggests that we need to be attentive and responsive to vaag in betaalde of professionele kontekste, bv. verpleging. needs of others, as well as our own but this is blurred in paid or Ander behoeftes geniet voorrang. professional contexts eg nursing. Others needs take precedence. 2. By Pilsdon kan besluitneming die weiering van sorg behels, At Pilsdon, decision making, could involve refusing care, and the group/community needs stake precedence. en die groep/gemeenskap het belangevoorrang nodig. Wardens also showed responsibility through advocacy eg lobbying for 3. Bewaarders het ook verantwoordelikheid getoon deur better health care for residents voorspraak, bv. steunwerwing vir beter gesondheidsorg vir inwoners Responsibility for ensuring safe space for people and animals (no alcohol, aggression etc) 4. Verantwoordelikheid om veilige ruimte vir mense en diere te verseker (geen alkohol, aggressie, ens.) Responsibility to the community/group could also mean that you may recognize the responsibility to leave it 5. Verantwoordelikheid teenoor die gemeenskap/groep kan ook beteken dat jy die verantwoordelikheid erken om dit te verlaat Sample Footer Text  13 Caringfor the community/Versorging vir die gemeenskap the community/group, rather than the individual is the 1. die gemeenskap/groep, eerder as die individu is die fokus focus of attentiveness. In protecting the community and van aandag. Om die gemeenskap en die kwesbaarhede van the vulnerabilities of the group, members can be asked to die groep te beskerm, kan lede gevra word om te vertrek. leave. 2. Interafhanklikheid sluit in mense, geboue, diere, plante, Interdependence includes humans, buildings, animals, grond. Deur vir die gemeenskap om te gee, toon hulle ook plants, soil. By caring for the community, they also show morele besluitneming om na ander sowel as hul eie moral agency to attend to others as well as their own behoeftes om te sien. needs. 3. Die behoefte om te leer hoe om te onderhandel om saam te The need to learn how to negotiate to live together is leef, word beklemtoon in konteks van sosiale, politieke en emphasized in context of social, political and cultural. kulturele. Etiese uitdagings van saamwoon kan nie buite die Ethical challenges of living together cannot be resolved huidige sosiale en politieke konteks opgelos word nie outside current social and political context 4. 'n Voorbeeld van solidariteit deur sorg: gemeenskap het vir An example of solidarity through care: community 60 jaar oorleef en vorige en huidige lede onthou dit met survived for 60 years and past and present members liefde remember it fondly Sample Footer Text  14 While Barnes is correct to say that care for the community is to care for its members, I don’t entirely agree with Barnes (2020) who argues that Tronto’s work focuses on individuals and less on communities. In fact, Tronto’s work spans the continuum from individual to community, as is evidenced in her Critique of work on creating caring institutions. Barnes’ Terwyl Barnes korrek is om te sê dat sorg vir die gemeenskap is om vir sy article/Kritiek lede om te gee, stem ek nie heeltemal saam met Barnes (2020) wat aanvoer dat Tronto se werk op individue en minder op gemeenskappe fokus nie. Tronens, Tronto se werk strek oor die kontinuum van individu tot gemeenskap, soos blyk uit haar werk oor die skep van versorgende van Barnes se instellings. artikel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Tronto Sample Footer Text