The Malay Royal Towns in Malaysia From Urban Planning Perspective PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by Deleted User
2023
Ts. Dr. Noor Aimran Samsudin
Tags
Summary
A presentation on the Malay Royal Towns in Malaysia, examining their development from a urban planning perspective, analyzing both historical and modern attributes. The presentation is based on the research by Ts. Dr. Noor Aimran Samsudin, and the date of this presentation is December 26th, 2023.
Full Transcript
THE MALAY ROYAL TOWNS IN MALAYSIA FROM URBAN PLANNING PERSPECTIVE Ts. Dr. Noor Aimran Samsudin Urban & Regional Planning 26th Dec. 2023 Introduction “...akibat kurang pendokumentasian, banyak “...due to lack of documentation, m...
THE MALAY ROYAL TOWNS IN MALAYSIA FROM URBAN PLANNING PERSPECTIVE Ts. Dr. Noor Aimran Samsudin Urban & Regional Planning 26th Dec. 2023 Introduction “...akibat kurang pendokumentasian, banyak “...due to lack of documentation, many historical peristiwa dan fakta sejarah tentang pemerintahan events and facts about the each rule cannot be itu tidak dapat dirujuk pada hari ini. Banyak juga referred today. Many places that were once very tempat yang dahulunya sangat penting dalam important in the royal rule can no longer play the pemerintahan diraja itu kini tidak lagi dapat same role. The movement of royal administration memainkan peranan yang sama. Pemindahan pusat center also took place. This also reduces the pentadbiran diraja juga berlaku. Hal ini juga historical importance of such area...” (Ramlah mengurangkan kepentingan sejarah bagi sesuatu Adam, 2016) kawasan itu…” (Ramlah Adam, 2016) Source: Ramlah Adam (2016). Pemerintahan Beraja di Alam Melayu Merentas Zaman. DBP: Kuala Lumpur. Introduction “The Malay Royal town that presences in Malaysian urban areas less known by public and also it also unclear to legitimize the meaning and identity of Malay Royal Towns” Sharyzee et.al. (2018) What is the ‘Malay Royal Towns’? Definitions Original illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat Original illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat Original illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat Definitions Royal Towns’ as a town where an official palaces took place and the royal administrative center are set up by the Sultan or Raja (King). A Malay historic town frequently referred to the existence of istana (royal palace complex) and the administrative building are located. Original illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat Founded by the Malay rulers, the Sultan. Early than colonial influences. The whole urban setting/ townscape/ fabric established by the Malay Sultanate Kingdom. Town that has a strong relationship between the royal institution, followers Original illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat (community), the royal administrative district is located. The concept of ‘royal town’ have evolved & tested through hundred of years. It function changed slowly through time. The Royal Towns concept simply can be understood as the appearance of the Sultan or King be settled in the town. Proclamations of a place to be a ‘Royal Town’ mostly by a king’s decree. Original illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat The Royal Institution in Malaysia The Malay Sultanate Kingdom The term ‘kota’ and ‘kubu’ frequently used 1 interchangeably to describe the ‘city’ concept of Malay civilisation. The ‘kota’ function as administration centre completed 2 with palace and other urban facilities. While ‘kubu’ is referring as a physical structure like wooden and stone wall used for defense purposes only. 3 For the ‘kubu’ is not necessary to have ‘istana’ but reinforced with weapons as a defences system. A fortified palace complex normally completed with 4 several other royal buildings and facilities such as coronation room, hall of royal assembly and hall of a commoner within a compound. 5 The Malay ‘kota’ can be found easily located at the estuaries of river and coast. Also known as ‘Bandar Kuala’ (Estuary Town) eg. Kuala Kangsar, Kuala Muda etc. The Royal Institution in Malaysia 6 The monarchies of Malaysia refer to the constitutional monarchy system. Total 9 head of Malay State (Sultan/Raja). The Malay States consist Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, 7 Perlis, Terengganu, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Johor, and Perak 8 All state rulers use the title of Sultan (7) except Perlis is styled the Raja (1) & Negeri Sembilan is known as the Yang di-Pertuan Besar (1). Majlis Raja-Raja (the Royal Council) elect among 9 themselves the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) as the head of federal/ head of Malaysia state every 5 years. The Royal Institution in Malaysia 1 5 Years Appointment term circle Yang Di- 10 YDPAs Pertuan Agong Complete 5 years (King of Malaysia) appointment term Flow of rotation N. Sembilan x2 Selangor x2 Perlis x2 Terengganu x2 Kedah x2 16 YDPA Kelantan x2 Pahang x2 Johor x1 Perak x1 Since 1957-2021 The Royal Institution in Malaysia >190 Malay’s Sultan 9 can be traced since 1100s Kedah – Oldest & 9 1 Perlis 9 Kelantan Malay Rulers Malay State 2 Kedah continued monarchy 8 Terengganu Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Perak 3 Shah II (1710-1778), Kedah-Longest rules period 68 years 7 Pahang 7 Sultan Selangor 4 1 5 Raja (Perlis) Negeri Sembilan 1 6 Yang di Pertuan Besar (N.Sembilan) Johor The Royal Institution in Malaysia 9 Arau 1 9 Kota Bahru Alor Setar 2 Malay Royal Towns 8 Kuala Terengganu Kuala Kangsar 3 1. Arau, Perlis 2. Alor Setar, Kedah 3. Kuala Kangsar, Perak 7 Pekan 4. Klang, Selangor Klang 4 5. Seri Menanti, N.Sembilan Seri Menanti 5 6. Bandar Maharani Muar, Johor 7. Pekan, Pahang Bandar Maharani 6 8. Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu The Physical Attributes of early ‘Malay Royal Towns’ The Early Malay Royal Towns Artist illustration: Urban setting of Kota Melaka as the port city during the period of Malay Sultanate Kingdom. Credit illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat Artist illustration: The Sultan Melaka Grand Palace located on top of hill nearby Melaka river facing toward Straits of Melaka Credit illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat Credit illustration by Mohd. Faizal Rahmat The Early Malay Royal Towns Paddy field Orchard Orchard Legends Trails For tres s Forest/ Shrub Paddy field King’s Family Marketplace e r Trails Riv Villages King’s Nobleman Family Open space Su Pa Layman house lta la n G ce jetty Orchard ra nd Villages g’ Paddy field Fortress n ba Open Mosque/ m St o r n a Masjid age space/ e ‘P Villages Padang Madra sah Sh i py a rd Jet Marketplace ty/ s line Po re rt M s o ar Fortres Sh ke River Fortress t es Royal lin Estuary jetty S hor e ‘Kuala’ Sea Malay Royal Towns Physical Attributes Grand Mosque & Fortress Villages palace Madrasah Public space/ Open Gateway/ Marketplace River Space Landmark Jetty/ Royal Royal Museum/ Natural Port Mausoleum Gallery Features The Modern Malay Royal Towns in Malaysia Typologies of Malay Royal Towns x3 x5 x1 Traditional Transition Modern Physical Attributes Inventories
