Victoria Hewitt - TPJ2O Final Exam Review PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by Deleted User
Victoria Hewitt
Tags
Summary
This document contains a review of medical concepts, likely for a final exam in a health-related course. It covers topics such as the chain of infection, pathogenic organisms, and assessment of patients. The document includes definitions, questions, and keywords for review purposes.
Full Transcript
1. What does the chain of infection consist of? Link #1: Infectious agent Link #2: Reservoir Link #3: Portal of exit Link #4: Mode of transmission Link #5: Portal of entry Link #6: Susceptible host 2. What is a pathogenic organism? Organism that causes disease...
1. What does the chain of infection consist of? Link #1: Infectious agent Link #2: Reservoir Link #3: Portal of exit Link #4: Mode of transmission Link #5: Portal of entry Link #6: Susceptible host 2. What is a pathogenic organism? Organism that causes disease in host 3. How does a pathogen leave the reservoir through the Genitourinary (GU) tract? Through urine, feces, semen and vaginal secretions . Who does an Orthopedic Surgeon provide medical care to? Who does an Obstetrician 4 provide medical care to? Orthopedic surgeons provide care to patients experiencing issues with bones, ligaments, tendons and nerves. Obstetricians provide postpartum care for up to 6 weeks and help to give birth to a baby. 5. If you are experiencing symptoms such as nausea and stool changes, where would you go to seek medical care? Seek care at a family doctor, not an emergency room. .What does the secondary survey include? List allacronyms. 6 1. Obtain patient history: SAMPLE: S: Signs and symptoms A: Allergies M: Medications P: Past medical history L: Last meal E: Events preceding PQRST: O O: Onset P: Provoke Q: Quality R: Region/radiation S: Severity T: Time 2. Head-to-toe assessment: CLAPS-D: C: Contusions L: Lacerations A: Abrasions P: Punctures S: Symmetry/swelling D: Deformity TICS-D: : Tenderness T I: Instability C: Crepitus S: Subcutaneous emphysema D: Deformity 3. Reassess vital signs 7.What does the acronym SAMPLE stand for? What doesthe acronym OPQRST stand for? SAMPLE stands for: S: Signs and symptoms A: Allergies M: Medications P: Past medical history L: Last meal E: Events preceding PQRST stands for: O O: Onset P: Provoke Q: Quality R: Region/radiation S: Severity T: Time . What is sudden cardiac arrest (VSA)? 8 Vital signs absent = VSA (Patient is not alive). It is a sudden loss of heart activity (Electrical problem) where organs are not supplied with oxygen rich blood. 9. Define the following terms: a) Asphyxia:Loss of oxygen supply to body due toabnormal breathing. b) Shock:Critical condition brought on by suddendrop of blood flow through the body. Can be caused by injury, stress, or other reasons. c) MOI:Method which trauma/damage to body occurs.Used to determine seriousness of injury. d)Anaphylaxis:Severe, life-threatening, allergicreaction. (Throat usually closes) e) Abrasion:Light scrape on the superficial layerof skin (Epidermis) f) Contusion:Bruise g) Incision:Surgical cut made by a sharp tool likea scalpel and has straight edges h) Laceration:Deep, jagged cut that is made on theskin, not by a surgeon i) Sprain:Injury to ligaments around the joint j) Strain:Muscle is stretched, causes swelling andpain k) Ligament:Piece of connective tissue that connectsbone to bone l) Tendon:Connective tissue that connects bone tomuscle m) Crepitus:Crunching of bone n) Dislocation:When the joint comes out of it’s socket. 1 0. What is the treatment for shock? WARTS W: Warmth, A: ABCD’s (airway, breathing, circulation, defibrillation) R: Rest and reassurance T: Treatment S: Semi-prone (recovery position) 1 1. What position should a patient be placed in followinga successful primary survey? Recovery position 12. What is the correct order of the Heart and StrokeFoundation’s Chain of Survival? 1. Activation of emergency services 2. Early high quality CPR 3. Rapid defibrillation (AED) 4. Early advanced cardiac support (ambulance) 5. Advanced post-cardiac arrest care (hospital, surgery, medications) 2 1 3. List and describe what a primary survey consists of? (DRSABCD) Danger, response, send for help, airway, breathing, circulation, defibrillation 1 4. What is the level of response of a patient whoonly opens their eyes when you speak loudly to them? Verbal stimuli 1 5. What are the signs and symptoms of a partialairway obstruction? Wheezing, coughing, limited air going in, whistling noises while breathing 1 6. If a patient is unconscious, is consent implied?Explain why or why not. Yes, consent is implied because it is a first aid emergency situation and if you don’t help them, they are going to die. When they’re unconscious, it is in their best interest to help them. 1 7. A patient is choking, blue in the face, and unableto make any sounds, what steps would you take to help to assist this patient? 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the object becomes dislodged or patient becomes unconscious (in that case, start CPR) 1 8. A patient has become unconscious during a fullobstruction, how will you assist this patient? Give them CPR to help circulate oxygenated blood and keep their body and organs alive. 1 9. How do you properly use an EpiPen? Blue to the sky, orange to the thigh, hold for 3 seconds on the thigh. 2 0.Why does a first aider perform chest compressions(CPR) on a patient who is in cardiac arrest? To help circulate blood and oxygen and help to keep organs alive. 3
