Partition Of Bengal PDF - Modern History NCERT Notes For UPSC

Download Testbook App Partition Modern History NCERT Notes For UPSC Of Bengal The Partition of Bengal was the territorial reorganization of Bengal which was announced by the then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon on 20 July 1905...

Download Testbook App Partition Modern History NCERT Notes For UPSC Of Bengal The Partition of Bengal was the territorial reorganization of Bengal which was announced by the then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon on 20 July 1905. The Partition of Bengal was the masterpiece of Curzon’s internal policy.  The Partition of Bengal was carried out on 16 October 1905 which resulted in the division of Bengal into Eastern Bengal and Western Bengal.  Indians were told that the partition of Bengal was due to the huge population which was difficult for the Britishers to administrate. However the real intention of the British was to wreck the nerve center of Nationalism (Bengal) in order to safeguard their interests.  This was rejected widely by the people. Militant Nationalism emerged as a result of Partition of Bengal This article on NCERT Notes on Partition of Bengal is a very important topic under Modern History and will be useful for the aspirants of UPSC CSE. Lord Curzon  From 1899 to 1905 Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of India.  In 1905, he announced the Partition of Bengal which resulted in huge protests across India.  Some of the significant events that happened during his rule are  Calcutta Corporation act of 1899  Appointment of University Commission in 1902  Appointment of Police commission in 1902  Ancient Monuments Preservation act of 1904  Younghusband’s mission to Tibet in 1904  It is said that he knew more about India than any living man of the times.  He wrote three books describing the Asian problems. The Partition Of Bengal  In December 1903, the British Government conveyed their idea of Partition of Bengal.  Lord Curzon announced the Partition of Bengal on 20 July 1905.  The idea was to divide Bengal into two - Bengal and Eastern Bengal.  The Western Bengal, Bihar and Orissa were retained under Bengal while the remaining portion of Bengal and Assam formed the Eastern Bengal.  Download Testbook App  Calcutta was the capital of Bengal whereas Dhaka was made the capital of Eastern Bengal.  The British government partitioned Bengal on the basis of language and religion. The western half was to be Hindu majority while the eastern half to be Muslim majority. Reasons For Partition Of Bengal  The official reason given by the British administrators for Partition of Bengal was that it was an administrative necessity. Bengal had a population of about 78 million which was hard to administer.  They also stated that with the partition, Assam would be brought under direct administration which would result in development of the state.  Bengal was the nerve center of nationalism in British India. The British believed that by partitioning Bengal the rising tide of nationalism could be controlled.  Another important reason for the partition was to bring an end to the political influence of the educated middle class among whom the Bengal intelligentsia were prominent.  Another motive was to divide the Hindus and Muslims. They aimed to turn the Muslim communalists against the Congress and hamper the national movement. Reaction To The Partition Of Bengal Nationalist’s Reaction  Moderates such as Surendranath Banerjee, K.K.Mitra led an anti-partition campaign. They followed petition, prayer and protest method  Meetings were held all over Bengal and a decision was taken to boycott the foreign goods. The message to Boycott the Manchester cloth and Liverpool salt was spread throughout Bengal by the leaders.  The Indian National Congress under the leadership of Gopal Krishna Gokhale rejected the Partition of Bengal and resolved to support the Swadeshi movement and boycott. People’s Reaction  The Partition of Bengal paved resulted in a mighty upsurge in the country.  The day of partition i.e. 16 October 1905 was considered as the day of mourning throughout Bengal. People from all walks of joined the anti - partition campaign and walked barefoot on the streets crying Bande Mataram.  People tied Rakhis on each other’s hands to symbolify the unity between the two halves of Bengal. Reunification of The Partitioned Bengal  Due to the relentless anti partition movement, in 1911 the Partition of Bengal was annulled by King George and the Bengal and Eastern Bengal were reunited  Based on the linguistic lines, Bihar and Orissa were carved out of Bengal and made a separate province.  Likewise Assam was also made a separate province  The capital of British India was shifted from Bengal to Delhi. Page - 2  Download Testbook App The Partition of Bengal marked the turning point in the history of Indian nationalism. Though the Partition was annulled in 1911, it created a permanent division between two major communities - Hindus and Muslims. In 1947, Bengal was partitioned again wholly on the basis of religion. Testbook - An e-learning platform for any competitive exams. The aspirants can strengthen their preparation by attending the live coaching sessions, current affairs session, and taking tests which are available in our Testbook App. Download the Testbook app now ! Page - 3