Psychology Chapters 6, 7, 10, and 12 PDF

Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Visual Cliff Experiment: Conducted by Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk to investigate if infants possess depth perception. Key Terms/Concepts Findings indicated that infants...

Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Visual Cliff Experiment: Conducted by Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk to investigate if infants possess depth perception. Key Terms/Concepts Findings indicated that infants avoided crossing a perceived drop-off, suggesting early development of depth perception. Depth Perception: The ability to Holway and Boring Experiment: Demonstrated that size perceive the world in three dimensions and perception relies on depth information, showing size accurately judge the distance of objects. misperceptions when accurate depth cues were absent. Oculomotor Cues: Non-visual cues that involve information about the position and tension of the eye muscles, including convergence and accommodation. ↳ Monocular Cues: Depth information derived from a single eye, including pictorial and movement-based cues. Binocular Cues: Depth information obtained from both eyes, primarily through - binocular disparity. Size Constancy: The perception that Facts to Memorize an object maintains a constant size despite Depth perception relies on binocular, monocular, and oculomotor changes in retinal size due to distance. cues. The size-distance scaling equation is S = R × D (Size = Retinal size × Distance). Key visual illusions include the Müller-Lyer illusion, Ponzo illusion, and Ames Room. Chapter 10 Key People Paul Broca (1824–1880): A French physician known for his research on language and the brain, particularly the area now known as Broca's area, associated with speech production. Carl Wernicke (1848–1905): A German neurologist who studied language comprehension and identified Wernicke's area, linked to the ability to understand speech. Facts to Memorize Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language. Broca's area is associated with speech production and is located in the frontal lobe. Wernicke's area is associated with language comprehension and is located in the temporal lobe. The McGurk effect demonstrates the interaction between auditory and visual information in speech perception.  Chapter 12 Facts to Memorize Types of papillae: filiform, fungiform, foliate, circumvallate. Primary taste cortex locations: insula and frontal operculum. Number of olfactory receptor types in humans: approximately 400. Key genes influencing taste perception: TAS2R (bitter), TAS1R (sweet/ umami), SCNN1 (salt). Fundamental Theories Population Coding: A theory suggesting that taste quality is represented by the activity patterns across multiple neurons. Specificity Coding: A theory proposing that individual neurons respond specifically to certain taste stimuli, such as sweet or bitter.