Renaissance in Europe Unit Test Study Guide PDF

Social Studies 8 STUDY GUIDE RENAISSANCE EUROPE UNIT SUMMATIVE WORLDVIEWS - Understanding of worldviews increases understanding of other’s decisions & choices - Factors affecting a worldview: geography, contact with other groups & ideas...

Social Studies 8 STUDY GUIDE RENAISSANCE EUROPE UNIT SUMMATIVE WORLDVIEWS - Understanding of worldviews increases understanding of other’s decisions & choices - Factors affecting a worldview: geography, contact with other groups & ideas and knowledge - Elements of society affected by a worldview: social systems (importance of the individual, social mobility, family structure, gender roles, social classes), political and economic systems (citizenship, business, trade, materialism, economy, government), culture (importance of knowledge, organized religion, arts, customs and traditions, architecture, language) MIDDLE AGES >>> RENAISSANCE WORLDVIEW Medieval Europe: - Church was centre of life – predominance of superstitious beliefs - Feudal Social Structure – subservience to nobles - Expectation – short, harsh life for peasants Renaissance Europe: - Challenged Church, superstitious beliefs, traditional explanations of the world - Feudal system (subservience to nobles) deteriorated, more opportunities for peasants, jobs, motivations for working - Focus on humanism - Increased sense of civic responsibility and involvement - Banking and finance became an industry - Urban centres became powerful from increased trade, industry & banking RENAISSANCE EUROPE - Factors shaping Renaissance worldview included: increased trade, rise of merchant class, growth of cities, increased consumer demand - Renewed interest in culture and styles of the ancient world - Marked by growth and exchange of ideas and knowledge in the areas of religion, science, politics, the arts, mathematics and astronomy - Trade patterns moved from east to west, just like the bubonic plague CITY- STATES - Geographic location was crucial in the rise and development of city-states - Largest European cities in 14th Century were Genoa, Venice, Florence and Paris - Florence: richest city-state, built along Arno River, ruled by powerful Medici family, located in North central Italy, was a republic and then an oligarchy - Genoa: was a “walled city”, known as the “city of 2 faces”, main rival was Venice, armies came to Genoa to be transported to the Holy Lands EXPLORATION & IMPERIALISM - Policy, by a country or empire, to extend authority or domination - Existed from early human civilization - Most prominent during Age of Discovery and Exploration - Western Europeans were ethnocentric (they believed their culture was superior to other cultures…”Eurocentrism”..) - Worldviews were imposed on people around the world and the world’s riches were claimed as their own – great desire to increase wealth and power - religious reform - growth of nationalism VOCABULARY Merchant class Consumer demand Reformation Revolution Worldview Defence mechanisms Geographic location City-state Trade route Technology Ancient world Era Tolerance Imperialism Feudal system Industry Urban centre Adaptation Contact Expansionism Ethnocentrism Eurocentrism Conquer Crusades Islamic Empire Byzantine Empire Peasants Silk Road Middle Eastern Empires Republic Oligarchy Influential Reluctant Medieval superstition Humanism Traditional Social structures Society Intercultural identity