Big History Quiz Stars and New Elements (2024-25) PDF

NAME: _______________________________ Per. __ MC Score: __/__ (First + Last Name Please!) UNIT QUIZ Big History Thresholds 2 "Stars" and 3 "New Elements" Directions: Use your knowledge and the process of elimination/active readi...

NAME: _______________________________ Per. __ MC Score: __/__ (First + Last Name Please!) UNIT QUIZ Big History Thresholds 2 "Stars" and 3 "New Elements" Directions: Use your knowledge and the process of elimination/active reading strategies (cross out wrong answers, circle key words in question like “TRUE” or “NOT TRUE”) to identify the MOST CORRECT answer. Circle the correct answers on this packet AND bubble them in on your Zip Grade/Scantron sheet. Multiple Choice Portion: 1. Which of the following IS TRUE in regards to Black Holes? A. they are regions of space of infinitely high density and gravitational pull that even beams of light cannot escape B. thought to exist at the center of galaxies, including our own Milky Way C. they are created when really large stars go supernova D. all of the above 2. Which of the following is true about High Mass Stars? A. they are a classification of stars, such as Betelgeuse, whose violent death is called a Supernova B. their deaths spew new chemical elements across the universe C. their deaths are essential to the evolution and regeneration of the Universe D. All of the Above 5. Which of the following is true about Low Mass Stars? A. they are a classification of stars, such as our Sun, who turn into Red Giants and eventually a White Dwarf stars or possibly Black Dwarf stars B. their deaths, so called Supernovas, spew new chemical elements across the universe C. they live much longer than High Mass Stars D. Both A and C 6. Which of the following is true in regards to Hydrogen and the life cycle and formation of stars? A. Hydrogen is the most abundant elements in the Universe B. Hydrogen is the essential element to forming and fueling the nuclear fusion within stars C. Hydrogen was the first element made in the Big Bang D. Both A and C 7. Which element is like Kryptonite to HIGH MASS stars in that once it is created in the fusion process, a star’s main sequence ends and the star evolves into something new? A. Carbon B. Helium C. Iron D. All of the Above 8. Which element is like Kryptonite to LOW MASS stars in that once it is created in the fusion process, a star’s main sequence ends and the star evolves into something new? E. Carbon F. Helium G. Iron H. All of the Above 9. Which of the following IS TRUE in regards to Nebulae? A. Nebulae are where stars are born/formed B. Nebulae are dense clouds of space dust containing high amounts of hydrogen C. Nebulae are created from the leftovers from the death of stars and stuff floating through the cosmos D. All of the Above 10. Gravity is… A. a “fundamental force” of physics along with the Strong Force, Weak Force, and Electromagnetism B. the key force that pulls in hydrogen together in a nebula thereby creating proto-stars C. the force that fights with the energy from the fusion within a star, eventually winning and killing the star D. All of the Above 11. A Red Giant is… A. the pre-death stage of a low mass star B. something that will happen to our Sun C. when a low mass star’s fusion process begins to falter causes the star to bloat up to as much as 99% of its original main sequence mass D. All of the Above 12. Which of the following IS TRUE about a Supernova? A. it is an immense implosion/explosion/release of energy when a high mass star dies B. it creates and scatters new chemical elements C. it can lead to black holes and neutron stars/pulsars D. All of the Above 13. TRUE or FALSE: Our Sun radiates (shoots out into the solar system) the “Solar Wind” and other dangerous forms of radiation such as solar flares, magnetic loop coronal mass ejections, etc., which are dangerous to our modern electrical grids and life on Earth in general. A. True B. False 14. Which of the following IS TRUE about a White Dwarf? A. a rapidly rotating, highly magnetized leftover after a high mass star erupts in a supernova B. it is an immensely dense star made of pure carbon leftover after a low mass star becomes a Red Giant and implodes C. Both A and B D. None of the Above 15. The image on the left shows a ______ ? a. Black Dwarf b. solar storms (magnetic loops/solar flares, etc.) c. Supernova d. Black Hole 16. The images above show ______________. A. black holes B. solar storms (magnetic loops/solar flares, etc.) C. protostars D. nebulae 17. The two stacked images on the right show ________________. A. Supernovas B. a Prostar being formed C. a solar eclipse D. a solar storms (magnetic loops/solar flares) 18. The images above show ________________. A. galaxies B. supernovas C. solar storms (magnetic loops/solar flares, etc.) D. nebulas 19. The images above show __________. A. the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies colliding B. Solar Wind/Solar Storms/MagneticLoops/Solar Flares, etc. C. Famous supernovas in our galaxy D. Famous nebulas in our galaxy 20. The image on the right shows ________________. A. the Laniakea Supercluster we live in B. the Milky Way Galaxy that we live in C. the Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula D. A supernova remnant 21. The image on the right shows ________________. A. the Fission Process used to make nuclear power and nuclear weapons B. the formation of the Black Hole in a Supernovae C. the battle between gravity (which wants to collapse the star) and fusion (which wants to expand the star) D. a protostar being born in a nebula 22. Why is the formation of stars an important “Threshold” in Big History? A. Stars create the “hot spots” needed for more complexity B. Stars exploded in the Big Bang C. Stars rid the Universe of dark matter D. Stars created cosmic microwave background radiation 23. Which of these cosmic structures is the LARGEST: A. a galaxy B. a star C. a supercluster D. a solar system 24. TRUE or FALSE: When protons fuse in the formation of stars, they release a huge burst of pure energy. A. True B. False 25. What type of reaction is happening in the core of a star? A. Nuclear fission B. Nuclear disarmament C. Nuclear fusion D. Nuclear fallout 26. A ______________ is the last stage of a Low Mass Star such as our Sun. A. Neutron Star B. White Dwarf C. Black Hole D. Main Sequence 27. At the center of the Milky Way galaxy lives… A. a Black Hole named “Gargantua” B. a Black Hole named “Sagittarius A Star” C. a Black Hole named “Bagittarius B Star” D. Both A and C are correct 28. ______________ is the general term for the radiation blasted out of the sun at all times including during space weather events but also when it's just behaving normally. A. Solar Flare B. Solar Wind C. Hypernova D. Fusion 29. ______________ is the French Chemist (born in Poland) who won two Nobel prizes; one for research on radioactivity and another for her discovery of radium and polonium. A. Annie Jump Cannon B. Cecilia Payne C. Marie Curie D. Henrietta Leavitt 30. _______________ is the Russian chemist who invented the “Periodic Table” used to organize the chemical elements. A. Edward Pickering B. Albert Einstein C. Stephen Hawking D. Dmistri Mendeleev 31. Which of the following accurately describes the life-cycle of a LOW MASS star? A. Nebula Protostar Main Sequence Red Giant White Dwarf surrounded + Planetary Nebula Black Dwarf (theoretically if enough time passes) B. Protostar Main Sequence Red Giant White Dwarf surrounded + Planetary Nebula Black Dwarf (theoretically if enough time passes) Nebula C. Nebula Main Sequence Red Giant Supernova + Planetary Nebula Black Hole or Neutron Star Protostar D. Black Hole or Neutron Star Main Sequence Red Giant Supernova + Planetary Nebula Main Sequence  32. TRUE or FALSE: “Pickering's Computers” refers to women scientists who made some of the most important discoveries in astrophysics (including what stars are made of, how to measure distances in the universe, and what the light from stars can tell us about the age of stars and the fusion process) while working at a very male-dominated Harvard University in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A. True B. False 33. TRUE or FALSE: Our Sun is an odd ball compared to most stars because it is a loner, whereas most stars we see in the universe are in binary star systems (or larger groupings of stars). A. True B. False 34. The element that fuels a star for most of its life is _______________? A. Hydrogen B. Helium C. Iron D. Carbon 35. Which of the following IS TRUE in regards to the “Milky Way Galaxy”? A. It will collide with a larger neighboring galaxy, Andromeda, in 4-6 billion years, creating a new galaxy scientists have named “Milkomeda”. B. Our solar system exists in the Milky Way galaxy. C. It has a supermassive black hole, like most galaxies, at its center that we call “Sagittarius A Star”. D. All of these are correct Reflection Portion: 1. We examined Astrophysicist Katie Mack’s poem “Disorientation” as part of this unit. Write about what resonated with you citing/paraphrasing the words she used and explaining why it resonated with you in terms of the learning you are doing in Big History. (1 pt. for citing/paraphrasing accurately a portion of the poem + 1 pt. for explaining why it resonated with you related to what we are learning in Big History) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________