PTH 105 Principles of Gait Fall 2024 PDF

TIDEWATER COMMUNITY COLLEGE PTA PROGRAM VA BEACH CAMPUS PTH 105 -- [Unit 7 Lab] -- [HO \#1] - [Principles of Gait Fall 2024] Reference: O'Sullivan Ch 7 (253-259; table 7.1) **Learner Objective**: B1. Describe the phases of a normal gait cycle with traditional and Ranchos Los Amigos terminology....

TIDEWATER COMMUNITY COLLEGE PTA PROGRAM VA BEACH CAMPUS PTH 105 -- [Unit 7 Lab] -- [HO \#1] - [Principles of Gait Fall 2024] Reference: O'Sullivan Ch 7 (253-259; table 7.1) **Learner Objective**: B1. Describe the phases of a normal gait cycle with traditional and Ranchos Los Amigos terminology. **[Definition]**: gait is the propulsion of the body through space, produced through coordinated movements of body segments. - - - - - **[Gait cycle]**: Includes the activities that occur from the point of initial contact of one extremity to the ground to the point at which the same extremity contacts the ground again. During one gait cycle, each extremity passes through two phases, a stance phase, and a swing phase. (One gait cycle = (R) LE contacts the ground to the next time the (R) LE contacts the ground again) **[Stance phase]**: The reference LE is in contact with the ground. Begins at the instant one LE contacts the ground and continues only as long as some portion of the same foot is in contact with the ground. Constitutes about 60 % of the gait cycle. **[Swing phase]**: The reference LE is 'swinging' through the air -- the foot is not in contact with the ground. Begins as soon as the toes of one LE leave the ground and ends just prior to heel strike of the same LE. Constitutes 40% of the gait cycle. **[Double-support (DS):]** occurs when the LE of one side of the body is beginning its stance phase and the LE on the opposite side of the body is ending its stance phase. There are two periods of double support in a single gait cycle. At normal walking speed, DS constitutes about 22% of the gait cycle. **[Subdivisions of the Gait Cycle- Traditional vs. Ranchos Los Amigos]** A. [Traditional terms:] **[Stance Phase] [Swing Phase]** B. [Ranchos Los Amigos (RLA) terms]: **[Stance Phase]** **[Swing Phase]** 1\. Initial contact 1. Initial swing 2\. Loading response 2. Midswing 3\. Midstance 3. Terminal swing 4\. Terminal stance 5\. Preswing \*\* Traditional terminology refers to [points in time] while RLA terminology refers to [lengths of time]. **[Stance Phase (Comparison of Traditional and RLA)]** 1. [Traditional]: **[Heel strike (HS)]**: the beginning of stance phase when the heel contacts the ground. 2. [Traditional]: **[Foot flat (FF)]**: occurs immediately after HS when the sole of the foot contacts the floor. 3. [Traditional]: **[Midstance (MSt):]** the point at which the body passes directly over the reference LE. 4. [Traditional]: **[Heel off (HO)]**: the point at which the heel of the reference extremity leaves the ground. (HO occurs prior to TSt) 5. [Traditional]: **[Toe off (TO):]** the point following HO when only the toe of the reference extremity is in contact with the ground. **[Swing Phase (Comparison of Traditional and RLA)]** 1. [Traditional]: **[Acceleration (Acc)]**: begins once the toe of the reference extremity leaves the ground and continues until the reference extremity is directly under the body. 2. [Traditional]: **[Midswing (MSw)]**: occurs when the reference extremity [passes] directly beneath the body. 3. [Traditional]: **[Deceleration (Dec)]**: occurs after MSw when the reference extremity is decelerating in preparation for HS.