Bio 30S Unit 4 Waste Management Test 2024 PDF

Bio 30S 1 Unit 4 Test Unit 4 – Waste Management Test Multiple Choice 1. An elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body a. Bladder b. Ureter c. Nephron d. Urethra e. Renal pelvis...

Bio 30S 1 Unit 4 Test Unit 4 – Waste Management Test Multiple Choice 1. An elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body a. Bladder b. Ureter c. Nephron d. Urethra e. Renal pelvis 2. When comparing the blood concentrations of urea and oxygen in the renal artery to those in the renal vein, one finds that in the renal artery … a. urea is lower and oxygen is lower. b. urea is lower and oxygen is higher. c. urea is higher and oxygen is lower. d. urea is higher and oxygen is higher. 3. Which substance would normally be found in higher concentration in urine than in blood? a. Urea. b. Protein. c. Oxygen. d. Glucose. 4. Antidiuretic hormone has a DIRECT effect on the a. Bladder. b. Kidney. c. Ureter. d. Sphincter. 5. Aldosterone is secreted by the a. Hypothalamus b. Nephron. c. Adrenal gland. d. Pituitary gland. 6. Sweat contains: a. Water, salt and ammonia b. Water, salt, and urea c. Water and salt only d. Water only 7. Which of the following is a disorder of the kidneys in which the functional unit of the kidneys become inflamed or damaged? a. Diabetes b. Kidney stones c. Cystitis d. Nephritis 8. Which organ filters blood and maintains the homeostasis of body fluids? a. Lungs b. Skin c. Kidney d. Pancreas 9. Antidiuretic hormone is produced by the a. Kidneys. b. Pancreas. c. Hypothalamus. d. Pituitary gland. 10. Which of the following would cause the kidney to produce more concentrated urine? a. Increased blood volume. b. Increased alcohol intake. c. Decreased blood pressure. d. Decreased ADH secretion. 11. A blockage in a urethra would interfere with a. urine entering the kidney b. urine entering the bladder c. urine leaving the body d. urea entering the kidney 12. The _________ is involved in the reabsorption of water in the kidney a. convoluted tubules b. glomerular capsule c. Bowman’s capsule d. none of the above Bio 30S 2 Unit 4 Test 13. Which organ converts ammonia to urea? a. Pancreas b. Gallbladder c. Kidney d. Liver 14. What part of the nephron is located between the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule? a. medial convoluted tubule b. loop of Henle c. collecting tubule d. glomerulus 15. ___________________ is the primary (first) nitrogenous end product of breaking down amino acids? a. ammonia b. uric acid c. urea d. ATP 16. Which substance is NOT a metabolic waste in humans? a. carbon dioxide b. oxygen c. salt d. urea 17. In a healthy person, Bowman’s capsules are found in the a. renal vein. b. renal pelvis. c. renal cortex. d. renal vein. 18. If the blood becomes acidic, the kidneys will maintain homeostasis by actively excreting a. penicillin. b. histamine. c. calcium ions. d. hydrogen ions. 19. When the level of ADH increases in the blood, a. Less water is reabsorbed in the blood and urine output increases. b. Less water is reabsorbed in the blood and urine output decreases. c. More water is reabsorbed in the blood and urine output decreases. d. More water is reabsorbed in the blood and urine output increases. 20. What name is given to the tiny filtering units that make up each kidney? a. nephrons b. tubules c. filter d. organs 21. An increase in the amount of circulating ADH will lead to a. a decrease in the concentration of urine produced b. an increase in the concentration of urine produced c. a decrease in the amount of sodium reabsorbed d. an increase in the amount of sodium reabsorbed 22. Which structure excretes carbon dioxide from the body? a. nephron b. lungs c. sweat gland d. liver 23. Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste product? a. ammonia b. sodium chloride c. urea d. uric acid 24. The function of the ureter is to a. produce urine. b. reabsorb water. c. transport urine from the kidney. d. store urine until it can be released. Bio 30S 3 Unit 4 Test 25. The function of dialysis is to ________. a. Remove large amounts of urea from the blood b. Filter metabolic waste from the blood c. Add necessary substances to the blood d. All the answers are correct. 26. ADH is stored in a. Hypothalamus b. Hippocampus c. Adrenal gland d. Pituitary gland 27. Glucose in urine is the main sign of ________. a. Hepatitis b. Urinary tract infection c. Diabetes d. Hypertension 28. Which of the following processes correctly describes the processing of nitrogenous wastes in humans? a. Converted from ammonia to urea in the liver b. Converted from ammonia to urea in the kidney c. Converted from urea to ammonia in the kidney d. Converted from urea to ammonia in the liver 29. Excretion can be defined as the removal of a. Toxins from food. b. Bacteria from the body. c. Metabolic wastes from the body. d. Excess red blood cells from the blood. 30. What is the name of the circular muscle that controls the flow of urine from the body? a. Kidney muscle b. Sphincter muscle c. Bladder muscle d. Peristalsis 31. In addition to water, the principal components of urine are a. amino acids and fatty acids b. urea and salts c. ammonia and bile d. hydrochloric acid and urea 32. Increase in blood pressure can be the result of a. Increased blood volume. b. Decreased sodium absorption. c. Decreased ADH. d. Increased opening of capillary beds 33. Low blood volume will result in a. Increased secretion of aldosterone. b. Decreased secretion of ADH. c. Decreased secretion of ADH and an increase in aldosterone. d. Increased secretion of ADH and a decrease in aldosterone. Bio 30S 4 Unit 4 Test 34. Which of the following glands produces aldosterone? a. Y b. Z c. X d. W 35. Using the diagram above, which produces ADH? a. Y b. Z c. X d. W 36. Which of these is the correct sequence of urine moving through the urinary system a. Kidneys ureters bladder urethra b. Bladder kidneys ureters urethra c. Kidneys urethra bladder ureters d. Ureters kidneys bladder urethra 37. Which is not true regarding kidneys? a. Both kidneys are needed to survive. b. They are bean shaped and reddish brown in color. c. Each kidney is divided into a cortex and medulla. d. They are the main excretory organs. 38. How many nephrons are contained in each kidney? a. about 100 b. about 1000 c. less than 100 d. about a million 39. Which substance is not found in the proximal convoluted tube of a healthy individual? a. urea b. glucose c. protein d. water Bio 30S 5 Unit 4 Test 40. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the glomerulus? a. It is composed of small vessels. b. It surrounds the Bowman’s capsule. c. Its blood pressure promotes filtration. d. Blood enters it through the afferent arteriole. 41. The composition of the filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule is determined by a. pH b. enzymes. c. temperature. d. molecular size. 42. Movement of fluids from the glomerulus to Bowman’s capsule is due to a. osmosis. b. secretion. c. active transport. d. pressure filtration 43. Which of the following is a process that involves filling the abdominal cavity with fluid that absorbs metabolic waste? This can be done from home. a. Hemodialysis. b. Peritoneal dialysis c. Renal filtration d. Urinalysis 44. Which of the following would cause increased water reabsorption by the kidneys into the blood? a. Increased blood volume b. Decreased blood pressure c. Increased caffeine d. Increased alcohol consumption 45. Which of the following is produced in response to a high solute (salt) concentration in the blood? a. Insulin. b. Adrenalin. c. Aldosterone. d. Antidiuretic hormone 46. Which of the following hormones is released depending on the kidney detecting a change in a person’s blood pressure? a. aldosterone b. ADH c. insulin d. ASH 47. Why are females more prone to urinary bladder? a. In males the ureter is longer b. In females the urethra is absent c. In females the ureter is longer d. In females the urethra is shorter e. In females the urinary bladder is smaller 48. Which of the following symptoms might be an indication of kidney failure? a. Salt in the urine. b. Urea in the urine. c. Protein in the urine. d. all the above. 49. Which of the following is a process that involves passing blood through a machine that functions as a kidney? a. Hemodialysis b. Peritoneal dialysis c. Renal filtration d. Urinalysis Bio 30S 6 Unit 4 Test 50. Blood in the kidney is filtered in the a. glomerulus. b. distal tubule. c. loop of Henle. d. collecting duct. 51. Which of the following would not be found in high concentration in the urine of a healthy individual? a. Urea. b. Leucocytes. c. Water. d. None of the above. 52. Which organs are involved in the elimination of mineral salts? Circle all that apply. a. Liver b. Kidney c. Skin d. Lungs e. Intestines 53. Which organ is responsible for osmoregulation? a. Liver b. Kidney c. Skin d. Lungs e. Intestines 54. Which of the following is NOT a function of the organ shown? a. to produce urea b. to maintain a constant blood volume c. to excrete metabolic wastes d. to regulate the acidity of the blood e. to maintenance of water balance f. to regulate temperature 55. Alcohol limits the release of ADH. Therefore, results in… CIRLCLE ALL THAT APPLY a. More concentrated urine. b. Less concentrated urine. c. Increased volume of urine. d. Decreased volume of urine. 56. What causes kidney stones? a) insufficient water intake b) certain medications c) diet like spinach, rhubarb and other foods high in oxalate d) all the above 57. Which of the following is NOT a treatment for kidney stones? a) surgery c) sound or light ways to pulverize the kidney stones b) medication d) increasing the acidity of the patient’s urine Bio 30S 7 Unit 4 Test 58. The loop of Henle is the site that _______________________ occurs a) filtration b) reabsorption or absorption c) secretion d) b and c 59. The convoluted tubules and the collecting duct are the sites that _________________ occurs a) filtration b) reabsorption or absorption c) secretion d) b and c 60. Deamination take place in the: a) nephron b) liver c) lungs d) skin 61. If the hormone HCG is detected in a urinalysis would most likely indicate: a. nephritis b. kidney stones c. pregnancy d. sexual transmitted disease 62. Blood in a urinalysis test could indicate which of the following: a. nephritis b. kidneys stones c. UTI d. all the above. Short Answer: (6 marks) 1. This is a test that can be done by an employer or parole office to determine if an individual is using illegal drugs. 2. What are three things that can be found in a patient’s urine that will detect an infection? 3. What are two things that can be found in a patient’s urine that could indicate cancer? 4. What is the general name for the fluid/substance called that is forced out of the glomerulus to the Bowman’s capsule? 5. What is the name (not formula) of the substance that would be produced by: 2NH3 + CO2 à Bio 30S 8 Unit 4 Test Fill in the Blanks 1. Urinary System: (4 marks) U __________________________ V __________________________ X __________________________ Y __________________________ 2. The Kidney (6 marks) Bio 30S 9 Unit 4 Test 3. The Nephron (15 marks) a) Label each part of the nephron (6 marks) Full words no abbreviations. b) On the second blank indicate which has blood (B) and which has filtrate (F). (6 marks) P______________________________________ _______ ______ Q______________________________________ _______ ______ R______________________________________ _______ ______ S______________________________________ _______ ______ T ______________________________________ _______ ______ U______________________________________ _______ ______ V ______________________________________ _______ ______ W______________________________________ _______ ______ X ______________________________________ _______ ______ Y ______________________________________ _______ ______ Z ______________________________________ _______ ______ c) Indicate the three processes in order they happen and what materials move in or out of the blood. INDICATE IF moving into or out of the blood. (3 marks) i) ii) iii) Bio 30S 10 Unit 4 Test Long Answer: You must use complete sentences. (3 marks) 1. What is the role of the liver in excretion? (3 marks)