Unit 1 Introduction 2 PDF

‫ ان‬/‫مو مهم بس يبيك تعرف‬ Word root ‫جذر واصل الكلمه يكون من‬ ‫اصل >تيني او يوناني وعطا‬ ‫امثله سخيفه‬ Word root is the main body of the...

‫ ان‬/‫مو مهم بس يبيك تعرف‬ Word root ‫جذر واصل الكلمه يكون من‬ ‫اصل >تيني او يوناني وعطا‬ ‫امثله سخيفه‬ Word root is the main body of the word. Word Root Greek or Latin origin Use in a Word lith Lithos (G., stone) lithiasis i psych + Psyche (G., mind) 1 psychology 3 &j/ caud Cauda (L.,tail) caudal * or Oris (L.,mouth) oral  3 igs - Combining vowel A vowel, called a combining vowel is‫سهل‬often ‫تخلي نطق الكلمه ا‬ inserted between word roots to make the word easier to pronounce. ‫التحميل‬used The most frequently ‫…يجري‬ vowel is23 - “o” ↓ 1 Cardi/o ‫شي للقلب‬ assud ~ M Gastr/o ‫شي للمعدة‬ - & Y Oste/o ‫شي في العظام‬  ‫بدايه الكلمة‬ ‫نهاية الكلمة‬ Prefixes and Suffixes Word root is usually accompanied by a prefix or suffix, (or sometimes by both.S :‫فيه كلمات تحتوي عليها الثنت‬ u A prefix is placed before the word. - ~ 9 If prefix is written alone it is usually followed by a hyphen (e. g., anti-) indicating that => another word part follows- the prefix to form a complete word. 2 : N 0 = -antivirus , s j9s e.g. O A-febrile = without fever - - -unti-inflammatory ‫ قبل الكلمه يعني نفي‬A ‫اختصار ال‬ ⑭ ‫( يعني نفي‬-A) ‫اي مرض او كلمه او تشخيص فيه‬ A-Pathy : 15 ↓ (1459410 3) -  ~ Is i A&suffix is attached to the end of a word or = word root toEmodify its meaning.] > - ‫تعدل او تغير ا@عنى‬ A suffix is usually preceded by ahyphen when ‫خليه‬ suffix is written alone (e.g., -cyte) indicating · that another word part generally precedes it before a complete word can be formed. ‫دم‬/‫حمراء‬ ‫التحميل‬ -l ‫…يجري‬ Erythr/o (red)+cyte(cell)=red cell I > - S - ElsI's Es 19517 & Sometime a word is composed of only a prefix and suffix (e.g., dys- and –pnea) & &ij ↓ ‫ت تتكون الكلمه كامله من بريفكس وسفيكس بدون كلمه اساسيه بينهم مو شرط‬G‫بعض الحا‬ simi dayspnea: ‫مثل كلمه او مرض‬ "sif  : : - >10%. Drop the combining vowel if the suffix also - begins with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u) ~ is] - > al i U E.g.(hepat/o+ itisS= hepatitis * ‫ن ماله داعي‬V ‫حذفنا حرف العله يوم ضفنا سفيكس‬ ‫ووجوده زي عدمه‬ : 85 "S" Most prefixes end with a vowel and may be - added to other word part without change. 5 5 use > - a % S+ 3 E.g.Im pre+ cancerous/eruptive/operative = Y im 205 precancerous/preeruptive/preoperative. -- [ O & & C - > - ~ - is & - E.g.(Anti-& +biotic/coagulant= antibiotic/ & ve - anticoagulant, while only ant- is used when - prefix is joint to a vowel. ‫ ك اختصار‬i ‫بعض ا>حيان والحا>ت نحذف ال‬:‫فلسفه‬ E.g. anti-+acid=antacid 8 > - Jun - -  ‫شياء او الكلمات الي سميناها نسبه لشخص‬G‫مراض او ا‬G‫ا‬:‫معناتها‬ Eponyms - ‫كتشافات العلميه الي ننسبها ب اسم مكتشفها‬G‫زي ا‬ I -11 s / 8s13) Are names for diseases, organs, procedure or body F T & j ‫اشتقينها من اسم شخص‬ functions that are derived from the name of a person. - 1 ‫ده قيصريه‬G‫و‬ A2- cesarean section, a surgical procedure in which the - a e abdomen and uterus are surgically opened to deliver & S/ *1. Sc s the infants, is an eponyms named after the manner in II 11 - which Julius Caeser was supposedly born. (I I - ‫سميت نسبه ل الطريقه الي يعتقدون انه ولد وجا بها‬ & & -O E.g. Parkinson and Alzheimer disease etc. , 3 ↓ ↓ 39 65 ; - S ~  ‫اختصارات‬ ‫علم ا>دوية‬ Abbreviations and Pharmacology - - 11 - a Are shortened forms of written words or phrase - that are used in place of the whole. E.g MD gasid - means Doctor of medicine.- minimum ~ - & Ss) Letters( The abbreviation for shortness of - ~ breath isE SOB)‫ستشفى‬e‫اختصار ضيق التنفس في ا‬ &is -0 , 2 / Shortened words; (Latin) Statim meaning “at h‫فورا ً او عاج‬ - once” or immediately. Acronyms are pronounceable names made up 1 ) of series of letters or parts of words.↑( ‫ لو عندنا مرض متكون من اكثر من كلمه او اسم منشأه‬i‫مث‬ ‫)نختصرها ناخذ اول حرف من كل جملة‬ Coronary artery bypass graft E.g., CABG pronounced like the Cvegetable,) -  stands for the coronary artery bypass graft. Plurals > - ‫الجمع‬ Plurals of many medical terms are formed by [0adding an “s” to the singular term. E.g., Abrasion----- Abrasions(plural) - - Many nouns that ends in s, ch or sh form their plural by adding –es E.g., sinus-----sinuses(plural) inner Singular nouns that end in y preceded by a consonant form their plurals by changing the “y” to “i” and adding –es ~ E.g., Allergy----Allergies(plural)