Unit 1 Human Value & Ethics PDF

Page 1 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-1 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) UNIT| Introduction...

Page 1 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-1 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) UNIT| Introduction CONTENTS Part-1 Understanding Value Education 1-2Y to 1-7Y Part-2 Self-Exploration as the Process.... 1-7Y to 1-10Y for Value Education Part-3 The Basic Human Aspirationss:..... 1-10Y to 1-12YY. Continuous Happiness and Prosperity Part-4 : Basic Requirements for..... 1-12Y to 1-19Y Fulfillment of Aspirations of Every Human Being and Understanding Prosperity and Happiness Part-5 : Harmony at Al Levels..1-19Y to 1-20Y www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 2 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-2 Y (CC-Sem-3 & 4) PART 11 Understanding Value Education. Questions-Answers Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions Que 1.1. |What do you mean by values or human values ? Answer Human Values : 1. Human values are the goodness that guides us to take into account the human element when we interact with other! uman beings. 2. Human values are, for example, respect, acceptance, consideration, appreciation, listening, openness, affection, empathy and love towards other human beings. 3. It is with those human values that one becomes truly able to put into practice his/her ethical values, such as justice, integrity, refusal of violence. 4. They are the values that permit us to live together in harmony, and personally contribute to peace. 5. Human values are a tool to manage human relations and a tool for peace when the tension is high. Que 1.2. What are the fundamental values of human beings ? Elaborate. Answer The five core (fundamental) human values are (1) Right conduct, (2) Peace, (3) Truth, (4) Love, and (5) Non-violence.. Values related to right conduct are: i. Self-help skills : Care of possessions, diet, hygiene, modesty, posture, self reliance, and tidy appearance. ii. Socialskills : Good behaviour, good manners, good relationships,| helpfulness, No wastage, and good environment. ii. Ethical skills : Code of conduct, courage, dependability, duty, efficiency, ingenuity, initiative, perseverance, punctuality, | resourcefulness, respect for all, and responsibility. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 3 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-3 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) 2. Values related to peace are : Attention, calmness, concentration, contentment, dignity, discipline, equality, equanimity, faithfulness, focus, gratitude, happiness, harmony, humility, inner silence, optimism, patience, reflection, satisfaction, self-acceptance, self-confidence, self- control, self-discipline, self-esteem, self-respect, sense control, tolerance, and understanding 3. Values related to truth are:Accuracy, curiosity, discernment, fairness, fearlessness, honesty, integrity (unity of thought, word, and deed), intuition, justice, optimism, purity, quest for knowledge, reason, self- analysis, sincerity, sprit of enquiry, synthesis, trust, truthfulness, and determination. 4 Values related to love are: Acceptance, affection, care, compassion, consideration, dedication, devotion, enmpathy, forbearance, forgiveness, friendship, generosity, gentleness, humanness, interdependence, kindness, patience, patriotism, reverence, sacrifice, selflessness, service, sharing, sympathy, thoughtfulness, tolerance and trust. 5. Values related to non-violence are: i. Psychological : Benevolence, compassion, concern for others, consideration, forbearance, forgiveness, manners, happiness, loyalty, morality, and universal love ii. Social: Appreciation of other cultures and religions, brotherhood, care of environment, citizenship, equality, harmlessness, national awareness, perseverance, respect for property, and social justice. Que 1.3. Define the term values. Write the two factors of human values. AKTU 2015-16(II), Marks 05 Answer Values: Refer Q. 1.1, Page 1-2Y, Unit-1. Factors of human values: Assertiveness : It is the ability to honestly express your opinions, feelings, attitudes, and rights, without undue anxiety. This behaviour earns the individual respect from others, while the others treat him with love as he is a man of self-respect. 2. Self-Monitoring: Individuals high in self-monitoring show adaptability in adjusting their behaviour to external, situational factors. They are highly sensitive to external cues and behave differently in different situations. Que 1.4. What do you mean by values? How do they differ from skills ? How are values and skills complementary ? AKTU 2017-18(IID, Marks 07 www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 4 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-4Y(CC-Sem-3 &4) OR For success in any human endeavour both values and skill are required". Explain. AKTU 2015-16(11), Marks 7.5 Answer Values: Refer Q. 1.1, Page 1-2Y, Unit-1. 1. Values mean importance or participation and skills means qualities, training, and capabilities. To fulfill our aspirations both values and skills are necessary. 2. When we identify and set the right goals and produced in right direction. This is known as value domain, the domain of wisdom. 3. Basically we must know what really is useful to achieve human happiness, the happiness to all and for all the time. And when we learn and practices to actualize this goal to develop the techniques to make this happen in real life, in various dimensions of human endeavour (struggle). This is known as domain of skills. Hence, there is an essential complementarity between values and skills for the success of any human endeavour. 5. For example, I want to lead a healthy life. i. Only wishing for good health will not help me keep my body fit and healthy and without having understood the meaning of health, I will not be able to choose things correctly to keep my body fit and healthy. ii. So I have to learn the skills to achieve the goal of good health i.e. food to be consumed, the physical workout to be designed. Que 1.5. What is value education ? What is the importance of value education ? OR Explain briefly the importance of value based education for the development of a society. AKTU 2018-19(1II), Marks07 Answeer Value Education 1. The subject that enables us to understand 'what is valuable' for human happiness is called value education. 2. Value education is important to help everyone in improving the value | system that he/she holds and puts it to use. 3. Once, one has understood his/ her values in life he/she can examine and control the various choices he/she makes in his/ her life. Importance of value education: Value education helps us to explore our inner happiness. 2. It helps us to remove the ignorance, which covers our inner knowledge. 3. It helps us to build up strong relation. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 5 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-5 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) 4. It helps us to actualize the potential which already exists within us. 5. It helps us to visualize our goals clearly. 6. It teaches us to be in harmony with self, people and nature. 7. It reduces the feeling of jealousy and promotes brotherhood. 8. It widens our perception towards analyzing things. 9 It helps us in building our thoughts and thus character. 10. It helps us to understand our needs and provides direction to fulfill them. Que 1.6. What do you mean by value education ? Why there is a | need of value education in your life ? AKTU 2016-17(IV), Marks 10 OR What is value education and why is it so important to professional education? AKTU 2014-15(TV), Marks 04 OR Write a short note on the needs for value education in today's scenario. AKTU 2018-19(1ID, Marks 07 OR What is value education ? Why there is a need ofvalue education? AKTU 2016-17(1II), Marks05 Answer Value Education : Refer Q. 1.5, Page 1-4Y, Unit-1. Needs for the Value Education:. The subject that enables us to understand 'what is valuable' for human happiness is called value education. 2. The present education system has become largely skill-based. 3. The prime emphasis is on science and technology. However, science and technology can only help to provide the means to achieve what is considered valuable. 4. It is not within the scope of science and technology to provide the competence of deciding what really is valuable. 5. Value Education is a crucial missing link in the present education system. 6. Because of this deficiency, most of our efforts may prove to be counterproductive and serious crises at the individual, societal and environmental level are manifesting. Que 1.7. What are the basic guidelines for value education? AKTU 2018-19TV), Marks07 www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 6 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-6Y (CC-Sem-3 & 4) OR Explain need, basic guidelines of value education. AKTU 2017-18(TV), Marks 07| Answer Need of Value Education: Refer Q. 1.6, Page 1-5Y, Unit-1. Basie Guidelines of Value Education: Value education must be imparted in an efficient manner and should follow widely valuable | guidelines so that it is effective and useful for individuals with different sets of beliefs and world-views. 1. Universal: Value education should be universal in nature; in other words it must be universally applicable to all human beings and should be true at all times and all places. It can't work if it is limited to a particular religion, sect, nationality or any such group. 2. Rational: It must be rational then only it will appeal to an individual's intellect. Ifit is based on blind beliefs or dogmas, it will be rejected by the educated person. 3. Natural and Verifiable : Value education must be natural and verifiable. It should be natural in the sense that it should be acceptable in a natural manner to all human beings, so that it brings the natural order of happiness and contentment to the individual. These values should also be verifiable, as only if they are valid they will hold any meaning for the individual. 4. All Encompassing: Value education must be all encompassing because it must take into account all dimensions of our living. It can only transform our consciousness and living if it pervades our thoughts, our behavior and our work at all levels such as the individual, family, society and nature. 5. Leading to Harmony: Lastly, the main aim of value education is to enable us to be in harmony within ourselves and in harmony with other humans and the rest of nature. Que 1.8. What should be the content of value education? Answer Content of Value Education: 1. The content of value education must include: i. All dimensions: Thought, behaviour, work, and realization and ii. All levels: Individual, family, society, nature and existence of human living. 2 It must have a clear understanding of each of these and their inter relationship i.e., harmony underlying all of them. Que 1.9. What should be the process of value education ? www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 7 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-7Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) Answer Process of Value Education:. The process of value education has to be that of self exploration, and not of giving sermons or telling dos and don'ts. 2. Whatever is found as truth or reality may be stated as proposal and has to be verified at the own right. 3 It is process of dialogue between What you are' and 'What you really want to be'. 4. It is a process of knowing oneself and through that knowing entire existence. 5. It is a process of recognizing one's relation with every unit in existence and fulfilling it. 6. This process of self exploration helps you be in harmony within yourself and in harmony with everything around. PART-2 Self-Exploration as the Process for Value Education. Questions-Answers Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions Que 1.10. | What do you mean by self exploration ? What are the basic contents of self-exploration ? AKTU 2016-17(TV), Marks 10 OR Define self exploration. What is the content of self-exploration ? AKTU 2016-17(II), Marks 05 Answeer Self Exploration:. Self exploration is the process to find out what is valuable to me by investigating within myself, what is right for me, true for me, has to be judged within myself.. Through self exploration we get the value of our self. We live with different entirety (family, friends, air, soil, water, trees, etc.) and we want to understand our relationship with all these. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 8 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-8Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) 3. For this we need to start observing inside. The main focus of self exploration is myself - the human being. Basic Contents of Self Exploration :Content of self exploration is just finding answers to the following fundamental questions ofallhuman beings: The Desire/Goal: What are my (human) Desire/ Goal ? What do I | really want in life, or what is the goal of human life ? 2. Program: What is my (human) program for fulfilling the desire? How to fulfill it? What is the program to actualize the above? In short, the above two questions cover the whole domain of human aspirations and human endeavour. Thus, they form the content of self exploration. Que 1.11. | What is self-Exploration ? Explain the process of self exploration with a diagram. AKTU 2018-19(TV), Marks 07 OR Define the process of self-exploration with the help of diagram and its benefits. AKTU 2015-16(II), Marks 05 OR What is self-exploration, its content and process ? AKTU 2017-18(TV), Marks 07 Answer Self Exploration: Refer Q. 1.10, Page 1-7Y, Unit-1. Process of Self Exploration: The process of self exploration is as follows 1. First of all we have to keep in mind that, whatever is being presented in a proposal. i. Don't assume it to be true immediately, nor reject it without proper exploration. Verify it in your own right, on the basis of it being naturally acceptable to you, ii. Not just on the basis of scriptures. iv. Not on the basis of equipment/instrument data. V. Not on the basis of the assertion by other human beings. 2. Therefore, it is essential to carefully ponder over these on your own right. Neither accept these as true immediately nor reject them prematurely without proper exploration. 3. Then what to do: i. Verify on the basis of your natural acceptance. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 9 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-9Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) ii. Live accordingly to validate it experientially. ii. If the proposal is true in behaviour with human it leads to mutual happiness. iv. If the proposal is true in work with rest of the nature it leads too mutual prosperity. 4. The process is shown in the Fig. 1.11.1. 5. But this process is not complete. It will be completed when the verification on the basis of natural acceptance and testing in our living ultimately results in 'realization' and 'understanding' in us. 6. On having realization and understanding we get assurance, satisfaction and Universality (applies to all time, space and individual). Process of self-exploration Live according to it Proposal Behaviour Work with with human rest of the Verify on the basis leads to nature leads of your natural mutual to mutual acceptance happiness prosperity Results in Realization & Assurance understanding Test Satisfaction Universally Keep asking again and again: what is my nature me Space Individual Fig. 1.11.1. 7. For example: A proposal respect' is a value in human relation. WhenI verify at the level of natural acceptance, I find that it is naturally acceptable | to me. Similarly, when I behave with respect, it is mutually fulfilling to me and to the other. Thus the proposal is "True'. If it fails on any of the two tests, it is untrue. This verification leads to realization of the truthfulness of the proposal and it becomes part and parcel of my understanding. It is reflected in my thoughts and in my behaviour. Que 1.12. | Explain the process of self exploration to understand human values. How does our preconditioning hinder this process? Give one example. AKTU 2018-19(1II), Marks 07 Answer Process of Self Exploration: Refer Q. 1.11, Page 1-8Y, Unit-1. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 10 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-10Y (CC-Sem-3 &4). We operate largely on the basis of the environment, driven from the outside - either from sensations, or based on pre- conditionings. 2. Ifour desires, thoughts and expectations are based on pre-conditionings, we are generally in a state of great confusion. This leads to confusion, unhappiness, conflict and stress. 3. For example we have a preconditioning of "good life means havinga nice car." Que 1.13.| What do you mean by your natural acceptance and experiential validation ? AKTU 2016-17(IID, Marks 05 Answer Natural Acceptance: 1. Natural acceptance is a mechanism of self exploration. 2 Self exploration is a method to explore our self. 3. Natural acceptance implies unconditional and total acceptance of the self, people and environment. 4. It also refers to the absence of any exception from others. 5. In other words, Natural acceptance is a way to accept the good things naturally. Experiential Validation: Experiential validation is a process that infuses direct experience with the learning environment and content. 2. Most of what we know about our self is not only through our own opinion of our self but also because of how others view us. 3. When what we already believe to be true of us is validated by some situations, phenomena or outcomes. We may term it as experiential validatioon. PART-3 The Basic Human Aspirations : Continuous Happiness and Prosperity. Questions-Answers Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions Que 1.14.| What are the basic aspirations of a human being? Define and explain. AKTU 2014-15IID, Marks04 AKTU 2016-17(II), Marks 05 www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 11 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-11 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) Answer Basic Aspirations: Following are the basic aspirations of a human being: 1. Every Human Being aspires to be happy. All his efforts are toward this end. The outcome from his efforts depends on the focus of the effort, specifically on his notions about happiness. 2. When these notions are right, the outcome is mutual happiness. When the notions are wrong, the outcome is unhappiness. 3. On closer observation, we can see that every human being aspires for a way of life which ensures happiness for all human beings living in harmony with nature. At an individual level, happiness is harmony and integration among all four dimensions within the self Thought, Behaviour, Work and - Realization. 5. At the level of society, individuals aspire to ensure harmony and integration among four levels Individual, Family, Society and Nature. - 6. This is the aspiration; this is the desire, this is the innate need of every human being, regardless of age, gender, caste, creed, nation and beliefs. Que 1.15. | How you look at your basic aspirations. Is it To Be', To Get, To Become' ? Justify your right priority with examples. AKTU 2017-18(IV), Marks 07| Answer A. Basic Aspiratiions: 1. The basic root of all our aspirations and the resulting actions are continuous happiness and prosperity. 2. All our wants result from the basis of our desire to be happy. 3. Whether we want the highest marks or the best job, the underlying desire is to attain continuous happiness. Every time we achieve a particular 'want, we want more as we wantt this feeling to continue. 5. Similarly, when we have more than enough of physical facilities, we feel a sense of prosperity, which is also vital to our sense of happiness. 6 So both continuous happiness and prosperity are the main reasons for all our endeavours. B. It is To Be', To Get', To Become' 1. Let us say, you want to be the first ranker in the class. Now, behind this desire to get the first rank, is there a more basic desire ? Why do you want to get the first rank ? If you keep asking this question, you will find www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 12 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-12Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) that there is a basic desire. What is this desire, is it to be happy? Yes, it is. 2. Take any other want or desire and you will find the same thing. You will find that each of you wants emerges from the basic aspiration to be happy. This can be verified by each one of you. PART-4 Basic Requirements for Fulifillment of Aspirations of Every Human Being and Understanding Prosperity and Happiness. Questions-Answers Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions Que 1.16. | What are the requirements to fulfill basic human aspirations ? AKTU 2018-19(IID, 2018-19(IV); Marks 07 OR Explain the basie requirement for fulfillment of human aspirations. Write down the concept of SSSS with the help of diagram. AKTU 2015-161II), Marks 05| Answer 1. Three things are needed in order to fulfill basic human aspirations-right understanding, right relationship and physical facilities. 2. Human aspirations are the things which all human beings aspire for. Aspirations stand for our longings and deep desires. Hence, the basic aspirations or deep desires of all human beings are only happiness and prosperity. In respect to fulfill these aspirations we need such things to satisfy our basie needs like, food, clothing and shelter etc. Moreover, these aspirations of human being may be fulfilled, if he/she is following the right order. The basic requirements for fulfillment of human aspirations are i. Right Understanding: Right understanding helps us to decide how we work for physical facilities and maintain feelings of different relationship with others. It is one of the major tools for fulfilment of our aspirations, which basically need the transformation from animal consciousness to human consciousness. The theory of coexistence (to live together) is basically needed to comprehend the surroundings. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 13 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-13 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) ii. Relationship: In nature to create harmony there is a basic need for affectionate relations with other individuals. We need relationship based on love, understanding, care and respect so that no doubt leads the way of happiness and prosperity. iii. Physical Facilities: Physical facilities like food, clothes, shelter and protection are the basic need of all human beings. It is the right sense of understanding which makes us capable to fulfill them as required. Concept of SSSS: | 1. Having physical facilities and feeling happy and prosperous. i Such people can be said to be materially affluent, happy and prosperous or Sadhan Sampann Sukhi Samridh'. 1. The short form for this can be written as : SSSS! 2. Thus, we can conclude the following We need to work for all three, and this is the order in which we have to work : i. Right understanding ii. Relationship ii. Physical facilities 3. Working with this order, we are able to ensure mutual fulfillment with human beings and mutual prosperity with the rest of nature. 1. Right understanding 2.Relationship 3. Physicalfacilities Relationship with other Relationship with rest human/people leads of nature leads to to mutual fulfilment mutual prosperity a) Decide requirements, ensure more than it leads - prosperity in us b) Work in a mutually fulfilling manner with nature -leads to prosperity/enriching to nature Fig. 1.16.1. Que 1.17. | What are the abbreviations given as SVDD, SSDD and SSSS signify and explain each of them ? www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 14 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-14 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) Answer 1. To achieve our basic aspirations we need to work for right understanding as the base on which we can work for relationship and then physical facilities. 2. Today we are not working according to this that why we can see that there are two kind of people in the world 1. Those that do not have physical facilities/ wealth and feel unhappy and deprived, i.e., SVDD Sadhan Viheen Dukhi Daridra Materially Deficient, Unhappy and Deprived. i. Those that have physical facilities/ wealth and feel unhappy and deprived, i.e., SSDD Sadhan Sampann Dukhi Daridra Materially Affluent, Unhappy and Deprived. But these are states we don't want to be in. ii. We want to move from this to third category, i.e., having physical facilities and feeling happy and prosperous, i.e., SSSS : Sadhan Sampann Sukhi Samriddha - Materially Adequate, Happy and Prosperous. iv. Presently, as we look around, we find most of the people in the above two categories called SVDD and SSDD, while the natural acceptance of all human beings is to be in the category of SSSS. Que 1.18. | Elaborate the difference between "Sadhan Viheen Dukhi Daridtra" and "Sadhan Sampann Dukhi Daridtra". AKTU 2015-16(1ID, Marks 05 Answer S. No. SVDD SSDD 1. When an individual does not|When an individual has physical have physical facilities and so facilities and yet feels unhappy and feels deficient, unhappy and deprived, he/she falls into the deprived, he/she falls into the category of SSDD or category of SVDD or | SadhanSampannDukhiDaridra. SadhanViheenDukhiDaridra. 2. He/She does not possess He/She does possess material material facilities and possessions but is still unhappy and happiness and feels feels deprived. materially deficient, unhappy and deprived. Mostly there are two types of people in the world :SVDD and SSDD, as there is always some unhappiness and dissatisfaction within an individual. But when an individual is able to achieve right understanding, www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 15 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-15 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) he/she is able to achieve a state of happiness and contentment in all spheres of life. In other words he/she becomes Sadhan Sampann Sukhi Samridh or SSSS. Que 1.19. | Define happiness, unhappiness and prosperity. AKTU 2015-16(TV), Marks 03 Answer Happiness: 1. Happiness results from a variety of feelings that are effortless and comes naturally to us. 2. Trust, honesty, respect, confidence, etc., are feelings that we welcome with open arms at all times. 3. They lead us to a state of harmony within us and with others around us. For instance if a person trusts a friend, they feel a sense of mutual harmony, which is also reflected in their interactions with others around them 4. Thus, happiness is a state where there is harmony all around. Unhappiness: 1. Unhappiness is the result of any kind of contradiction struggle or conflict within us or with any other person. 2 For instance, if a person does not trust a friend, both of them will feel uncomfortable and will not like the situation. 3. So mistrust, dishonesty, lack of respect and lack of confidence are some feelings that lead to unhappiness. Prosperity: It is clear that prosperity is linked to material possessions or physical facilities'. 2. All the physical things we need to take care of our body needs constitute these physical facilities. 3. Once we have enough of these physical facilities, we feel prosperous. Thus, prosperity is the feeling of having more than enough physical facilities. 4. To understand prosperity, we need to correctly assess the need of physical facilities and be able to make available more than enough of these facilities. Que 1.20. | What is happiness and prosperity ? Are they related to each other? Can happiness be obtained without prosperity ? Explain. AKTU 2016-17(1II), Marks 05 www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 16 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-16 Y (CC-Sem-3 & 4) OR What is prosperity ? Is it different from happiness 2 AKTU 2014-15TV), Marks 04| Answeer Happiness: Refer Q. 1.19, Page 1-15Y, Unit-1. Prosperity: Refer Q. 1.19, Page 1-15Y, Unit-1. 1. Happiness and prosperity are not related to each other. 2. Prosperity helps to remain in state of happiness but it doesn't push towards happinesSs. 3. There are so many stories depicting about how a beggar lives a happy and self content life while a king has wealth but he is unhappy and unsatisfied. Prosperity leads oneself to reduce tensions in day to day life, but if | 4. someone is greedy and thrive for more wealth then it can't. 5. Good health, right attitude towards life, honesty these things leads to happiness. Que 1.21. | Critically examine the prevailing notions of happiness and prosperity and their consequences. AKTU 2017-18I), Marks 07 OR What is your vision of happy and prosperous life ? AKTU 2016-17(IV), Marks 10| Answeer. We are trying to achieve happiness and prosperity by maximizing accumulation and consumption of physical facilities. 2. It is becoming anti-ecological and anti-people, and threatening the human survival itself. Some of the consequences ofsuch trend are summarized below: 3. At the level of individual rising problems of depression, psychological - disorders, suicides, stress, insecurity, etc. 4. At the level offamily - breaking ofjoint families, mistrust, and conflict between older and younger generations, insecurity in relationships, divorce, dowry tortures, etcC. 5. At the level of society - growing incidence of terrorism and naxalism, rising communalism, spreading casteism, racial and ethnic struggle, wars between nations, etc. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 17 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-17Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) 6. At the level ofnature -global warming, water, air, soil, noise ete. pollution, resource depletion of minerals and mineral oils, etc. 7. All the problems are a direct outcome of an incorrect understanding, our wrong notion about happiness and prosperity and their continuity. Que 1.22.| What do you understand by prosperity ? What is the difference between prosperity and wealth ? How are the two related? AKTU 2017-18(III), Marks 07| OR Differentiate between prosperity and wealth with examples. AKTU 2018-19(TV), Marks 07| Answer Prosperity: Refer Q. 1.19, Page 1-15Y, Unit-1. Difference between Prosperity and Wealth: S. No. Prosperity Wealth 1 Prosperity refers to the state Wealth refers to the state of being of having an abundance of | rich or having an abundance of material assets and money as material assets and money. well as other contributing factors like health and happiness. 2. Prosperity is derived from the Wealth is the origin of the adjective prosperous. adjective wealthy. 3. Prosperity includes wealth as Wealth is a kind of prosperity. well as other factors. Relation: 1. Wealth is a kind of prosperity. 2. Prosperity includes wealth as well as other fact Que 1.23. | What is the meaning of prosperity ? How can you say that you are prosperous ? AKTU 2016-17(TV), Marks 10 Answer Prosperity: Refer Q. 1.19, Page 1-15Y, Unit-1. 1. We are trying to achieve happiness and prosperity by maximizing accumulation and consumption of physical facilities. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 18 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-18Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) 2. It is becoming anti-ecological and anti-people, and threatening the human survival itself. 3. For prosperity, two things are required: i. Identification of the required quantity of physical facilities, and ii. Ensuring availability/production of more than required physical facilities. 4. We can be prosperous only if there is a limit to the need for physical facilities. If there is no limit what so ever be the availability the feeling of prosperity cannot be assured. 5. Secondly, just assessing the need is not enough. We need to be able to produce or make available more than the perceived need. Que 1.24. | What are the symptoms of a happy person ? Describe briefly. AKTU 2015-16(TV), Marks 05 Answer Though it may come in different forms for different people, most human beings are in pursuit of the same thing: happiness. L. They live their life with integrity: Living a life that's in line with your own values and belief is important for happiness. 2. They have embraced living in the moment: You're fully awake and aware, and concentrate your energies on enjoying the present, rather than worrying about the past or the future. 3. They express gratituderegularly: Being grateful for the things you have-and sharing that gratitude-will lead to feelings of satisfaction and happiness. 4. Their work satisfies them: Ifyou find satisfaction in the things you do, then you're well on your way to living a happy life. 5. They enjoy harmonious relationships:Practice respect and patience as you go about your day, whether you're interacting with family, co- workers or with your partner. 6. They aren't afraid of change : Stay open to the opportunities change can bring. 7. They enjoy the simple things: Taking pleasure in small things will help you build a big picture of happiness. Que 1.25. | Differentiate between human and animal consciousness. Answer Difference between Human and Animal Consciousness: 1. Human and animal consciousness comes into play with regard to physical facilities. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 19 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-19 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) 2. Physical facilities can easily be termed as living in animal consciousness since one is only concerned with satistying physical urges or desireS. 3. For instance, your pet dog will be happy with the food you give it and be content after eating. 4. It does not think about how the food was prepared or presented to it. However, for human, it becomes very important to cook food in different ways and to present it nicely on the dining table. 5. Thus, physical facilities are not everything thatahuman being desires. This is what differentiates humans from animals. 6. Living with right understanding, relationship and physical facilities together is called human consciousness. 7. The transformation from animal consciousness to human consciousness is integral for humans. 8. This qualitative improvement in consciousness is what makes us different from animals. PART-5 Harmony at All Levels. Questions-Answers Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions Que 1.26. What are the four levels of our living ? Explain them. OR What are the different levels of human being? Explain how they are interrelated ? AKTU 2014-15(III), Marks 04 Answer Levels of Living: There are four levels of livings 1. Living in myself. 2. Living in family. 3. Living in Society. 4. Living in nature/existence. All these four levels are crucial to our existence in a harmonious state. 1. Living in Myself: The first level of our living is living in myself. Our| thoughts, desires and choices make each one of us unique. Before we express ourselves, we think and this internal process is the Self. The www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 20 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Introduction 1-20 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) inner world or Self co-exists with the body and together we refer to this as a human being. Understanding this Selfis extremely important because we mostly assume things about ourselves based on the unending conditions that we are subject to from childhood. It is important to break these assumptions and get to know ourselves. Testing our beliefs and passing them through our own natural acceptance can help us to achieve this. 2. Living in Family: The next level of our living is living in the family, which includes our parents, siblings, friends, classmates, teachers, etc. This is our first set of relationships and we interact with them on a daily basis. When we try to understand ourselves better, we end up understanding each of them better as well. Also understanding their expectations helps us to live in harmony within family and society. 3. Living in Society:Living in society is a level that is lined with living in family since family is a sub group of the larger group society. Society is composed of all people that we come into contact directly or indirectly and all people upon whom we depend directly or indirectly. The human system involving interdependencies related to food, clothing, housing, health, education etc., is called society. And as we understand ourselves and our family better, we also begin to understand society in a better manneT. 4. Living in NaturelExistence: Last, but not the least, we live in nature and this large eco-system is necessary for the survival of the individua, the family and society. We need to understand nature in order to be able to engage with it in a relationship that leads to mutual fulfillment. VERY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Following questions are very important. These questions may be asked in your SESSIONALS as well as UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION. Q.1. What do you mean by values or human values? Ans: Refer Q. 1.1, Unit-1. Q.2. Define the term values. Write the two factors of human values. Ans. Refer Q. 1.3, Unit-1. Q.3. What do you mean by values? How do they differ from skills ? How are values and skills complementary? Ans. Refer Q. 1.4, Unit-1. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)  Page 21 of 21 Carewell Pharma - A Family of Learning Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 1-21 Y (CC-Sem-3 &4) Q.4. What is value education? What is the importance of value education ? Ans Refer Q. 1.5, Unit-1. Q.5. What do you mean by value education ? Why there is a need ofvalue education in your life? Ans. Refer Q. 1.6, Unit-1. Q6. What do you mean by self exploration ? What are the basic contents of self-exploration ? Ans. Refer Q. 1.10, Unit-1. Q.7. What is self-Exploration ? Explain the process of self exploration with a diagram. Ans Refer Q. 1.11, Unit-1. Q.8. Explain the process of self exploration to understand human values. How does our preconditioning hinder this process? Give one example Ans. Refer Q. 1.12, Unit-1. Q.9. How you look at your basic aspirations. Is it To Be', To Get, To Become'? Justify your right priority with examples. Ans: Refer Q. 1.15, Unit-1. Q10. Elaborate the difference between "Sadhan Viheen Dukhi Daridtra" and "Sadhan Sampann Dukhi Daridtra". Ans. Refer Q. 1.18, Unit-1. Q.11. Define happiness, unhappiness and prosperity. Ans Refer Q. 1.19, Unit-1. Q.12. Critically examine the prevailing notions of happiness and prosperity and their consequences. Ans: Refer Q. 1.21, Unit-1. Q. 13. What do you understand by prosperity ? What is the difference between prosperity and wealth ? How are the two related ? Ans. Refer Q. 1.22, Unit-1. Q.14. What are the four levels of our living? Explain them. Ans: Refer Q. 1.26, Unit-1. www.carewellpharma.in Provided by - Aaradhya Pandey (AKTU)