Volleyball History PDF

VOLLEYBALL Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. Hi s t o r y o f Vo l l e y b a l l  The history of volleyball began way back when th...

VOLLEYBALL Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. Hi s t o r y o f Vo l l e y b a l l  The history of volleyball began way back when the sport was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, an instructor with the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts.  William G. Morgan decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball.  At that time Volleyball was called Mintonette.  During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps "volleyball" would be a more descriptive name for the sport. The history of volleyball reveals that on July 7th 1896, at Springfield College the first game of "volleyball" was played. The first volleyball net, borrowed from Tennis The Spalding ball company first created the official ball for volleyball.  The original rules were written by Morgan and printed in the first edition of the official handbook of the Athletic League of the Young Men’s Christian Associations. A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1916 The Philippines, an off ensive style of passing the ball in a high trajectory to be struck by another player (the set and spike) were introduced. A special ball The game was was designed changed from for the sport. 21 to 15 1900 points 1917 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1920 Three hits per side and back row attack rules were instituted. It became clear that tournaments and rules were needed, the United States Volleyball Association was formed 1928 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1934 The approval and recognition of national volleyball referees. The fi rst two-man The AAU convention in beach game was Boston, action was taken played to recognize the U.S. Volleyball Association as 1930 the offi cial national governing body in the U.S. 1937 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1947 The Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB) was founded The first two-man beach tournament was held. 1948 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1964 Volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo. The initial World The California Beach Championships were Volleyball held in Prague, Association (CBVA) Czechoslovakia. was formed. 1949 1965 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1983 The Association of Volleyball Professionals (AVP) was formed. The US won their first medals at the Olympics in Los Angeles. The Men won the Gold, and the Women the Silver. 1984 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1988 The US Men repeated the Gold in the Olympics in Korea. The Women’s The World Professional Volleyball League was Association (WPVA) was formed. created. 1990 1986 A Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events 1995 The sport of Volleyball was 100 years old! 2-person beach volleyball will be an Olympic Sport. 1996  rm i n o l o g i es Te i n V o l l ey b a l l U s ed Ace: A serve that results directly in a point Assist: Helping a teammate set up for a kill. Attack: The offensive action of hitting the ball. Attacker: Also “hitter” and “spiker.” Attack Block: The defensive team’s attempt to block a spiked ball. Attack Error: An attack botched in one of 5 ways. Attack Line: A line 3 meters/10 feet away from, and parallel to, the net. Back row/court: Space from baseline (end line) to attack line. Back Row Attack: When a back-row player takes off from behind the attack line (10-foot/3-meter) line and attacks the ball. Back set: Set delivered behind the setter. Baseline: The back boundary of the court. Block: One of the 6 basic skills. A defensive play by one or more front-row players meant to intercept a spiked ball. Blocking Error: Touching the net, crossing the centerline, blocking a set or serve or any other “local” violation. Center line: The boundary that runs under the net. Closing the block: The responsibility of the assisting blocker(s) to angle their body relative to the first blocker. “Cover”: Refers to the hitter having his/her teammates ready to retrieve rebounds from the opposing blockers. Cross-court attack: An attack directed diagonally from the point of attack. Cut shot: A spike from the hitter’s strong side that travels at a sharp angle across the net. Deep: Refers to sending the ball away from the net, toward the baseline of the opponent’s court. Defense: One of the 6 basic skills. The key skills used to receive the opponent's attack are digging and sprawling. Dig: Passing a spiked or rapidly hit ball and low to ground. Dink: A one-handed, soft hit into the opponent’s court using the fingertips. Double block: Two players working in unison to intercept a ball at the net. Double hit: Violation. Two successive hits by the same player. Down Ball: Type of attack. “Down” refers to the blockers who neither jump, nor raise their hands above the net. Dump: Usually performed by the setter. Five-One (5-1): An offensive system that uses five hitters and one setter. Floater: A serve with no spin so the ball follows an erratic path. Follow: To move with and block an attacker. Forearm Pass: Sometimes referred to as the “pass,” “bump” or “dig”. Four-Two (4-2): An offensive system using four hitters and two setters. Free ball: Returning the ball to the opponent without the intent to get a kill. Front: Position of a blocker so that she/he can block the attacker. Front-row: Three players whose court position is in front of the attack line Game plan: Offensive and defensive emphasis for an opponent. Held ball: A ball that comes to rest during contact resulting in a violation. Hit: One of the 6 basic skills. To jump and strike the ball with an overhand, forceful shot. Hitter: Also “spiker” or “attacker.” Hitting percentage: A statistic derived from total kills minus total attack errors Joust: When 2 opposing players contact the ball simultaneously above the net. Jump serve: The server uses an approach, toss, takeoff and serves the ball with a spiking motion Key player/play: To discern a team’s best player or probable next play Kill: An attack that results directly in a point or side out. Libero: A player specialized in defensive skills. Lines: The marks that serve as boundaries of a court Linesman: Officials located at the corners of the court Lineup: Players starting rotation and, therefore, serving order Line serve: A straight-ahead serve landing near the opponent’s left sideline Line shot: A ball spiked along an opponent’s sideline, closest to the hitter and outside the block. Load: Body position for the blockers so that they are most effective. Middle back: A defensive system that uses the middle back player in 6 to cover deep spikes. Middle blocker: Usually plays in the middle of the net when in the front row and moves laterally to her blocking assignments. Middle Up: A defensive system that uses the middle-back player in 6 to cover tips or short shots. Mintonette: The original name of the game of volleyball Off-blocker: Outside blocker not included in the double block. Off-Speed Shots: An attack that is intentionally slow. Opposite: Player who plays opposite the setter in the rotation. Outside hitter: Usually plays at the ends of the net when in the front row. Overhand pass: A pass with both hands open that is controlled by the fingers, with the face below the ball. Overhand serve: Serving the ball and striking it with the hand above the shoulder. Overlap: A violation called if a team is lined up out of rotation when the ball is served. Overpass: A ball passed across the net. Overset: An errant set that crosses the net without being touched by another offensive player Pass: One of the 6 basic skills. Receiving a serve or the first contact of the ball. Pancake: One-hand floor defensive technique. Party ball: When the ball is passed across the net in front of attack line so the front-row attacker can immediately hit the ball on the first contact. Penetration: The blocker’s ability to reach over the net above the opponent’s court. Perimeter: Backcourt defense where 4 players arrange themselves near the boundaries of the court. Pipe: A back-row attack from the middle of the court. Play: An attack with a planned fake Quick set: An extremely low vertical set used to beat the opponent’s block. Rally scoring: Scoring method where points can be won by the serving or receiving team. Ready position: The flexed, yet comfortable, posture a player assumes before moving to the point of contact. Red card: Given by the official to a player or coach for flagrant misconduct Roof: To block a spike, usually straight down for a point. Rotation: The clockwise movement of players around the court Seam: The mid-point between 2 players Serve: One of the 6 basic skills. Used to put the ball into play. Set: One of the 6 basic skills. The tactical skill in which a ball is directed to a point where a player can spike it Set attack: When a setter attempts to score rather than set the ball to a spiker. Shallow: Near the net. Shank: Severely misdirected pass. Side out: Change of service when a serving team has failed to score a point Six-pack: Being hit in the face with the ball. Six-two (6-2): An offense with four spikers and two spiker/setters. Slide/step: A quick attack behind the setter Spike: Also called a hit or attack Split block: A double-block that leaves a space between the blockers. Stuff: A ball deflected back to the attacking team’s floor by the opponent’s blockers. Substitution: Allows one player to replace another player already on the court. Switch: To change court positions after a ball is served Tandem: A combination in which one player attacks immediately behind another. Tape: The top of the net. Tip: A one-handed, soft hit into the opponent’s court using the fingertips. Tool: When an attacker hits the ball off an opposing blocker’s arms out of bounds. Touch: A player contacting the ball on the defensive play. Transition: To switch from offense to defense and vice versa. Triple-block: Block formed by all 3 front-row players. Underhand serve: A serve performed with an underhand striking action. W serve-receive formation: Three players in the front row, two in the back. Wipe: To deliberately spike the ball off an opponent’s hands and out of bounds. Yellow Card: Given by the official to a player or coach as a warning of misconduct. Th a n k y o u !