C++ Classes/Objects PDF

**Kalinga University** **Department of Computer Science** **Course- Diploma (CSE) Sem- IV\ Subject- object oriented programming in C++** **Subject Code: DICS401** **UNIT -- 2** C++ Classes/Objects ------------------- C++ is an object-oriented programming language. Everything in C++ is associa...

**Kalinga University** **Department of Computer Science** **Course- Diploma (CSE) Sem- IV\ Subject- object oriented programming in C++** **Subject Code: DICS401** **UNIT -- 2** C++ Classes/Objects ------------------- C++ is an object-oriented programming language. Everything in C++ is associated with classes and objects, along with its attributes and methods. For example: in real life, a car is an **object**. The car has **attributes**, such as weight and color, and **methods**, such as drive and brake. Attributes and methods are basically **variables** and **functions** that belongs to the class. These are often referred to as \"class members\". A class is a user-defined data type that we can use in our program, and it works as an object constructor, or a \"blueprint\" for creating objects. Create a Class -------------- To create a class, use the class keyword: ### Example Create a class called \"MyClass\": class MyClass {       // The class\   public:             // Access specifier\     int myNum;        // Attribute (int variable)\     string myString;  // Attribute (string variable)\ }; ### Example explained - The class keyword is used to create a class called MyClass. - The public keyword is an **access specifier**, which specifies that members (attributes and methods) of the class are accessible from outside the class. You will learn more about [access specifiers](https://www.w3schools.com/cpp/cpp_access_specifiers.asp) later. - Inside the class, there is an integer variable myNum and a string variable myString. When variables are declared within a class, they are called **attributes**. - At last, end the class definition with a semicolon ;. Create an Object ---------------- In C++, an object is created from a class. We have already created the class named MyClass, so now we can use this to create objects. To create an object of MyClass, specify the class name, followed by the object name. To access the class attributes (myNum and myString), use the dot syntax (.) on the object: ### Example Create an object called \"myObj\" and access the attributes: class MyClass {       // The class\   public:             // Access specifier\     int myNum;        // Attribute (int variable)\     string myString;  // Attribute (string variable)\ };\ \ int main() {\   MyClass **myObj**;  // Create an object of MyClass\ \   // Access attributes and set values\   **myObj.myNum** = 15; \   **myObj.myString** = \"Some text\";\ \   // Print attribute values\   cout \