Aircraft Emergency/Safety Equipment PDF

AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY/SAFETY EQUIPMENT  2 INTRODUCTION Safety equipment provisions, usage, and marking are regulated by various standards. This guide offers a general overview of emergency equipment positioning and use, which may vary by airc...

AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY/SAFETY EQUIPMENT  2 INTRODUCTION Safety equipment provisions, usage, and marking are regulated by various standards. This guide offers a general overview of emergency equipment positioning and use, which may vary by aircraft type. So, always refer to the specific Flight/Operations Manual for detailed guidance.  3 INTRODUCTION Equipment is listed in the order it might be used in a ditching or crash landing scenario. It must be easily accessible, clearly located, and protected from accidental damage. PUBLIC ADDRESS  5 PUBLIC ADDRESS When required at least one microphone to be available for use by the flight attendant (cabin staff) at each floor level exit in the passenger compartment. It is usual for all flight crew members to be able to use the public address either through a hand microphone or their normal headset communications. EMERGENCY LIGHTING  7 EMERGENCY LIGHTING An emergency lighting system independent of the main lighting system must be installed. The system must include:  8 ILLUMINATED EMERGENCY EXIT MARKING AND LOCATION SIGNS  9 EXTERNAL EMERGENCY LIGHTING  10 EMERGENCY EXIT SIGNS  11 AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY ESCAPE PATH MARKINGS EMERGENCY EXIT LIGHTS - IN A TYPICAL INSTALLATION  13 PURPOSE AND POWER SOURCE Clearly marked exit lights throughout the cabin indicate emergency routes. Powered by individual Nicad batteries with charging, monitoring, and voltage regulation circuits. They provide up to 20 minutes of power.  14 CONTROL SYSTEM Cockpit Control Switch: Positions: OFF, ARMED, ON (guarded to ARMED). In ARMED mode, lights activate automatically if power to 28V DC Bus No.1 fails. Cabin Attendant Control Switch: Positions: NORMAL, ON (guarded to NORMAL). In ON mode, attendants can override cockpit controls. INTERIOR LIGHTING 15 SYSTEM Locations: Aisle illumination from stowage bin bullnoses. Entry, service, and overwing hatches. Ceiling for exit identification and general area lighting. Self-illuminating exit signs at the forward, middle, and aft cabin sections.  16 INTERIOR LIGHTING SYSTEM Floor Proximity Lighting: Locator lights every 40 inches with lighted arrows and exit indicators near floor level. Guides evacuation when upper cabin lighting is obscured by smoke.  17 EMERGENCY LIGHTS IN THE CABIN EXTERIOR LIGHTING 18 SYSTEM Illuminates escape slides and overwing exits. Installed near forward/aft service entry doors and overwing escape routes. MEGAPHONES  20 MEGAPHONES Located at strategic points: front/rear, upper/lower decks. Used by cabin staff for passenger communication during power failures. Battery-powered and must be checked before each flight. Testing: Press transmit switch and check for an audible "click" or green neon light.  21 MEGAPHONES Megaphones are fitted as per scale below for each passenger deck: TORCHES  23 TORCHES Legally required on public transport aircraft. Located at each crew station, flight deck, and floor-level exits. Secured by Velcro straps; not rechargeable from aircraft power. Serviceability indicated by a flashing red neon light on the torch body. EMERGENCY EXIT DESCENT DEVICES  25 EMERGENCY EXIT DESCENT DEVICES Evacuation Equipment Types: Rope, slide, inertial reel, or tape.  26 ESCAPE METHODS Inflatable Slides: Rigid slides may double as life rafts. Stored in doors; must be set to ENGAGE for emergency use or DETACH for normal operations. Apron Slides: Require manual tensioning by the first two escapees.  27 AIRCRAFT RAFT / SLIDE  28 ESCAPE METHODS Inertial Reel Systems: Found on larger aircraft; crew slides down using a handle for controlled descent.  29 EMERGENCY EXIT DESCENT DEVICES Flotation Equipment Regulations: Required if operating more than 120 minutes or 400 miles from land. Life jackets mandatory for takeoff or landing over water. Deployment Instructions: Issued by flight crew via Public Address (PA) system during emergencies. OVERWING ESCAPE HATCHES  31 OVERWING ESCAPE HATCHES Location & Design: Positioned over wings in the passenger cabin. Plug-type hatches secured by mechanical locks and cabin pressure. Operation: Can be opened from inside or outside using a spring- loaded handle. Seat-backs blocking the exit can be pushed forward for access.  32 OVERWING ESCAPE HATCHES Safety Precautions: Hatches must not be removed in flight. Removal triggers overwing emergency exit lights if cockpit switch is in ARMED position. Evacuation Procedures: During ground or water evacuation, place hatch to avoid blocking exits (e.g., onto the wing or seat armrests). OVERWING ESCAPE STRAPS  34 OVERWING ESCAPE STRAPS Escape straps are installed above each emergency escape hatch frame. The overwing escape hatches must be removed to expose the straps. One end of the strap is attached to the hatch frame. The remainder of the strap is stowed in a tube extending into the cabin ceiling. CUT-IN-AREAS  36 CUT-IN-AREAS In the event that the nominated emergency exits are blocked or are unable to be opened, a supplementary escape route, which can be broken from outside the aircraft, must be available.  37 CUT-IN-AREAS These will take the form of cut-in-areas and are mandatory on public transport aircraft over 3600 kg airframe unit weight. They are rectangular in shape, marked by right angled corners and red or yellow in color and outlined in white if a contrast is required. Cut-in-areas are not weak points on the fuselage structure, but areas under which no control runs, electrical looms or multi stringers exist DOORS / EMERGENCY EXITS  39 DOORS / EMERGENCY EXITS Apart from the obvious purpose of entry to an aircraft, doors may act as emergency exits. However, if this is the case they must be outlined externally by a 3 cm band in a contrasting color. This requirement applies to any opening designated as an emergency exit. LOCATOR BEACONS LOCATOR BEACONS The beacon is operated by pulling on the red toggle, which in turn releases the “Velcro” straps holding the aerial. Release of the aerial will lift the aerial from its position parallel to the cylinder switches on the radio transmitter.  42 LOCATOR BEACONS The aerial will lift to the vertical position, a neon lamp on top of the beacon will continuously pulsate indicating the beacon is transmitting. The volume, weight and shape of the cylinder are such as to provide sufficient buoyancy to maintain the aerial in a vertical position above the water. FIRST AID EQUIPMENT  44 FIRST AID EQUIPMENT These are not sealed and are designed for use by cabin crew for the treatment of minor emergencies and ailments. Information, contents list and survival booklets are inside. ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT FIRE-PROOF GLOVES A pair of fire-proof gloves are usually stowed on the flight deck for use in handling overheated equipment. They are normally made of Nomex with silver heat resistance coating. FIRE AXE OR JEMMY One fire axe or jemmy will be stowed on the flight deck whilst one or more may be stowed in a secure place in the cabin out of view of the passengers. These are used for levering and lifting hot panels or access doors to fight a fire beneath with a hand held extinguisher. THANK YOU