Cellular Respiration and Fermentation (Biology 10th Grade) PDF

Topic 7. Cellular respiration and fermentation Mr. Peña Biology 10th grade Chemical energy and food. Autotrophs Vs. Heterotrophs. Energy in food can be measured in units called calories. A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree...

Topic 7. Cellular respiration and fermentation Mr. Peña Biology 10th grade Chemical energy and food. Autotrophs Vs. Heterotrophs. Energy in food can be measured in units called calories. A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. Calories in food are Kilocalories. The amount of energy in different kinds of food varies. This is because of differences in the way the atoms in food molecules are bonded together. Overview of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from food, such as the simple sugar glucose, when there is oxygen present. Cellular respiration gives off carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Aerobic Vs. Anaerobic. Main stages. Glycolysis. Glucose enters. Only a small amount of energy is used to make ATP. The rest is still locked in the bonds of a molecule called PYRUVIC ACID. (CH3COCOOH) The Krebs cycle. Pyruvic acid enters the Krebs cycle. Little more energy is given off. CO2 is released. Electron transport chain. Most of the energy comes from the ETC. Uses oxygen and reactants from the other two stages. H2O is released. PHOTOSYNTHESIS VS. CELLULAR RESP.  GLYCOLYSIS First set of reactions in cellular respiration is known as glycolysis. A 6-carbon sugar made from glucose is split into two. 2 Pyruvic acid with 3 carbons each. Energy is given off as the bonds in glucose are broken and formed again between different atoms. Making ATP Making NADH. Glycolysis gives off energy. In glycolysis 4 electrons pass to an electron carrier. 2 ATP molecules are used up. This carrier is called NAD Glycolysis makes 4 ATP molecules. Each NAD+ can pick up a H+ and carry a pair of e-. The new molecule is known as NADH. NET gain of 2 ATP molecules for each molecule of It holds the electrons until they can be moved to other glucose molecules. These high-energy electrons can be used to make even more ATP later.  GLYCOLYSIS ADVANTAGES: THE KREBS CYCLE THE KREBS CYCLE THE KREBS CYCLE THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN NADH and FADH2 From the Krebs cycle e- are carried into the ETC ADP into ATP