Introduction to World History PDF

INTRODUCTION TO WORLD HISTORY Rufel John R. Tutor, LPT The faintest ink is better than the sharpest memory. - Chinese Proverbs Note takers are history makers. - John Di Lemme LEARNING OUTCOMES: explain the history of the discipline; identify the different sources...

INTRODUCTION TO WORLD HISTORY Rufel John R. Tutor, LPT The faintest ink is better than the sharpest memory. - Chinese Proverbs Note takers are history makers. - John Di Lemme LEARNING OUTCOMES: explain the history of the discipline; identify the different sources in studying history; examine and assess critically the value of historical evidences and sources; appreciate the importance of studying history. WHAT IS HISTORY? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT HISTORICAL SOURCES? WHAT KINDS OF SOURCES DO HISTORIANS USE TO LEARN ABOUT THE PAST?  WHY IS STUDYING HISTORY IMPORTANT FOR US TODAY? DEFINE HISTORY IN ONE WORD... WHAT IS HISTORY? Etymologically, HISTORY (from Greek word HISTORIA, meaning “Knowledge acquired by investigation”. “a chronological record of significant events (Merriam-Webster (2018) narration of the events which have happened among mankind, including an account of the rise and fall of the nations THERE ARE THEORIES CONSTRUCTED BY HISTORIANS IN INVESTIGATING HISTORY: FACTUAL HISTORY SPECULATIVE HISTORY  THERE ARE THEORIES CONSTRUCTED BY HISTORIANS IN INVESTIGATING HISTORY: FACTUAL HISTORY Presents readers the plain and basic information, the events that took place (WHAT), the time and date with which the event happened (WHEN), the place with which the events took place (WHERE), and the people that were involved (WHO).  THERE ARE THEORIES CONSTRUCTED BY HISTORIANS IN INVESTIGATING HISTORY: SPECULATIVE HISTORY It goes beyond facts because it is concerned about the reasons for which events happened (WHY), and the way they happened (HOW).  HISTORY HISTORIOGRAPHY HISTORIANS WHO IS THE FATHER OF HISTORY? HISTORICAL SOURCES What are Historical Sources? Every event that is written in the history of a place or country come from bases and sources. Some of these are accounts by direct witnesses, unearthed and preserved materials, paintings, magazine articles, books, newspapers and other acceptable documents. You will see from the picture a few examples of these. Basis for writing History HOW IS HISTORY FORMED? WHAT ARE THE SOURCES OR BASES FOR WRITING HISTORY? In shaping history, so-called “historical sources” are very important. These are divided into two types.  Different sources: PRIMARY SECONDARY SOURCES SOURCES Primary Sources: are proofs or pieces of evidence that validate an event in the past. original records best examples of primary sources are stories told by people who were direct witnesses to an event. this becomes a basis for determining important information as to what happened, why it happened, and where and when the event took place. have different forms - written or in print Primary Sources: Oral forms (by people who witnessed to an event) Visual form (observable materials that provide information on a particular event or period) Artifact (man-made object and shows the way of life and situations of a group of people during a particular era.) Examples of Primary Sources: PHOTOGRAPHS JOURNALS NEWSPAPERS REPORTS CORRESPONDENCE other records and documents of witnesses to an event Examples of Primary Sources: works of literature oral histories, traditions, and customs of a group of people Secondary Sources: stories of people who were not direct witnesses to the event. something written about primary sources. authors from secondary sources might get their information from accounts of direct witnesses or from other primary sources. interpretation and evaluation of the records eg. books written by historians, articles published in newspapers and journals, documents read at an assembly or conference, and other writings by authors who were not direct witnesses to the event.