The Skull and its Landmarks PDF

The Skull and its Landmarks Part 5 of 5 Julie Watson The Cranium – Infratemporal Fossa & Pterygopalatine Fossa Infratemporal Fossa; An irregular shaped cavity, below and medial to the Zygomatic arch Its borders are: Superiorly - greater wing of the sphenoid bone Inferiorl...

The Skull and its Landmarks Part 5 of 5 Julie Watson The Cranium – Infratemporal Fossa & Pterygopalatine Fossa Infratemporal Fossa; An irregular shaped cavity, below and medial to the Zygomatic arch Its borders are: Superiorly - greater wing of the sphenoid bone Inferiorly - medial Pterygoid muscle Anteriorly - maxilla Posteriorly - Styloid and condylar processes Medially - sphenoid and palatine bones Laterally - ramus and coronoid process of the mandible 3 Dontbeasalmon.net Functions of the Infratemporal Fossa Contains the muscles of mastication Within the fossa; lateral Pterygoid muscle & the medial Pterygoid muscle Originating and inserting at the borders of the fossa; Masseter & temporalis muscles 4 Image from Research Gate  It serves as a passageway for many neurovascular structures Inferior alveolar nerves Maxillary artery/vein Sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve Middle meningeal vein Posterior division of the So, why is this area of mandibular nerve importance to us as clinicians? Kenning, 2021 5  6 Glidewelldental.com Medical-enc.com You Tube clip for this section https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLrkUTIqsAM (Infratemporal fossa) 7 Pterygopalatine Fossa Located between the Infratemporal fossa and the nasopharynx Structure, inverted pyramidal shape Its walls are formed by the maxilla, palatine and sphenoid bones 8  Borders Anterior: Posterior wall of the Superior: Inferior orbital fissure maxillary sinus of the eye Posterior: Pterygoid process of Medial: Perpendicular plate of the sphenoid bone the palatine bone Inferior: Palatine bone and Lateral: Pterygomaxillary fissure palatine canals Ly, 2020 9 Functions of the Pterygopalatine Fossa It contains important neurovascular structures and their branches: Maxillary nerve Pterygopalatine ganglion Maxillary artery There are seven foramina which connect the Pterygopalatine fossa with the orbit, nasal, oral cavity, middle cranial fossa and Infratemporal fossa. Why is this fossa of importance to us? 10  11 Pocketdentistry.com You Tube clip for this section https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ioszJmsv3o – Pterygopalatine fossa 12  Well done! We’ve made it! We’ve finished! 13 Keepcalms.com Summary – What have we covered in Parts 1- 5? We have found out why the cranium is important and what its functions are We have found out what a suture is We now know the names of the sutures that hold the cranial bones together We have learnt the names of the Cranial Bones and their implications to us We have looked at the Infratemporal fossa & the Pterygopalatine Fossa and their implications to us 14 Further Reading https://www.anatomy.tv/titles https:// www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-sphenoid-bo ne https:// radiopaedia.org/articles/pterygopalatine-fossa?lang=g b https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFr3BDTwMu8 (Foramina) 15 References , M (2021) Infratemporal Fossa. [online] Teach me Anatomy. Available at: https://teachmeanatomy.info/head/areas/infratemporal-fossa/ [Accessed on 8 May 2021] Sieroslawska, A. (2020) Infratemporal Fossa. [online] Ken Hub. Available at: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/infratemporal-fossa [Accessed on 8 May 2021] Ly, D. (2020) Pterygopalatine Fossa. [online] Ken Hub. Available at: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/anatomy-of-the-pterygopalatine-fossa [Accessed on 8 May] Anon. (n.d.) Sphenoid Bone. [online] Wikipedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenoid_bone [Accessed on 8 May 2021] Stone, J. (2019) Sphenoid bone. [online] teachmeanatomy. Available at: https:Complete Anatomy by Elsevier [Mobile App] [Accessed on 7 May 2021] Knapp, S. (2020) Frontal Bone. [image] Available at: https://biologydictionary.net/frontal-bone/ [Accessed on 7 May 2021] Knapp, S. (2020) Parietal Bone. [image] Available at: https://biologydictionary.net/parietal-bone/ [Accessed on 7 May 2021] Kenning//teachmeanatomy.info/head/osteology/sphenoid-bone/ [Accessed on 8 May 2021] 16 References continued Sanders, K. (2018) The Pterygopalatine fossa. [online] Teach Me Anatomy. Available at: https://teachmeanatomy.info/head/areas/pterygopalatine-fossa/ [Accessed on 8 May 2021] Copperwheat, A. (2020) The Ethmoid bone. [online] teachmeanatomy. Available at: https://teachmeanatomy.info/head/osteology/ethmoid-bone/ [Accessed on 9 May 2021] Yu, M. (2020). Anatomy, Head and Neck, Ethmoid Bone. StatPearls,. Accessed on 10 May 2021 Maynard, R. and Downes, N., (2019). Ethmoid Bone. Science Direct,. Accessed on 10 May 2021 Webster, S. (2009) Infratemporal Fossa. [Image] Available at: https://samwebster.net/?p=1995 [Accessed on 8 May 2021] University of Iowa (2017) Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) Anatomy: the Pterygopalatine Fossa. [image] Available at: https://medicine.uiowa.edu/iowaprotocols/juvenile-nasopharyngeal-angiofibroma-jna-anatomy-pterygopalatine-f ossa [Accessed on 9 May 2021] Dental Care Blog (2013) Dental Anasthesia: Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block. [image] Available at: http://eurekadent.blogspot.com/2013/02/dental-anasthesia-posterior-superior.html#.YJfj6C1Q01J [Accessed on 8 May 2021] Sieroslawska, A. (2020) Sphenoid Bone. [online] Ken Hub. Available at: 17 https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-sphenoid-bone [Accessed on 10 May 2021] Special Thanks I would like to express my extreme thanks and gratitude to Martina Carter, Nilufar Ismatova and Emmanuelle Sitjar, for allowing me to use some of their slides from their presentation of the Skull and it’s landmarks May 2021. Many thanks 18