Swine Farming Practices PDF

ANTONIO J. BARROGA PRO FESSOR VI University Extension Office, Research, Extension, and Training, Central Luzon State Education University Master in Agribusiness Management, Central Luzon State University Bachelor of Science in Agriculture major in Agr...

ANTONIO J. BARROGA PRO FESSOR VI University Extension Office, Research, Extension, and Training, Central Luzon State Education University Master in Agribusiness Management, Central Luzon State University Bachelor of Science in Agriculture major in Agricultural Economics, Central Luzon State University Pigs were domesticated as far back as 8500 BC in Mesopotamia. In China and Europe domestication of pigs started 5000-3000 BC. INDUSTRY SITUATIONER PRE and POST ASF Before ASF 2018 Why do we raise pigs?  Advantages of Raising Pigs Pork as source of nutrients –Protein percentage of cooked pork is around 23%; it is rich in B vitamins; it contains 370 cal per 100 g; it is high in P and K and good source of Fe, Zn, Mn and Mg.  By-product utilization – farm by-products not suitable for human consumption can be used for feeding pigs. Organic fertilizer – a mature pig can produce about 200 kg of dry manure per year (assuming 80% digestibility of feed). Pig manure contains around 0.6% N, 0.5% P and 0.4% K. When properly utilized pig manure is ideal for organic fertilizer production. 500 kg OEMC treated fly ash hog manure litterbed + 500 kg fly + 4 kg ash OEMC Coarse Coarse Coarse Slightly Coarse  Soil bed for robust growing 50% pechay 14-day OECMC treated compost + 50 % soil For a robust growing ampalaya Efficiency of feed utilization for meat production by pigs is about 30-40% or about 2.5-3 kg feed per kg gain in weight. Pigs are omnivores – they can consume a wide range of waste and by-products. Unlike cattle, pigs can even tolerate damaged grains.  High percentage of useful products – the dressing percentage of pigs is around 75%, which is much higher than poultry (65%), cattle (54%), sheep (50%), goats (45%), or rabbits (50%). Rapid genetic improvement – pigs have short reproductive cycle. Through artificial insemination even small pig keepers can easily acquire superior genetics for the improvement of their stock. Social status – in various regions pigs are part of the traditional way of life; they present prestige and security and are raised for ceremonial obligations and social events.  Financially rewarding – on account of the pig’s high fecundity and growth rate pig production can yield a relatively rapid rate of return on the capital invested. 61 billion peso industry Pre – ASF 20-Sow – Fattening 25 fatteners/mo 4k/fattener – 180 LW 100 k/mo 1.2 M/year  Disadvantages of pig keeping Eating of pork (and other animal products) can cause degenerative diseases – heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, prostate cancer, diabetes and kidney disease have been associated to consumption of animal meat and fat. Law of Moderation Religious restriction on pork consumption – a social factor against pigs is the belief that they are dirty and form a health hazard. Rice Duck Farm at the back of the Piggery Pollution – pig wastes can pollute waterways. Likewise, containing pig manure in ponds or lagoons can contaminate the water table making water unsafe. Many commercial farms had been closed due to improper waste disposal. July 2016 September 2016 July 2017  Biogas System from Covered Lagoon Wastewater from Sediment Yard wallowing pool Biogas System Covered lagoon Open lagoon 1 Open lagoon 2 Wastewater for fertilization  Influent Effluent Wastewater going to the covered lagoon Fermented waste water from the cover lagoon  Electric supply for pig Electric Supply for Wastewater from house residential zone pig house Biogas System Biogas Generater  Let as adopt ZWAP 1.Zero odor 2.Waste to biogas energy 3.Waste to organic fertilizer 4.Waste to rice duck farming system 5.Waste to organic vegetable production “ “ TRULY ZWAP IS MASAGANANG ANI, MALAKING KITA AT MALUSOG NA SAMBAYANAN FILIPINO